Surgical management of gastric stump cancer： a report of 37 cases

Objective: To observe the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric stump cancer (GSC) and evaluate the benefits of radical surgery of GSC. Methods: The clinicopathological characteristics and postoperative survival time of 37 GSC patients who underwent surgery were investigated retrospectively. The survival time was compared according to the type of surgical pTMN stage. Survival curves were traced by using Kaplan-Meier methods. Results: Most GSC (32/37) was detected in patients who had received Billroth Ⅱ reconstruction after partial gastrectomy for benign gastric disease. The lesser curvature side and the suture line of anastomosis were the most frequent sites where GSC occurred (27/37). Differentiated adenocarcinoma was the dominant histopathological type (24/37). The postoperative 5-year survival rate of early stage GSC patients (n=9) was significantly higher than advanced stage GSC (n=12) (55.6% vs 16.5%, xL2=1 1.48, P＜0.01). Five-year survival rate of 21 GSC patients with radical resection were 75% (3/4) for stage Ⅰ, 60% (3/5) for stage Ⅱ, 14.2% (1/7) for stage Ⅲ, and 0% (0/5) for stage Ⅳ respectively.The median survival time of 21 GSC patients who underwent radical resection was longer than those undergoing palliative operation (43.0m vs 13.0m, xL2=36.31, P＜0.01), the median survival time of stage Ⅳ patients with radical resection was 23.8months. Conclusions: Without remote metastasis, radical resection for GSC is possible, and is an effective way to improve the prognosis of GSC. Even in stage Ⅳ GSC, radical resection can still prolong the survival time. It is necessary for the patients with benign gastric diseases who received partial gastrectomy to carry out the endoscopy follow-up, especially in patients with Billroth Ⅱ reconstruction procedure at 15-20 years.     

静默疗法对肿瘤化疗病人恶心、呕吐的防治作用

目的探索静默疗法对肿瘤化疗副反应的作用。方法将300例进行化学治疗的肿瘤病人随机分为对照组和试验组,每组各150例病人。对照组进行治疗时,只用常规的恩丹西酮预防恶心、呕吐等副作用;而试验组除了用恩丹西酮外,在受过专门训练护理人员的指导下用静默疗法辅助治疗来预防恶心、呕吐等副作用。结果试验组胃肠道等副反应控制率为57%,与对照组(43%)比较,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论静默疗法有减轻或防止化疗药物引起的胃肠道反应等副反应的作用。     

A Comparative Study of Bone Scan Findings and Serum Levels of Tumor Marker CA15-3 in Patients with Breast Carcinoma

Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in the world. Available staging procedures to detect breast cancer are bone scan, chest X-ray, liver ultrasonography, computerized tomography, estimation of tumor markers like carbohydrate antigen (CA15-3) and carcino embryonic antigen. These procedures are expensive and may not be required in all cases. Out of 70 patients studied, 55 had normal CA15-3 and 15 had elevated levels of Ca15-3. Eight (14.5%) of the 55 patients with normal CA15-3 had abnormal bone scan. Fifteen patients had CA15-3 levels above the normal range and among these 9 (60%) had abnormal bone scan. While prime facie it would appear that a high level of CA15-3 correlate with abnormal bone scan, it is also true that the numbers are small at present and conclusions about the validity of CA15-3 as marker of bone metastasis may be premature.     

Comparative features of colorectal and gastric cancers with microsatellite instability in Chinese patients

Objective  

The purpose of this study was to determine the unique and universal features of microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC) and MSI-H gastric cancer (GC) in the Chinese population.     

Science Letters：IGFBP7 plays a potential tumor suppressor role against colorectal carcinogenesis with its expression associated with DNA hypomethylation of exon 1

Insulin-like growth factor binding-protein-7 （IGFBP7） was obtained from our previous colonic adenocarcinoma （CRC） and normal mucosa suppression subtraction hybridization （SSH） cDNA libraries. By RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, we found that IGFBP7 was overexpressed in CRC tissue compared to normal tissue. However, our in vitro experiments performed in 10 CRC cell lines showed that IGFBP7 expressed only in SW480 and Caco2 cell lines, which implied an underlying reversible regulatory mechanism. Using methylation-specific PCR （MSP） and bisulfite sodium PCR （BSP）, we found that its expression was associated with DNA hypomethylation of exonl. This was further supported by the in vitro study which showed restored IGFBP7 expression after demethylation agent 5-aza-2＇-deoxycytidine treatment. Correlation analysis between IGFBP7 expression and prognosis indicated that overexpression of IGFBP7 in CRC tissue correlated with favourable survival. Investigation of the functional role of IGFBP7 through transfection studies showed that IGFBP7 protein could inhibit growth rate, decrease colony formation activity, and induce apoptosis in RKO and SW620 cells, suggesting it a potential tumor suppressor protein in colorectal carcinogenesis. In conclusion, our study clearly demonstrated that IGFBP7 plays a potential tumor suppressor role against colorectal carcinogenesis and its expression is associated with DNA hypomethylation of exon 1.     

美国重要癌症基金资助现状分析

本文综合美国主要癌症基金过去7年中对癌症项目的资助情况,从项目的领域分布、项目的数量变化、项目的类型分布、癌症种类情况等多个角度,分析美国癌症基金的资助现状和特点,对了解和把握国外癌症研究方向有借鉴意义,同时为我国癌症基金工作提供有益思路。     

自由基与肺癌发病机制

肺癌是严重影响人类健康的疾病,其发病机制目前尚未阐明.自由基医学是近年来兴起的一门交叉学科,本文对自由基在吸烟、职业烟尘微粒、金属离子、石英、石棉等理化因素致肺癌过程中的发病机制进行探讨.     

光敏疗法治疗口腔癌15例报告

应用光敏疗法治疗口腔癌１５例，其中ＣＲ１例，ＰＲ８例，ＭＲ４例，ＮＲ２例，总有效率为６０％（ＣＲ＋ＰＲ），观察表明对浅表肿瘤疗效较好     

乳腺癌耐受蛋白介导5-氟脲嘧啶的耐受及机制探讨

AIM To filtrate breast cancer resistance protein(BCRP)-mediated resistance agents and investigate the mechanism,so as to provide valuable datum for optimization clinical chemotherapy scheme to tumor with evaluation marker of BCRP expression. METHODS MTT assay was used to filtrate BCRP-mediated resistance agents with PA317/Tet-on/TRE-BCRP cell of different expression levels of BCRP after treated with different concentration anticancer agents. High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was applied to measure relative dose of intracellular retention resistance agents. Nuclear DNA fluorescence dye,Hochest 33258, staining and flow cytometry were adopted to detect apoptotic cells after treated with drugs. RESULTS There were shown increasing durg-resistance to 5-fluorouracil,methotrexate, doxirubicin, pirarubicin,etoposide and mitoxantrone followed with increasing expression of BCRP on PA317/Tet-on/TRE-BCRP cells(P＜0.05, n=3),but shown sensitive to paclitaxel, cisplatin, vincristine, mitomycin and vindesine. There also was shown significant negative correlation between the intracellular retention dose of 5-fluorouracil with different expression of BCRP(r=-0.885, P＜0.05, n=3).There were shown parallel results of that decreasing cellular apoptotic rate with increasing cellular expression of BCRP after treated with 5-fluorouracil by fluorescence dye staining and flow cytometry(P＜0.05, n=3),and also shown significate rise of the apoptotic rate of BCRP expression cells after treated with Ko143 (P＜0.05, n=3). Every group of cells could be different extently blocked in phase of G0/G1 treated with 5-fluorouracil. CONCLUSION Resistance of 5-fluorouracil could be especially mediated by conjugated with BCRP and acted as drug exclude-pump substrate. Cellular ability resistant to 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis could be reinforced by BCRP expression.     

Diagnostic and prognostic value of the urinary excretion of beta-aminoisobutyric acid in patients with urinary bladder cancer

Urinary excretion of beta-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIB), was determined in 28 active and 12 inactive bladder cancer patients. Mean excretion of BAIB was higher in active cancer patients-187.8 mg/24 hours whereas it was 120.4 mg/24 hours in inactive cancer patients. The increased BAIB excretion in both disease groups was independent of tumour stage. BAIB appears to be a useful diagnositic aid in the assessment of bladder cancer patients.