Evaluation of adverse drug reaction formatting in drug information mobile phone applications

Objective:To evaluate the differences in presentation (formatting) of adverse drug reaction (ADR) information within drug monographs in commonly used drug information (DI) mobile device applications.Methods:A cross-sectional analysis of ADR formatting of twenty commonly prescribed oral medications within seven DI mobile applications was performed. Databases were assessed for ADR information, including presence of placebo comparisons, severity of ADR, onset of ADR, formatting of ADRs in percentile (quantitative) format or qualitative format, whether references were used to cite information, and whether ADRs are grouped by organ system. Data was collected by two study investigators and discrepancies were resolved via consensus.Results:The seven DI mobile applications varied significantly on every analyzed ADR variable with the exception of ADR onset, which was absent in all databases. Significant differences were found for variables known to impact clinical judgment such as placebo comparisons and qualitative versus quantitative formatting. Placebo comparisons were most common among monographs in Lexicomp (30%) but were absent among monographs within other applications. Quantitative information was commonly used in most databases but was absent in Epocrates. Qualitative formatting was present in all Epocrates and Micromedex applications but absent in the majority of other applications. Substantial variations were also found in severity and grouping information.Conclusion:Substantial variation in ADR formatting exists among the most common DI mobile applications. These differences may translate into alternative interpretations of medical information and thus impact clinical judgment. Health care librarians and clinicians should consider ADR formatting when choosing between DI applications.     

具有输入饱和的非线性广义时滞系统的H∞控制

研究一类具有输入饱和的非线性广义时滞系统的H∞控制问题.使用线性矩阵不等式方法和Lyapunov稳定性理论给出该系统具有H∞范数约束γ的充分条件,并给出一种H∞控制器的设计方法.运用一个数值算例来说明本文方法的有效性.     

复句结构三题

多重复句中的分句或分句组间存在着两种结构关系交叉、重叠的现象，且常有显性与隐性之分；把句法、语义、修辞结合起来分析复句是必要的，三维方法对教学与科研都是适用的；分号在书面语中，在构造多重复句和体现其各部分间的结构关系、显示其不同的结构层次方面，起着重要的作用。     

挪威高等教育质量与学位改革分析

挪威签署《博洛尼亚宣言》后,加速了高等教育质量改革,建立了新学位制度。其改革既有高等教育体制本身的原因,又受欧洲高等教育一体化及国际化的影响。其发展有着自身的特点,有助于系统地提高挪威高等教育质量与推进其国际化。     

论《型世言》对话本体制的突破

《三言》、《二拍》将话本体制进一步固定，《型世言》与《三言》、《二拍》几为同一时期的拟话本集，但在体制上却没有固守原有的话本体制，而是进行了大胆的突破。这些突破较早地代表了明末尤其是清初以后的拟话本体制发展趋势，在拟话本发展史上具有一 定的意义。本文在指出突破的同时，也分析了造成这些突破的各种原因。     

香草醛缩色氨酸与稀土镧、钕、钐、铈配合物的合成及表征

合成了香草醛缩色氨酸席夫碱(简写为L)及其稀土La(III)、Nd(III)、Sm(III)、Ce(III)配合物,通过元素分析、摩尔电导、差热-热重分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱等手段.确定配合物为KRe(H2O)(NO3)·2H2O(Re=La,Nd,Sm,Ce).     

基于BIM的结构钢筋与机电系统翻模研究——以福州市规划院产业楼为例

基于建筑信息模型（Building Information Modeling, BIM)）概念,以福州市规划设计研究院新建大楼为实际案例,应用Autodesk Revit软件将原有CAD图纸进行BIM结构钢筋和机电模型建置,并提出BIM技术虚拟仿真过程中发现的问题。研究结果表明:（１）BIM技术可实际解决工程常常出现钢筋复杂节点、机电管道碰撞的问题;（２）机电系统进行Revit翻模时,不能按原CAD路径绘制,族库不全需建族完善。该研究成果可为后期施工决策提供技术支持,并有助于相关行业人士学习与借鉴。     

The impact of e-book interactivity design on children's Chinese character acquisition

This study examined the impact of e-book interactivity design on the learning of Chinese characters by fourth graders (10-year-old children). This study was guided by two main questions: (1) Are there any differences in achievements (Chinese character writing, lexical comprehension, and lexical usage) between groups of young learners who read e-books with different interactivity levels? and (2) Are there any differences in motivation (attention, confidence, relevance, and satisfaction) between groups of young learners who read e-books with different interactivity levels? This study was an experimental design where the independent variable was the interactivity design of digital books. A sample of 99 fourth graders participated in the study and participants were randomly assigned into these two groups, with one group reading an e-book with a low level of interactivity (pace-control only) and the other reading an e-book with a high level of interactivity (sequence- and media-control). Participants were asked to complete a pre-test first, and then they read their assigned e-books for 30 minutes. After they finished reading, they were given a post-test. The results showed a reverse interactivity effect, that is, the group reading the e-book with the low level of interactivity (pace-control only) performed significantly better in Chinese character writing, attention, and satisfaction. This might be due to young learners' limited cognitive capacity and processing ability for learning with hypermedia. This study aims to expand on existing theories on interactive learning for young learners and serves as a reference for elementary school teachers and e-book publishers.     

Open Source software in US higher education: Reality or illusion?

As institutions of Higher Education try to balance limited resources with the rising costs of technology, some institutions are turning to Open Source software for campus-wide applications such as course management systems and portals. The assumption is that Open Source will provide the flexibility to build pedagogically sound learning environments while increasing technology efficiencies. This paper outlines the current state of Open Source software deployment in US Higher Education based on a survey of 772 Chief Academic Officers and Chief Information Officers conducted in 2006. The results indicate that Carnegie classification is a critical differentiator of awareness, adoption, and perceptions of Open Source software applications, with perceived cost of ownership being the key driver of Open Source adoption. Moreover, the study shows that institutions have made little progress in the development of polices and procedures for Open Source regulatory compliance and security. The study serves as a baseline for future research into the conditions for successful use of Open Source for supporting integrated learning environments that deliver campus-wide efficiencies.

基于复杂网络理论的担保网络风险传播模式

担保作为企业获取贷款的一种方式,扮演着重要的角色,但也隐藏着巨大的风险.本文基于企业间担保关系构建担保网络,利用复杂网络相关理论对担保网络进行基本指标测度,并基于SI模型提出担保网络的风险传播模式,给出衡量担保网络抵御风险能力的稳态风险密度和风险传播速度的定义.利用某金融机构的真实数据对模型进行了验证,发现网络的拓扑结构决定网络抵御风险的能力,不同的风险传染源对风险的传播速度和范围影响不同.这也启示银行在发放贷款前,除做好对企业的征信工作外,还需要考虑可能会对整个担保网络造成的影响.