高校图书馆社会化服务中用户信用体系研究

[目的/意义]针对我国高校图书馆向校外用户提供借阅服务时收取押金的现象,寻求可覆盖大部分用户的免押金信用借阅体系。[方法/过程]分析高校图书馆所遇信用问题的产生原因,对比国内外高校图书馆面向校外读者的借阅制度。[结果/结论]在信息化社会中,高校图书馆社会化服务中的用户信用体系由用户信用信息体系、用户信用评价体系、用户失信惩罚制度、用户信用教育体系、信用风险转嫁机制等构成。     

Granularity of algorithmically constructed publication-level classifications of research publications: Identification of topics

The purpose of this study is to find a theoretically grounded, practically applicable and useful granularity level of an algorithmically constructed publication-level classification of research publications (ACPLC). The level addressed is the level of research topics. The methodology we propose uses synthesis papers and their reference articles to construct a baseline classification. A dataset of about 31 million publications, and their mutual citations relations, is used to obtain several ACPLCs of different granularity. Each ACPLC is compared to the baseline classification and the best performing ACPLC is identified. The results of two case studies show that the topics of the cases are closely associated with different classes of the identified ACPLC, and that these classes tend to treat only one topic. Further, the class size variation is moderate, and only a small proportion of the publications belong to very small classes. For these reasons, we conclude that the proposed methodology is suitable to determine the topic granularity level of an ACPLC and that the ACPLC identified by this methodology is useful for bibliometric analyses.     

Research universities on the ResearchGate social networking site: An examination of institutional differences,research activity level,and social networks formed

As one of the largest active academic social networking sites, ResearchGate (RG) has been utilized by scholars to share publications, seek collaborators, communicate work in progress, and build scholarly reputation. This study collects data from RG users from 61 U.S. research universities at different research activity levels, as categorized by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, to examine the impact of institutional differences on RG reputational metrics. The results confirm that RG is a research-oriented academic social networking site that closely and realistically mirrors the research activity level of institutions. With an increase in the research activity level of a university, its affiliated RG users tend to have higher RG scores, more publications and citations, and more profile views and followers, while the average number of reads of their publications and followees tend to be lower and fluctuant. In addition, RG users primarily follow others from institutions of a higher research activity level, forming virtual social networks centered around esteemed institutions. The study suggests academic social networks can serve as indicators in evaluation of research activities among research institutions, and such sites can be helpful and credible for acquiring resources, keeping informed about research, and promoting academic influence.     

信用违约互换及其定价模型

构建有效的信用违约互换定价模型,是信用违约互换研究的核心。针对核心问题。在信用违约互换基本原理的基础上,从信用违约互换的现金流出发,对信用违约互换的价值进行分析,并采用风险中性理论,根据面值挽回率的偿付结构得到信用违约互换定价的基本模型。     

基于标记树的XML文档自动分类研究

本文首先介绍了XML文档和DTD标记树的生成方法,并对标记树中节点的概念进行了扩充,使之不但包括元素,同时也包括连接符,以适应DTD结构的要求。随后将标记树中的元素分为共有元素、文档元素和DTD元素,并提出层次权重和结构权重以衡量元素的层次和结构复杂程度,给出具体计算方法。在此基础上提出了一个衡量XML文档和DTD之间相似度的算法,将其应用于XML文档自动分类中,并给出该算法的时间复杂度计算公式。从实验结果可以看出,该分类方法准确率较高。     

实质损害原则——美国信息隐私保护利益平衡原则

欧盟平衡个人信息隐私权和公共利益的原则是充分利益原则,只有在证明公共利益是充分必要时,才能适当减损个人信息隐私权;美国则更为重视信息自由流动的价值意义,在平衡个人信息隐私权与公共利益的冲突时,采取实质损害原则,保护个人信息隐私免于披露必须证明披露信息对个人造成实质损害或实质损害的威胁。本文在分析我国建设征信体系时所处的背景及所面临的主要矛盾后,建议借鉴美国信息隐私保护的利益平衡观,在个人信用信息的采集和利用方面,采取“宽进严出”的方式。     

论教师的专业境界

教师是学校持续发展的第一资源。研究教师专业素养的目的是确保教育质量。从教师个性特征、教师知识、教师职业道德、教师教育教学技能等方面展开了研究。但是,教师是否把专业活动理解成是实现人生价值的过程,深刻地影响着教师的教育活动质量。由此,提出重视教师境界有了现实意义。     

考虑碳排放成本的长江铁矿石运输研究

为降低钢铁企业采购和运输铁矿石的综合成本,考虑船型、航速和碳排放等因素,建立长江铁矿石运输的混合整数非线性规划模型。将模型中的非线性项转化为线性项,运用CPLEX求解器求解。针对CPLEX求解中大型规模算例的局限性,引入标准粒子群优化（particle swarm optimization, PSO）算法提高求解精度。针对标准PSO算法容易陷入局部最优的问题,提出一种基于自适应策略的改进PSO算法,动态调整惯性权重,提高算法的收敛性和全局寻优能力。通过数值实验发现,改进后的算法在全局寻优能力和收敛能力上有一定的提高。     

论高校图书馆对读者的诚信教育管理

高校图书馆实行开架借阅后,使读者在图书馆享受的自由权扩大了很多,然而却经常出现不尽人意的违规现象,针对如何从根本上抑制或减少违规现象的蔓延,提出了对高校读者进行诚信教育,签定诚信协议书,建立诚信管理档案等一系列措施,培养学生成为诚实守信的人。     

专业必修课弹性与创造性成长空间——以国内外五所高校计算机相关专业为例

培养方案弹性对于培养拔尖创新人才具有重要意义,但弹性却在国内高校培养方案必修课部分缺席.以文本分析和质性研究方法对国内外一流高校计算机相关专业培养方案进行比较、以半结构式访谈深入了解课程设置对学生学习的影响研究发现,麻省理工学院和卡内基?梅隆大学计算机科学专业培养方案的专业必修课弹性显著高于国内顶尖高校.研究提出,必修...