新兴企业如何构建技术空间？技术能力组合的作用

新兴技术往往具有很大的不确定性、风险性和模糊性,在此情况下,新兴企业如何进行技术整合、探索新的技术领域;更具体地,这些企业如何构建自己的技术空间,到底是应该和行业的技术空间保持一致性呢,还是保持差异性？本文聚焦于"新兴企业如何构建技术空间"这一问题,从企业技术能力及其组合的角度切入,以489家战略性新兴产业企业为样本,研究发现,在不同的企业技术能力组合情境中,企业-行业的技术空间异质性对企业绩效具有差异化的影响。具体而言,在核心技术能力高、一般技术能力高的情境中,技术空间异质性对新兴企业绩效有显著的正向影响;在核心技术能力高、一般技术能力低的情境中,技术空间异质性与新兴企业绩效间呈倒U型关系;在企业核心技术能力低的情境中,无论新兴企业的一般能力是高还是低,技术空间异质性对新兴企业绩效均有显著的负向影响。本文的研究从技术能力组合的视角拓展了技术空间异质性的研究,也为新兴企业的技术空间构建问题提供启示。     

江苏省战略性新兴产业发展的金融支持研究*

战略性新兴产业的培育与发展离不开金融业的支持。但由于战略性新兴产业的自身特性及其金融需求与传统融资模式之间存在着一定的不匹配性,导致当下金融业在支持战略性 新兴产业发展上仍存在一些问题。本文在分析江苏省战略性新兴产业金融支持现状基础上,以22家江苏省战略性新兴产业上市公司为例建立面板数据模型,通过实证分析发现：留存收益融资和商业信用融资对江苏省战略性新兴产业发展起正向支持作用,而银行信用融资和股权融资对江苏省战略性新兴产业发展起负向支持作用,债券融资对江苏省战略性新兴产业发展的作用则不显著。总之金融对江苏省战略性新兴产业的支持作用尚未得到充分发挥,金融支持效率偏低。由此从政策性金融、银行信贷、资本市场以及风险投资等四个维度系统提出金融支持江苏省战略性新兴产业发展路径的政策建议。     

基于ANP-FCE的水利工程专业技术人才分类评价模型研究

水利事业发展进入新时代,对加快建设一支高素质专业化人才队伍提出更高的要求,然而我国人才评价机制存在一些问题,严重束缚人才的作用发挥。从专业技术人才的概念入手,分析人才评价研究现状及现存问题,构建包括品德、知识、能力、业绩和贡献在内的水利工程专业技术人才评价指标体系,针对不同类别人才设置评价侧重指标。运用ANP-模糊综合评价法搭建人才分类评价模型,借助Super Decision等软件计算各指标权重及评价结果,以此来评价和审视水利人才具有的综合素质,为水利人才的分类评价工作的可操作性提供依据。     

水利水电工程造价管理专业设置的必要性

水利水电工程造价管理专业是培养具有良好职业道德,掌握本专业必备理论知识的高端技术技能型人才.水利水电工程造价管理属于水利类专业的范畴,现阶段湖北省高职院校还没有设置相应的专业,设置本专业非常必要,本专业可以培养水利水电工程造价管理的综合素质人才,满足湖北省及长江流域对水利工程造价管理专业的人才需求.     

世界银行治理结构改革与中国的应对策略?

世界银行在全球经济治理中发挥着重要作用,但随着新兴经济体的崛起和近年来金融危机、债务危机频发,世界银行治理结构所存在的制度性缺陷显露无遗,相应改革势在必行。但是,由于世界银行具有公共组织与股份公司的双重属性,使得改革方向出现分歧,改革进程推进缓慢。从根本上说,世界银行改革中发达国家与发展中国家并不存在不可调和的利益冲突,在减贫等问题上双方存在着合作的基础。中国应积极推进世界银行治理结构改革：首先,必须明确“负责任、有作为的大国”定位,表现出推动改革的积极态度;其次,要紧密围绕“发展”主题,注重长远利益;再次,要加强对世界银行人事安排的参与;最后,要积极构建世界银行框架下发展中国家沟通与合作的正式协调机制。     

Shoe drop reduction influences the lower limb biomechanics of children tennis players during an open stance forehand: A longitudinal study

Compared to traditional tennis shoes, using 0-drop shoes was shown to induce an immediate switch from rear- to forefoot strike pattern to perform an open stance tennis forehand for 30% of children tennis players. The purpose of the study was to examine the long-term effects of a gradual reduction in the shoe drop on the biomechanics of children tennis players performing open stance forehands. Thirty children tennis players participated in 2 laboratory biomechanical test sessions (intermediate: +4 months and final: +8 months) after an inclusion visit where they were randomly assigned to control (CON) or experimental (EXP) group. CON received 12-mm-drop shoes twice, whereas EXP received 8?mm then 4-mm-drop shoes. Strike index indicated that all CON were rearfoot strikers in intermediate and final test sessions. All EXP were rearfoot strikers in intermediate test session, but half the group switched towards a forefoot strike pattern in final test session. This switch resulted in a decreased loading rate of the ground reaction force (?73%, p?=?.005) but increased peak ankle plantarflexors moment (+47%, p?=?.050) and peak ankle power absorption (+107%, p?=?.005) for these participants compared with CON. Biomechanical changes associated with the long-term use of partial minimalist shoes suggest a reduction in heel compressive forces but an increase in Achilles tendon tensile forces.     

A qualitative investigation of design knowledge reuse in project-based mechanical design courses

ABSTRACT

The interpretation and reuse of previous design solutions, or precedents, is central to design. This paper describes qualitative research conducted over three years at two institutions, aimed at investigating the role of design knowledge re-use in project-based mechanical design courses. Research data were collected through participant observation, student interviews, anonymous questionnaires, and website analytics. The paper identifies challenges that must be addressed in order to support novice engineers in rehearsing the types of knowledge required to successfully reason about and engage with design precedents. Two categories of design precedents are identified: concept precedents and detail precedents. Providing students with access to the latter is identified as a particular challenge, as is providing students with access to engineering communities of practice. Approaches to addressing these challenges are discussed.     

Idea generation in biomedical engineering courses using Design Heuristics

ABSTRACT

With increasing demand for improved medical equipment and healthcare, next-generation biomedical engineers need strong design skills. Equipping biomedical engineering students with tools for idea generation and development can increase student design success. Design Heuristics are an ideation tool developed through empirical studies of product designs. While identified in the mechanical engineering space, Design Heuristics may be applicable in biomedical engineering design. In our study, we implemented a Design Heuristics session during upper-level undergraduate and first-year graduate biomedical engineering design courses. We examined the applicability of Design Heuristics within individual and team concept generation contexts. The findings demonstrated that biomedical engineering students were able to use Design Heuristics to generate multiple concepts, and that initial concepts produced using Design Heuristics were carried over into final team design. The results support the applicability of Design Heuristics to student idea generation in biomedical engineering design.     

湖南省高校新兴健身项目开展的现状

从项目选择、开展情况及项目开展的主客观制约因素等对湖南省高校新兴体育健身项目进行调查分析.结果显示：湖南省高校新兴健身项目的开展受到学生的喜爱,而且能够对学生心理形成良好的影响;湖南省高校新兴健身项目的开展尚处于低水平、不规范阶段.建议加大对新兴健身项目的宣传,推动新兴健身项目的普及与规范,高校应该开设新兴健身项目.帮助学生了解项目的相关知识,促进这些项目的开展.     

北部湾经济区工程管理专业人才培养研究——基于高校服务地方经济发展视角

探索北部湾经济发展新形势下,对工程管理专业应用型人才的新要求,分析传统的人才培养模式与当前社会需求之间的差距,分析其产生原因。寻求最佳解决途径。