火电企业成本构成及控制措施的探讨

有效的成本控制是企业在激烈的市场竞争中取得成功的基本因素之一。但成本控制不仅仅是单纯的压缩成本,需要建立起科学合理的成本分析与控制系统,让企业的管理者清楚地掌握公司的成本构架、盈利情况,成为企业内部决策的关键支持,从根本上改善企业成本状况,从而真正实现有效的成本控制。     

论民间融资中虚假诉讼的法律规制

民间借贷的蓬勃发展,不仅使得某些中小企业打破了现有金融体制的束缚获得发展所必需的资金,还为民间的闲散资金找到了更为有利的出路,但也为某些别有用心的人提供了兴风作浪的土壤,虚假诉讼在民间借贷领域中高频发生给经济的发展和社会稳定带来了恶劣的影响,为了更加有效地促进民间借贷的健康发展,需要对民间借贷中存在的虚假诉讼加强法律规制。     

水利水电工程造价管理专业设置的必要性

水利水电工程造价管理专业是培养具有良好职业道德,掌握本专业必备理论知识的高端技术技能型人才.水利水电工程造价管理属于水利类专业的范畴,现阶段湖北省高职院校还没有设置相应的专业,设置本专业非常必要,本专业可以培养水利水电工程造价管理的综合素质人才,满足湖北省及长江流域对水利工程造价管理专业的人才需求.     

现阶段我国职业教育个人投资收益分析

文章将投资这一概念直接引入职业教育范畴。具体阐述了个人投资职业教育所产生的成本、收益以及投资职业教育所带来的相关风险,并提出合理控制成本,提高投资收益,有效规避风险的建设性意见。     

住宅小区体育设施建设成本分担研究

住宅小区体育设施不足已经成为制约我国开展“全民健身”运动的瓶颈,而住宅小区体育设施建设成本分担模糊,国家负担过重,个人分担不足,是造成我国住宅小区体育资源稀缺的关键。要改变这一现象,必须拓展多元的融资渠道、建立科学的投资经营体系以及加强监督管理。     

Are gait characteristics and ground reaction forces related to energy cost of running in elite Kenyan runners?

The aim of this study was to determine whether gait cycle characteristics are associated with running economy in elite Kenyan runners. Fifteen elite Kenyan male runners completed two constant-speed running sets on a treadmill (12 km ·h^?1 and 20 km ·h^?1). VO₂ and respiratory exchange ratio values were measured to calculate steady-state oxygen and energy cost of running. Gait cycle characteristics and ground contact forces were measured at each speed. Oxygen cost of running at different velocities was 192.2 ± 14.7 ml· kg^?1· km^?1 at 12 km· h^?1 and 184.8 ± 9.9 ml· kg^?1· km^?1 at 20 km· h^?1, which corresponded to a caloric cost of running of 0.94 ± 0.07 kcal ·kg^?1·km^?1 and 0.93 ± 0.07 kcal· kg^?1· km^?1. We found no significant correlations between oxygen and energy cost of running and biomechanical variables and ground reaction forces at either 12 or 20 km· h^?1. However, ground contact times were ~10.0% shorter (very large effect) than in previously published literature in elite runners at similar speeds, alongside an 8.9% lower oxygen cost (very large effect). These results provide evidence to hypothesise that the short ground contact times may contribute to the exceptional running economy of Kenyan runners.     

我国女性体育参与的文化解读与时代特征

我国女性在体育参与中相对于男性遭遇了很多不平等的现象,这些现象必然有其文化历史根源。通过文献梳理和逻辑分析,从意识形态层面的审美取向、形成意识形态的氏族制政治生态与形成政治生态的社会及人类进化论根源三个角度,对我国女性的体育参与特征进行剥离式解读,总结出女性参与体育的时代特征。同时从经济学的视角分析了女性体育参与的机会成本或许在短时间内不会降低到与男性相同的水平,但过去阻碍女性参与体育的桎梏将随时间一一消弭。     

Made in China: the cultural logic of OEMs and the manufacture of low‐cost technology

Abstract

This paper investigates the conditions of the manufacture of low‐cost technology in China with the examples of ‘pirated’ VCD players, ‘no‐name’ DVD players, and Shenzhen’s development as a techno‐urban city. It emphasizes the significance of the cultural logic of original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and argues that the various transformations and deflections that are derived from ubiquitous OEM experiences have gone beyond the original model of an authorized OEM, experiences that are to some extent embodied in the transgression of brand name and patent hegemonies, which are mainly controlled by high technology companies. OEMs have been associated with China’s current imperative and uninhibited development of low‐cost technology capitalism. ‘Made in China’ signifies the production of any product, legal or illegal, for transnational high technology giants or domestic technology manufacturers. Learning to ‘become an OEM’ in China has partly resulted in excessive technological mimesis that may be part of an unauthorized, underground economy that is based on low‐cost technology. Based on the Shenzhen experience, part of this study will show industrial production‐oriented OEM cultures in which illegal operations and counterfeit trade are incorporated, even in city projects that are shared by municipal governments and Chinese technological companies, and undergo spatial restructuring in the development of the economy, consumerism, and urbanism.     

高校学费依据教育培养成本收取的悖论

当前我国高校学费主要依据教育培养成本收取,但此举既缺乏理论依据,在实践操作中亦弊端百出。学费实质上是一种教育价格,学费收取的标准取决于高等教育价格的供求关系。即高等教育供给要求学费收取由政府定价为主逐步走向政府定价与学校自主定价相结合;高等教育需求要求学费价格应更多地考虑居民的经济承受能力。     

国家体育场投融资模式及赛后运营财务分析

综合运用文献资料调研、数理统计、归纳和演绎等方法,在回顾国家体育场投融资模式的基础上,阐述投融资模式对赛后运营的重要意义,并通过对国家体育场赛后一年和长期运营财务状况及特点进行分析,指出国家体育场在运营过程中存在的瓶颈问题,并提出相应的对策建议.