Pedagogical Agents as Learning Companions: The Role of Agent Competency and Type of Interaction

This study was designed to examine the effects of the competency (low vs. high) and interaction type (proactive vs. responsive) of pedagogical agents as learning companions (PALs) on learning, self-efficacy, and attitudes. Participants were 72 undergraduates in an introductory computer-literacy course who were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: Low-Proactive, Low-Responsive, High-Proactive, and High-Responsive. Results indicated a main effect for PAL competency. Students who worked with the high-competency PAL in both proactive and responsive conditions achieved higher scores in applying what they had learned and showed more positive attitudes toward the PAL. However, students who worked with the low-competency PAL reported significantly enhanced self-efficacy beliefs in the learning tasks. Also, there was a main effect far PAL interaction type. A proactive PAL had a significantly positive impact on recall. These different results on learning and motivational outcomes suggest that the competency and interaction type of a PAL should be designed according to the desired learning and motivational goals.     

相互作用理论与图书馆服务

物理学上力的作用是相互的 ,力的作用总是成对出现 ,同时产生 ,同时消失。图书馆服务与读者之间也是相互影响 ,相互作用的。读者的需求决定了图书馆的机构设置、业务内容、制度安排、服务方式等等 ,反过来图书馆的服务范围和服务水平的高低又会影响读者利用图书馆兴趣和学习的效果。图书馆应重视图书馆与读者的相互作用关系 ,进一步改进图书馆的服务     

服务机器人多通道人机交互感知反馈工作机制及关键技术

With the increasing of the elderly population and the growing health care cost, the role of service robots in aiding the disabled and the elderly is becoming important.Many researchers in the world have paid much attention to healthcare robots and rehabilitation robots.     

C语言中printf函数的功能注解

pfinff函数是C语言中常用的输出函数，文中详细介绍了pfinff函数的功能，同时给出了在使用过程中需要注意的事项，便于读者在今后能准确有效地使用该函数。     

反思·定位·回归：论“教学认识论”

教学本体观是进行具体教学理论建构、评价与讨论的理论基础,也是教学实践的预设前提或“缄默的知识”。基于教学存在的建构交往观,作对近期有关教学认识论的研究所涉及的若干重要理论问题进行了剖析与讨论,指出并论证了现存教学本质“特殊认识说”及其衍生理论“教学认识论”所存在的重大理论缺陷,分析了其所存在问题的性质、理论失误的根源和学科发展的未来取向,认为其根本出路在于现存理论的合理定位和向本体论的回归。     

试论《易传》与古代书法艺术的同构关系

《易传》作为公认的哲学著作 ,其中包含着深刻的美学艺术原理 ,因此它对我国传统的文艺理论产生了深远的影响。具体到书法艺术上也是如此 ,故在此从字体的演变、结构以及书法理论史三个方面初步探讨了书法艺术与《易传》的同构关系 ,并且认为传统的书法艺术理论直接受到了《易传》阴阳互动理论和“通变”思想的影响。     

人格对话:语文教学的时代诠释

教学对话是当代社会对话精神的呼唤在教育领域的回应。由于语文学科知识的社会性综合性、语文教师比其他学科教师更多地触及人性人格、语文教学具有很强的人文性特质 ,故语文教学中的对话是人格对话。这种对话在教学中主要理解为教学伦理上的平等关系 ,教学方式上的互动关系 ,“文本化”的课本观。     

Experimental Study of Structure Shock Vibration in Soil Caused by Explosion of Conventional Weapons

When hitting underground structures directly or exploding in rock-soil media near underground structures, the conventional weapons with large charge weight will make underground structures be subjected to strong shock vibration and cause personal casualty and damage of precision electronic equipments. The shock vibration has become one of the cardinal killing means of weapons. However, the existing methods of predicting structure shock vibration are limited evidently. In this paper the coupling coefficient of acceleration in clayey soil is obtained firstly. Subsequently based on repeated experiments of chemical explosion, after dimension analysis and by using method of multivariate stepwise regression, the calculation formulae of shock vibration acceleration for the underground structure are obtained finally. The formulae consider top and side explosion respectively, taking into account the effects of penetration depth, charge weight, distance to explosion center, rock-soil media, size of structure and buried depth. They are easy to use with high practicability and degree of confidence, and can provide credible evidence for prediction of shock vibration and vibration isolating design of underground structure.     

课堂互动与二语学习的关系

课堂互动为二语学习者提供了类似母语的教学环境，增加了学习者的可理解输入，有利于二语学习。对课堂互动中教师话语、纠错方式，国外有不少实证研究。课堂互动的实施方式以任务型教学、小班授课和小组活动为主。课堂互动是二语学习的方式之一，但不是惟一的方式。同时这种方式并不适合各种层次的学习者。了解这一点对我们英语教师十分必要。     

增强现实产品发展方向研究

通过对AR产品现状与发展趋势分析,从技术因素、保持消费平滑过渡原则、串并行发展策略与市场前期目标等方面,阐述AR产品的迭代进化路径。分别对AR几类主要产品存在的问题进行分析。结合5G、AR云在AR技术上的普及应用,AR眼镜将成为下一代主流产品等现实情况,提出AR Glass仍具缺陷,裸眼3D全息显示更符合用户习惯,光场(Light Field)技术将扮演关键角色,可能将为AR技术甚至人类生活带来颠覆性变革的观点。