教育与社会阶层结构的互动关系分析

教育与社会阶层结构是一种非线性的互动关系。一方面，教育对社会阶层结构既有积极的影响又有消极的影响,这不仅发生在教育的纵向差异对社会分层和社会流动的影响上，而且也发生在教育的横向差异对社会分层和社会流动的影响上，另一方面。社会阶层结构也同样影响着教育的公平和受教育者的入学机会、学业成就等。而教育与社会阶层结构的这种双向互动关系则充分体现在弱势群体的社会流动与教育这一关系范畴中。     

幼儿园游戏活动形式特征及结构探析

幼儿园游戏活动形式各异,既相对独立又相互联系,体现出自由游戏自由度高、区域游戏选择性大、主题游戏综合性强;活动结构具有由低到高发展、活动层次具有逐级递进、活动内容具有交叉互补的鲜明特征;在此基础上,有目的、有意识地整合各种游戏活动,形成游戏形式自然地贯穿于幼儿一日活动的基本结构,实现游戏促进幼儿发展的整体功效。     

陕西方言中的"知道"与"知不到"

陕西方言中的“知道”是普通话“知道”的变读,它与陕西方言中的“知不道”没有必然联系。陕西方言中所说的“知不道”本该记作“知不到”,它是由汉语中表示可能和结果的用动补结构类推而来的。本文以陕南洋县话为例来说明这个问题。     

建筑结构质量缺陷与质量事故界定

主要从理论上界定质量缺陷和质量事故，并探讨减少质量缺陷、避免质量事故之对策。     

Reliability and validity of the Myotest® for measuring running stride kinematics

Accelerometer-based systems are often used to quantify human movement. This study’s aim was to assess the reliability and validity of the Myotest® accelerometer-based system for measuring running stride kinematics. Twenty habitual runners ran two 60 m trials at 12, 15, 18 and 21 km·h^?1. Contact time, aerial time and step frequency parameters from six consecutive running steps of each trial were extracted using Myotest® data. Between-trial reproducibility of measures was determined by comparing kinematic parameters from the two runs performed at the same speed. Myotest® measures were compared against photocell-based (Optojump Next®) and high-frequency video data to establish concurrent validity. The Myotest®-derived parameters were highly reproducible between trials at all running speeds (intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC): 0.886 to 0.974). Compared to the photo-cell and high-speed video-based measures, the mean contact times from the Myotest® were 34% shorter and aerial times were 64% longer. Only step frequency was comparable between systems and demonstrated high between-system correlation (ICC ≥ 0.857). The Myotest® is a practical portable device that is reliable for measuring contact time, aerial time and step frequency during running. In terms of validity, it provides accurate step frequency measures but underestimates contact time and overestimates aerial time compared to photocell- and optical-based systems.     

Accelerometer data requirements for reliable estimation of habitual physical activity and sedentary time of children during the early years - a worked example following a stepped approach

This study presents a worked example of a stepped process to reliably estimate the habitual physical activity and sedentary time of a sample of young children. A total of 299 children (2.9 ± 0.6 years) were recruited. Outcome variables were daily minutes of total physical activity, sedentary time, moderate to vigorous physical activity and proportional values of each variable. In total, 282 (94%) provided 3 h of accelerometer data on ≥1 day and were included in a 6-step process: Step-1: determine minimum wear-time; Step-2: process 7-day-data; Step-3: determine the inclusion of a weekend day; Step-4: examine day-to-day variability; Step-5: calculate single day intraclass correlation (ICC) (2,1); Step-6: calculate number of days required to reach reliability. Following the process the results were, Step-1: 6 h was estimated as minimum wear-time of a standard day. Step-2: 98 (32%) children had ≥6 h wear on 7 days. Step-3: no differences were found between weekdays and weekend days (P ≥ 0.05). Step-4: no differences were found between day-to-day variability (P ≥ 0.05). Step-5: single day ICC’s (2,1) ranged from 0.48 (total physical activity and sedentary time) to 0.53 (proportion of moderate to vigorous physical activity). Step-6: to reach reliability (ICC = 0.7), 3 days were required for all outcomes. In conclusion following a 7 day wear protocol, ≥6 h on any 3 days was found to have acceptable reliability. The stepped-process offers researchers a method to derive sample-specific wear-time criterion.     

社会转型加速期加强城市社区建设的意义

目前我国正处于社会转型加速期，在这一时期社会生活的各个方面，包括人们的劳动方式，生活方式，价值观念等都发生了深刻变化，带来了一系列问题，这在我国的城市社会尤为明显，加强城市社区建设将有助于解决社会转型过程中出现的某些问题，本文对此作以探讨。     

虚拟制造技术及其在制造业中的应用

从虚拟制造的形成背景,介绍了虚拟制造的特点、分类;并对虚拟制造的核心技术及理论体系等多方面进行详细阐述。最后就虚拟制造的应用和虚拟制造技术的发展潜力和国内外现状进行系统介绍。     

试析当前湖北劳动力素质结构

近年来，湖北经济增长率结束了长时期的下降而开始出现回升，经济发展的状况对全省劳动力就业形势构成了较大影响。表现为经济结构的调整带来了就业形势的变化，并进而影响劳动力素质结构的变化。     

构建以学习为中心的远程开放教育管理机制

远程开放教育是利用网络技术、多媒体技术等现代信息技术手段开展起来的新型教育形式。在“人才培养模式改革和开放教育试点”工作之中,笔者发现远程开放教育的管理机制的改革调整势在必行。本文对远程开放教育管理模式、组织结构、教学策略等管理体制做了有益的探讨。