Play in the Preschool Classroom: Its Socioemotional Significance and the Teacher’s Role in Play

The goals of this paper were two-fold. The first goal was to examine the emotional and social developmental value of play in the early childhood classroom. This issue is important because of the recent impetus for a more academic focus in early childhood classrooms, and questions about the developmental benefits of play. The second goal was to examine and discuss the role teachers could play in making play a developmental and educational experience. This is because understanding the significance of play could make teachers less apprehensive about using play to promote learning and development, and enable them answer questions regarding the value of play. Using these goals as a backdrop, this paper discussed views of children’s play; the defining characteristics of emotional and social development; play and the socioemotional development of children; and the role of early childhood teachers in children’s play.     

广西桂林儿童的文学阅读现状调查分析与策略

对广西桂林市五所小学进行问卷调查研究,结果表明儿童传统的阅读方式受到挑战,儿童不仅可以通过纸质文本阅读文学故事,还可以通过网络、电视和卡通漫画等电子传媒获得文学知识。网络、电视和卡通漫画等电子传媒组成了儿童文学阅读的新环境,积极利用这种新环境可以更加丰富儿童的文学素养,树立起正确的价值观和人生观。     

阅读与写作能力的互动原理及教学策略

阅读奠定写作的基础,写作提高阅读能力和阅读教学水平,这是阅读与写作的互动原理。要促成阅读与写作能力的共同提高增加教学效率,就一定要运用它们之间的互补机制促成的互动。而阅读与写作互动原理的实施,要求教师除了具备阅读和写作能力之外,还必须具备语文课程内容的整体观念。     

文本阅读中时间信息的加工及其对文本理解的影响

总结了当今阅读心理研究领域关于文本理解中时间信息的加工及其对文本理解影响的研究。     

建构主义理论教学模式下英语自主性阅读的研究

近年来,随着高考的改革,阅读理解在考试中所占的比例也扩大了,英语阅读教学的质量在一定程度上决定了英语教学的质量。我们需要培养学生阅读学习的的独立性和主动性,创设良好的教学环境和教学活动来激发他们的自主学习和合作学习精神。可见,提高学生的自主性阅读能力是非常重要的。本文使用建构主义理论来指导学生的英语自主阅读的研究。实践证明利用建构主义的课堂教学模式和课外的自主阅读的训练,是可以提高学生的自主阅读的能力的。     

从重大案件的审理论我国辩护制度的进步

《刑事诉讼法》修订之后我国辩护制度得到了完善：辩护律师在侦查阶段即可介入辩护;增加了辩护律师会见时不被监听的规定;辩护人查阅、摘抄、复制有关卷宗材料有了明确规定;增加了对辩护人或者其他人的禁止性规定.增加的这些规定使犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的辩护权有了更加完善的制度保证.     

Playful structure: a novel image of early years pedagogy for primary school classrooms

Playful structure is a new pedagogic image representing a more balanced and integrated perspective on early years pedagogy, aiming to blend apparent dichotomies and contradictions and to sustain and evolve play-based practice beyond Year 1. Playful structure invites teachers and children to initiate and maintain a degree of playfulness in the child’s whole learning experience, even when the learning intentions demand a supportive structure. Thus, playfulness becomes characteristic of the interaction between adult and the child and not just characteristic of child-initiated versus adult-initiated activities, or of play-time versus task-time. The paper is based on intensive observations and interviews with teachers in Northern Ireland who participated in a play-based and informal curriculum. This paper explains how playful structure rests on complementary processes of infusion of structure into play-based activities and infusion of playfulness into more structured activities, illustrated by cameos. ‘Infusion’ suggests the subtle blending process that allows apparent dichotomies and contradictions to be resolved in practice.     

Phonological awareness and reading speed deficits in reading disabled Greek‐speaking children

There is evidence that phonological awareness skills secure decoding ability and that phonological deficits underlie failure to acquire adequate word recognition. Slow word‐reading rate may be an additional defining characteristic of reading disability. The present study aimed to investigate whether: (1) reading disabled (RD) Greek‐speaking children showed reading accuracy and reading speed deficits relative to chronological age‐matched controls (CAC) and reading age‐matched controls (RAC); (2) they showed phonological deficits relative to the two control groups who do not present reading difficulties; and (3) they showed reading comprehension deficits over and above any word reading deficits.

Results suggested that the reading accuracy of the RD group was predictably weaker than that of the CAC group but equivalent to that of the RAC group. However, the reading speed of the RD group was significantly slower than the RAC group, who showed the same single word reading speed as the CAC group.

Slow and laboured decoding was found to compromise the reading comprehension of the RD group, whose listening comprehension performance was as good as the two other groups. The RD children performed poorly on phonological awareness tasks and naming speed. Naming speed was not an independent core feature of reading difficulties in the Greek language but was associated with a general phonological deficit.

It is recommended that diagnostic assessments for children with reading difficulties in Greek should include phonological awareness, single word reading and pseudoword reading tasks that measure both accuracy and speed.     

Identification of the patterns of Chinese character recognition in students with learning disabilities requiring Tier-2 support: a Rasch analysis

This study investigates the Chinese reading patterns of students with learning disabilities (LD). The performances of students with LD in reading the three categories of Chinese characters were particularly analysed: regular, irregular, and pseudo-characters. Fifty-three students with LD in reading and 44 students without LD of Year 4 were selected from five Hong Kong primary schools. Their abilities for reading Chinese characters were measured using Rasch analysis. Both types of students found regular characters as the easiest to read. Students without LD showed better performance in reading irregular characters than pseudo-characters, whereas students with LD exhibited no significant performance difference in reading these two categories. The implication of these results is that the students without LD might rely on using the orthographic processing than that of phonological processing to read. On the other hand, students with LD might not have the preference of using the orthographic processing.