心理反抗与肉身逃亡——朱湘留美肄业归国的心理原因探析

朱湘是中国现代文学史上留学生中的异类,他没有取得学位便提前回国,以往的学者对此的研究多停留于外在事实层面,而忽略了诗人心理世界的独特性。从朱湘的应激心理、孤独心理和性爱心理三个方面入手分析诗人留学期间的心理状态,以探求其肄业归国的内在动因。     

Child and family traumatic stress intervention (CFTSI) reduces parental posttraumatic stress symptoms: A multi-site meta-analysis (MSMA)

BackgroundFollowing traumatization, caregiver support is a crucial factor contributing to children's successful management of posttraumatic reactions and their recovery. Caregivers who have been traumatically impacted themselves, however, may be compromised in this posttraumatic caregiving role. Although there are a number of evidence-based child trauma treatments that are effective in reducing children's trauma symptoms, the impact of child treatment on participating caregiver's posttraumatic symptoms (PTS) has received less attention.ObjectiveExplore PTS reduction caregivers experience through participation in their child's evidence-based trauma-focused mental health treatment.Participants and setting640 Child-Caregiver dyads referred for the Child and Family Traumatic Stress Intervention (CFTSI) following formal disclosure of abuse in a Child Advocacy Center (CAC).MethodsData were collected from 10 community treatment sites trained in CFTSI. A multi-site meta-analytic approach was used to evaluate pooled and site-specific therapeutic effect sizes for caregivers and children.ResultsCFTSI was associated with significant changes (Hedge's g = 1.17, Child-rated; g = 0.66, caregiver-rated) in children's PTS and with clinically meaningful improvements in PTS for 62% of participating caregivers who had started CFTSI with clinical levels of PTS as measured by the Post Traumatic Checklist–Civilian Version (PCL-C). The overall mean PCL-C change (9.31, SD = 12.9) in paired, pre-post PCL-C scores is close to a clinically meaningful change of 10 or higher. There was a robust moderate pooled effect size (g = 0.70, N = 640, p < 0.0001).ConclusionThe value of a reduction in caregiver PTS as a secondary outcome of children's trauma-focused treatment is discussed.     

Emotional and behavior problems in adopted children – The role of early adversities and adoptive parents’ regulation and behavior

BackgroundEarly adversity and negative experiences in the adoptive family can put adopted children at risk for emotional and behavior problems.ObjectiveThis study analyzes the influence of children’s preadoptive history and adoptive parents’ characteristics on the psychosocial adjustment of nationally and internationally adopted children in Germany.Participants and settingThe survey included 172 adopted children aged between 24 and 145 months and their adoptive parents.MethodsParents provided information about preadoptive history. Information about emotional and behavior problems was obtained from the parental version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Parental well-being was obtained through a composite score of three standardized measures (self-efficacy questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale PSS-4, Brief Symptom Inventory BSI); parenting behavior was assessed with the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (DEAPQ).Results12.5% of the adopted children scored in the clinical range of the SDQ. In a multiple regression analysis, the experience of maltreatment and neglect was the most important predictor of emotional and behavior problems at time of assessment, followed by pre- and perinatal risk and parental stress regulation difficulties, R² = .423, F(4, 128) = 28.539. Increases in the number of risk factors present were associated with a greater odd of children scoring in the clinical range of the SDQ.ConclusionsMost of the nationally and internationally adopted children in this sample were well-adjusted. Prenatal and preadoptive risk as well as stress regulation capacities of the main caregiver contributed to the child’s development. An accumulation of risks increased the likelihood of adjustment problems in adopted children.     

教师在工作中的自我认识

本文阐述了如何认识教师的工作压力,如何正确对待别人对自己工作的评价,要重视教师心理保健。     

高等职业院校青年教师朋辈互助体系研究

文章通过"高校青年教师压力源"问卷,对贵州省部分高职院校青年教师进行调查.通过研究,得出青年教师的压力主要来自于教学科研、家庭生活以及职业发展.文章研究提出通过建立朋辈互助体系可以有效地缓解青年教师的压力,促进青年教师健康发展.     

Molecular hydrogen is a promising therapeutic agent for pulmonary disease

Molecular hydrogen exerts biological effects on nearly all organs. It has anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging effects and contributes to the regulation of autophagy and cell death. As the primary organ for gas exchange, the lungs are constantly exposed to various harmful environmental irritants. Short- or long-term exposure to these harmful substances often results in lung injury, causing respiratory and lung diseases. Acute and chronic respiratory diseases have high rates of morbidity and mortality and have become a major public health concern worldwide. For example, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global pandemic. An increasing number of studies have revealed that hydrogen may protect the lungs from diverse diseases, including acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lung cancer, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we highlight the multiple functions of hydrogen and the mechanisms underlying its protective effects in various lung diseases, with a focus on its roles in disease pathogenesis and clinical significance.     

黄河流域产业发展对生态环境的胁迫诊断与优化路径识别

黄河流域是中国区域发展战略格局的重要支撑区以及国土生态安全的关键区域,也是国家重要的能源安全支撑区和粮食安全基地。但受区位条件、自然地理环境和资源禀赋等因素影响,该地区经济基础相对薄弱,以能源重化工为主的单一化产业体系加重了地区生态环境负担。本文在辨析黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展主要限制因素的基础上,分析了地区产业发展对生态环境本底、大气环境、水资源与水环境、生态功能的胁迫特征,总结了地区产业发展与生态环境保护的主要矛盾及需要把握的关系;提出实现黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展目标,必须处理好产业开发布局与流域生态环境安全格局稳定、重点区域产业发展与资源环境承载能力、重点突破与系统统筹的关系。为此,建议该地区应优化产业发展路径,积极推进以绿色循环为核心的新型工业化,提升产业发展层次;以地区资源环境约束促进能源基础原材料产业规模控制和效率提升;以资源环境承载力为基础优化产业空间布局,确定适宜的产业发展空间和生态保护红线,推进重点能源化工基地建设和城市群产业集聚区建设;加强能矿资源开发的生态空间管控与生态修复,实施一批区域性生态环境治理和修复工程。     

熔岩管冷却过程中的热应力计算

除本身造成的直接灾害外,火山喷发的基性熔岩流动过程中经常会形成熔岩管.由于地下空洞的存在,熔岩管附近区域的地表稳定性会降低,容易发生坍塌,造成次生灾害。月球和火星上发现的熔岩管是未来外星探测基地的最佳选择,对于熔岩管稳定性研究也具有潜在价值。本文运用有限元方法,基于熔岩管形成机制,建立熔岩管形成后温度演化过程和相应的位移和热应力状况.通过分析熔岩管附近主应力的演化过程,考察不同物理参数(熔岩管的大小、深度、形状)对于熔岩管稳定性的影响。     

适宜运动训练对反复心理应激大鼠海马脑源性神经营养因子的 影响

目的:探讨适宜运动训练对心理应激大鼠海马脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)水平的影响.方法:对SD大鼠进行为期8周,每次60min的游泳运动训练,并在运动后期施加2周的心理应激,测定大鼠海马CA1区脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)积分光密度、平均光密度、阳性物面积,面密度、阳性细胞数、数密度水平变化.结果:(1)经过2周心理应激后,心理应激绀大鼠海马CA1区脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)积分光密度、平均光密度、阳性物面积,面密度、阳性细胞数、数密度水平显著低于对照组;(2)经过8周运动训练后,运动组人鼠海马CA1区脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)积分光密度、平均光密度、阳性物面积,面密度、阳性细胞数、数密度水平显著高于对照组;同时运动+心理应激组大鼠海马CA1区脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)积分光密度、平均光密度、阳性物面积,面密度、阳性细胞数、数密度水平显著高于应激组;结论:适宜运动训练可以降低心理应激反应程度,使大脑海马区BDNF水平提高,维持大脑海马区在应激状态下的生理功能稳定.     

游泳运动对慢性心理应激大鼠延髓内皮素及其受体的影响

目的:研究运动对慢性心理应激大鼠延髓内皮素(ET)及其受体的影响,探讨延髓心血管中枢———头端腹外侧区和孤束核中内皮素及其受体在慢性心理应激过程中变化的意义和机制。方法:将雄性SD大鼠随机分为C组(对照组)、C S组(对照加游泳运动组)、R组(规则光—电刺激组)、I组(不规则刺激组,)、I S组(不规则光—电刺激加游泳运动组),建立运动对光—电刺激大鼠慢性心理应激影响模型。结果:慢性心理应激过程中,随着应激程度的提高,延髓心血管中枢的头端腹外侧区及孤束核ET含量逐渐下降,ETmRNA的表达变化方向与ET一致,提示慢性心理应激可导致中枢内相关部位ET表达的下调;与ET的变化趋势不同,应激程度的提高可使延髓心血管中枢的头端腹外侧区及孤束核ET受体ETR—A含量逐渐提高,游泳运动使受体的含量与ET含量更趋于合理,可防止在慢性心理应激过程中枢相关部位的过度兴奋或抑制,维持其调节心血管活动的正常功能。