基于科学论证的科技论文初审探究

编辑初审作为三审制度的第一道关口,责任重大.科技期刊编辑对于各学科特点及科技论文论证方法、写作范式较为熟悉,本文认为应将这种编辑思维的优势融入初审过程中,从科技论文的写作范式入手并以科学论证为基础,从验证手段、方法对比、结果分析、结论的意义几个方面对来稿进行初审,考察论文的学术创新性.只有做好工作笔记,反复对比实践,才能获得更好的初审效果.     

Factors Related to the Extent of Mortality among Home Economics Students in Certain Colleges of Minnesota,Wisconsin and Iowa during 1943-50

Because of low verbal skills exhibited by deaf subjects and because of earlier research results linking verbal behavior to aesthetic behavior, this preliminary investigation sought to lay some groundwork for an empirical study of the relationship between these two ordering systems. This study states the postulates upon which our working paradigm is based and presents the results of a correlational analysis of syntactic and aesthetic preference scores of ninety-two deaf high school students (both profoundly deaf and legally deaf). The results appear to corroborate earlier findings linking syntactic and aesthetic behavior. The study suggests the direction for an experimental study which is now in operation under a university grant.     

The Effects of Prior-knowledge and Online Learning Approaches on Students’ Inquiry and Argumentation Abilities

This study investigated the effects of students’ prior science knowledge and online learning approaches (social and individual) on their learning with regard to three topics: science concepts, inquiry, and argumentation. Two science teachers and 118 students from 4 eighth-grade science classes were invited to participate in this research. Students in each class were divided into three groups according to their level of prior science knowledge; they then took either our social- or individual-based online science learning program. The results show that students in the social online argumentation group performed better in argumentation and online argumentation learning. Qualitative analysis indicated that the students’ social interactions benefited the co-construction of sound arguments and the accurate understanding of science concepts. In constructing arguments, students in the individual online argumentation group were limited to knowledge recall and self-reflection. High prior-knowledge students significantly outperformed low prior-knowledge students in all three aspects of science learning. However, the difference in inquiry and argumentation performance between low and high prior-knowledge students decreased with the progression of online learning topics.     

法律方法之运用探析——以许霆案为例

法律方法对于法治具有重要的意义,在一定程度上可以限制法官的恣意审判。法律方法也是法官必须掌握的一种工具,有利于实现司法的公正和判决结果的合理性。在某些疑难案例中,法律方法的正确运用显得至关重要。本文结合许霆案,对法律方法的运用进行全方位分析,以期探求在应对疑难案件时的运用思路和方法。     

小型均质土坝的安全鉴定方法与综合评价

通过对某水库运行以来存在的各种问题,结合土工试验和调查资料,从防洪标准复核、渗流安全分析、结构安全复核、现场调查等方面对该水库的安全状况进行了分析评价,本文可为同类工程提供参考。     

顾鼎臣中庸首章经筵解读

从训诂学和阐释学的角度出发,对顾鼎臣《中庸首章讲义》进行研究,旨在结合具体历史事实的基础上研讨经典时代性解读问题的重要性。通过对此问题分析,发现经典文本存在传统解释、从当下出发的时代性诠释和在传统解释与时代性诠释的＂视野融合＂。此三种方式在对经典文本的创造性解读上,可以对经典的现代性诠释起到积极作用。     

类比法与归谬法的比较研究

类比法与归谬法是两种既有联系又有区别的逻辑推理方法。它们之间在构成的心理基础、客观依据以及论证模式、借助手法等方面相同;在建构方法的复杂程度、语用效果、语用策略、语用风格等方面有区别。区分类比法与归谬法的同异,目的在于在论证中更好地运用这两种方法,使论证更具有说服力。     

The role of knowledge in participatory and pluralistic approaches to ESE

The purpose of this article is to investigate in situ the functions that knowledge has when used by students in argumentative discussions. The study is based on Dewey’s pragmatic perspective of knowledge, which means that knowledge gets its meaning in the activity at hand. The analyses are conducted using Transactional Argumentation Analysis, which is a combination of pragmatic meaning analysis and Toulmin’s argument pattern. The empirical material consists of video-recorded lessons from two seminars in a Swedish upper secondary school. The results show that knowledge plays a crucial role in the discussions. Six different functions are identified: emphasising complexity, clarifying and correcting, highlighting conflicting interests, providing evidence in a counterargument, predicting the consequences and adding support to an earlier claim. Knowledge also has general functions, such as justifying a claim, and is part of a collective process aimed at understanding the issues discussed. Further, the students use knowledge from different disciplines, such as environmental studies, history, politics, biology and human geography.     

非计算机专业计算机教学初探

针对目前高校非计算机专业的教学现状出发,计算机课就应从知识型转向应用型,教学活动应上升到系统层次,以改革促进教学.     

《文选》不录"说"体辨——"说"的文体辨析与小说的形成

“说”作为文体有七种形态:解说、论说、小说、诸事、叙说、辩说、上书。其各自的文体特点,或说理、或以叙事说理、或叙事,其行进路线由说理至以叙事说理、至单纯叙事,就成为小说。《文心雕龙》与《文选》所述为狭义的“说”,视“说”有两种形态:“辩说”与“上书”。《文选》不录“辩说”,其原因在于认定它未独立成篇章,又不可“剪截”。