浅谈α-二醇与高碘酸的反应

本文介绍了α -二醇与高碘酸反应后产物的书写技巧 ,并讨论了如何由产物推出α -二醇的结构以及反应的应用。     

哺乳动物α-羟基丁酸脱氢酶的测定及临床意义

α-羟基丁酸脱氢酶（HBDH）是心肌酶谱中的一种酶，在哺乳动物体内普遍存在，主要分布于心肌红细胞、白细胞及肾脏等。HBDH活性升高常见于急性心肌梗塞、骨骼肌损伤、急性肝炎、白血病及恶性肿瘤等。可用紫外动力学法、速率法、酶学比色法、连续检测等方法来测定HBDH的活性。LDH／HBDH比值可以帮助诊断肝病或心脏病。HBDH活性测定在临床诊断中有重要意义，在某些临床诊断中HBDH、CK、CK-MB需联合测定，但就心肌受损相关疾病而言，没必要同时检测。由于酶基因表达的多样性，基因表达调控上的差异性，产生了各种动物酶结构的多样性，进行HBDH的分子遗传研究非常必要。     

Salivary Alpha Amylase Activity in Human Beings of Different Age Groups Subjected to Psychological Stress

Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) has been proposed as a sensitive non-invasive biomarker for stress-induced changes in the body that reflect the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Though several experiments have been conducted to determine the validity of this salivary component as a reliable stress marker in human subjects, the effect of stress induced changes on sAA level in different age groups is least studied. This article reports the activity of sAA in human subjects of different age groups subjected to psychological stress induced through stressful video clip. Differences in sAA level based on sex of different age groups under stress have also been studied. A total of 112 subjects consisting of both the male and female subjects, divided into two groups on basis of age were viewed a video clip of corneal transplant surgery as stressor. Activity of sAA from saliva samples of the stressed subjects were measured and compared with the activity of the samples collected from the subjects before viewing the clip. The age ranges of subjects were 18–25 and 40–60 years. The sAA level increased significantly in both the groups after viewing the stressful video. The increase was more pronounced in the younger subjects. The level of sAA was comparatively more in males than females in the respective groups. No significant change in sAA activity was observed after viewing the soothed video clip. Significant increase of sAA level in response to psychological stress suggests that it might act as a reliable sympathetic activity biochemical marker in different stages of human beings.     

Golgi tendon organ reflex inhibition following manually applied acute static stretching

Abstract

Golgi tendon organ disinhibition may contribute to exercise-associated muscle cramp (henceforth referred to as “cramps”) genesis. Static stretching pre-exercise is prescribed to prevent cramps based on the assumption golgi tendon organ inhibition remains elevated post-stretching. We determined whether stretching increased gastrocnemius golgi tendon organ inhibition and, if so, the time course of this inhibition post-stretching. Twelve participants’ dominant limb medial gastrocnemius inhibition was measured before, and at 1, 5, 10, 15 and 30 min after investigators applied three, 1-min duration stretches. Participants maintained voluntary contraction intensities of 5% of their maximum while the Achilles tendon was stimulated transcutaneously 50 times. Five-hundred millisecond epochs of raw electromyographic activity were band-pass filtered, full-wave rectified and averaged. An algorithm identified inhibitory points and calculated the area, maximum and duration of inhibition. Area of inhibition (F_1,14 = 1.5, P = 0.25), maximum inhibition (F_1,14 = 0.2, P = 0.72) and duration of inhibition (F_1,14 = 1.5, P = 0.24) were unaffected by static stretching over the 30-min post-stretching period. If pre-stretching does prevent fatigue-induced cramping, the mechanism is unlikely to involve the autoinhibition produced by the golgi tendon organ reflex. Further empirical research is needed to validate the proposed link between static stretching and cramping and then to investigate alternative mechanisms.     

点穴对网球队员定量负荷后HR、La、LDH的影响

目的:观察点压肾俞穴、照海穴对网球运动员定量负荷后心率(HR)、血乳酸(La)含量、血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性的影响。方法:受试对象随机分为对照组和点穴组。分别于试验前和8周后采用功率自行车,于20min内完成定量负荷运动,测定负荷时HR与运动后恢复期第3 min、5 min、7 minHR,并取静脉血测定La含量、LDH活性。结果:试验前两组各观察值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);8周后,点穴组定量负荷HR及恢复3?HR与对照组比较无差异,但恢复5 min、7 min后显著低于对照组(P<0.05);点穴组La显著低于对照组(P<0.05);LDH活性也低于对照组(P<0.01)。结果表明穴位点压可使运动员负荷后HR恢复加快,La含量及LDH活性降低。     

夏训前后少年自行车运动员一次训练课后机能变化的比较研究

为了了解夏训对少年自行车运动员身体机能的影响,对少年自行车运动员进行为期6周的夏季集训,在夏训前后各安排一次完全相同的训练课,在训练课前后记录不同时刻的心率、训练结束即刻RPE值,并测试训练前后的免疫球蛋白及CK、LDH、BUN等生化指标。最后得出：与夏训前相比,夏训后不同训练时刻心率降低;训练结束即刻RPE明显低于夏训前（P〈0.01）;IgG含量增加明显（P〈0.01）;一次训练课使血BUN之间存在显著性差异（P〈0.01）;血清酶含量有所降低。提示,经过夏季6周的集训,运动员机能水平提高。     

运动对血液中肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶的影响

本文拟概述了肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)三种酶的生理生化作用以及运动对血液中酶活性的影响运动训练可引起血清CK、LDH活性升高,增高的程度与运动与运动持续时间,以及受试者的训练程度、运动类型等因素有关。     

三元场对小鼠器官组织中同工酶的影响

采用聚丙烯酰凝胶电泳,从分子水平探索元极堂三元场对小鼠的心、肝、肾、肺和骨路肌等五种器官组织中的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)同工酶的影响,实验结果显示:受三元场作用的实验组,两种同工酶的酶活性与对照组均有不同程度的变化,其中骨骼肌和肾组织的酶活性有较明显的增强,从而为三元场促进生物体与能源有关的代谢活动提供了依据。     

转甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因水稻的获得及其耐盐性研究

利用农杆菌介导法和基因枪法将来源于山菠菜的甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因(BADH)转入水稻基因组，并获得了具有一定耐盐性状的转基因植株，在0．5％NaCl盐浓度下生长良好，同时对Kan和G418的筛选效果及两种转化方法进行了比较．     

Studies of biochemical parameters in breast cancer with and without metastasis

The study includes 102 confirmed cases of carcinoma breast with and without metastasis and 25 healthy non-pregnant females. They were evaluated for blood levels of Ferritin, GSH, LDH, ALP, GGT and Hb before and 21 days after mastectomy. A significant increase (p<0.001) was observed in ferritin, LDH and GSH levels in cancer patients without metastasis in comparison to normal control subjects. Patients with metastasis had further elevated (p<0.001) levels of Ferritin, ALP and GGT as compared to non-metastatic patients. Mastectomy in both the cases i.e. with and without metastasis resulted in non-significant decrease in all the biochemical parameters suggesting that longer follow up could confirm post surgery decrease in the biochemical parameters. The results of the study suggest cost effective, usefulness of Ferritin, ALP, GGT and GSH/Hb ratio in differentiating breast cancer patients with and without metastasis which can be assayed in smaller laboratories.