举重运动员赛前体重控制方法论

举重比赛是按运动员体重级别进行的,如何科学有效的控制运动员赛前体重,同时,又不影响运动员成绩的发挥,是举重界一直关心的问题。因此,提出合理的赛前快速减体重的方法为运动员的成绩能更稳定的发挥,教练员在赛前及时了解,掌握运动员降体重后对体能的影响提出建议与参考。     

面向社区的减肥降脂运动处方的实验研究

肥胖是高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常和某些骨关节病的温床,是社区居民的大敌。减肥已不仅仅是为了追求体型好看的问题了,更重要的是关乎国民健康、寿命和生活质量的问题。开发和应用面向社区大众的减肥降脂运动处方,使居民在明确什么是健康、什么是当代的身体文明的基础上,学会运用减肥降脂运动处方进行科学减肥和控制身体脂肪率。在认真研究减肥原理、总结我校减肥经验、分析中老年居民的实际情况后,开发了面向社区中老年人的减肥降脂运动处方,并且对运动处方进行了三轮实验研究。靶心率的确定采用的是简便易行的二次台阶试验法,试验前先进行“PAR-Q”问卷调查。体脂率的测量统一采用HBF-305型OMRON身体脂肪测量器。实验统计分析表明,此运动处方设计合理、安全可靠、针对性和灵活性较强、简便实用、应用效果好,不仅40—59岁的社区居民可以采用,还可以适当扩大其使用范围。     

对中外优秀女子足球运动员不同位置的身高、体重、年龄特征的对比与分析

通过对2007年女足世界杯中国球员与世界优秀球员的身高、体重、年龄的对比分析,结果发现：中国球员3项指标处于亚洲领先地位,但与世界欧、美优秀球员相比在体重和年龄方面还有明显的差距;其中守门员3项指标都达到或超过了世界优秀女子守门员的平均水平;后卫球员身高处于世界领先地位,但体重过轻,年龄显示其处在竞技最佳形成阶段;中场球员的身高和年龄指标都达到世界先进水平,体重指标上还与同位置欧、美球员存在差距;前锋球员其平均身高处于世界领先地位且身高较统一,体重和年龄指标方面特征同后卫球员反映一致。     

省青少年比赛中篮球裁判员运动强度影响因素的研究

探讨比赛中篮球裁判员心率与年龄和体重等指标的关系;进一步比较不同级别篮球裁判员在比赛中生理指标的变化特征。对不同级别裁判员的赛中心率变化分析表明：在省青少年篮球比赛中,裁判级别对心率分布、最高心率和平均心率等指标无明显影响。相关分析表明篮球裁判员在省青少年比赛中的心率指标与年龄、体重以及级别之间无相关关系。     

2008—2009赛季CBA常规赛运动员身高、体重、年龄与运动成绩的相关性研究

运用文献资料法、数理统计法,对参加2008—2009赛季CBA常规赛比赛运动员的身高、体重、年龄等指标与运动成绩相关性进行比较分析。结果表明：CBA不同位置运动员的平均年龄、身高、体重和克托莱指数存在显著性差异;CBA常规赛不同名次运动员平均身高、体重、年龄和克托莱指数在前8名球队较为合理,顺应现代篮球运动的发展潮流。此结果可为中国篮球各级运动队的科学选材和训练提供借鉴与参考。     

智能化超等长阻力训练系统的研究与实现

通过在现有的重量训练器材上加装位移传感器,并研发相应的数据实时采集与诊断分析系统,以监测训练过程中力量、位移、速度、功率等参数,实时反馈给使用者,为实时监控和评价运动员的训练负荷和强度提供科学的依据,实现了超等长阻力训练的数字化和智能化.     

女子横板弧快类打法接发球连得两分组合特点研究

对世界女子主流打法弧快类对阵弧快类和快弧类打法的比赛录像进行观察,研究接发球连胜两分的情况下接发球运动员对落点的控制、正反手使用率;在第一分得分的情况下,第二个接发球技战术.结果显示:女子接发球反手使用率高于正手,但不存在显著性差异;在先胜一分的情况下,第二个接发球得分中,接抢段得分率明显提高,且存在显著性差异;反手斜线配合反手斜线、反手直线配合正手直线等是比较常用且有效的路线配合方式.     

2008-2009年全国女排联赛运动员非技术性指标研究

采用文献资料法、数理统计法等,对2008年奥运会前8名球队女排队员与中国俱乐部女排队员的年龄、身高、扣球高度和拦网高度等非技术性指标进行研究,结果显示：俱乐部女排队员的平均身高和扣球高度已达到世界强队的平均水平,拦网高度明显高于世界强队平均水平,队员比较年轻,结构合理,克托莱指数明显低于世界强队的平均水平。各俱乐部之间队员的非技术性指标也存在差异。     

Sport-based physical activity intervention on body weight in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis

Controversial results reported in past research pertaining to the effectiveness of sport-based physical activity interventions on weight loss. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of sport-based physical activity intervention on body weight in children and adolescents using a meta-analysis. Academic Search Complete, Education Source, ERIC, Medline, ProQuest, PsycINFO and SportDiscus databases were searched from January 2000 to April 2015. Eighteen studies met following inclusion criteria: sport-based intervention studies; subjects aged 6–18 years; reported body weight; published in peer-reviewed journals written in English. The mean intervention duration was 17.72 weeks. The overall effect size (ES) was 0.52 (Cohen’s d (ES) = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.08, 0.95, P = 0.021), using a random effects model. Moderator analyses results showed that the Q statistic for the sport type (individual sport or team sport, Qbetween (Q_b) = 14.52, df = 1, P = 0.001) and diet control (Qbetween (Q_b) = 8.85, df = 1, P = 0.001), explained the heterogeneity of ESs. Our study showed that there was a moderate overall effect of sport-based physical activity intervention on body weight reduction. The team sport type (ES = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.44, 1.66) and diet control group (ES = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.26, 1.41) appeared to be more effective in reducing body weight.     

Light-load maximal lifting velocity full squat training program improves important physical and skill characteristics in futsal players

This study aimed to compare the effect of 6 weeks of resistance training or combined resistance training and change of direction exercises on physical performance and motor skills in futsal players. Thirty-four futsal players were divided into full squat group (SG, n = 12), combined full squat and change of direction exercises group (S+CDG, n = 12) and control group (CG, n = 10). The resistance training for SG consisted of full squat with low load (~45–58% 1RM) and low volume (4–6 repetitions), whereas the S+CDG performed the same resistance training program combined with loaded change of direction. Sprint time in 10 and 20 m, change of direction test, countermovement vertical jump (CMJ) height, maximal strength and force–velocity relationship in full squat exercise, kicking speed ball (BS_mean) and repeated sprint ability (RSA_mean) were selected as testing variables. Both experimental groups showed significant improvements for CMJ, BS_mean and all strength parameters. Only SG resulted in significant sprint gains, whereas S+CDG also achieved significant improvements in RSA_mean. The CG remained unchanged after training period. No significant differences were found between both experimental groups. These findings suggest that only 12 sessions of either lightweight resistance training alone, lifting the load at maximal intended velocity or combined with change of direction exercises is enough to improve several physical and skills capacities critical to futsal performance in adult players.