想望城市:论新世纪文学中农民的城市审美想象

乡土叙事的城乡二元对立模式建构了乡村与城市互为想象的两种镜像,并且形成了乡村仰视城市、城市俯瞰乡村的一般审美传统。随着城市化进程的发展,城市与乡村之间由对视发展为对话,二者互为开放和拥抱的同时,农民对于城市的想象也发生了根本性的转变,想象姿态和审美情感的渐变在新世纪文学中表现得尤为突出,及时捕捉这些新鲜的信息有助于我们更好地塑造新的农民形象,全面把握文学在社会转型时期的律动与特征。     

文学概论课也可以上得生动精彩——浅谈文学概论课的教学

文学概论课是文学专业的一门重要课程,但由于其理论性比较强,很多学生不喜欢,很多教师反映很难讲授,尤其在一些高职高专,情况更是这样。其实,只要有效利用现代教学手段,创新教学方法,文学概论课也能上得很生动,学生也会喜欢听,能收到很好的教学效果。     

《凤凰涅槃》的再解读及诗歌经典化的再思考

节奏是一种无形的话语,与表面有形的话语相互交织,构成了诗歌完整的结构和意蕴,对情绪和情感的表达具有巨大的作用。《凤凰涅槃》对节奏性的追求取得了显著的成就。现代中国文学中诗歌的经典化过程及其所面临的困境与诗人们对节奏的把握有关。     

现代家长的情绪修养

儿童的情绪智力发展深受家庭情绪氛围影响,因此提高家长的情绪修养尤显重要。现代家长应从了解情绪特征、注意自身的情绪表现、掌握调控情绪的方法等3方面来提高自身的情绪修养,从而给儿童树立情绪智力榜样,促进其发展。     

掀起中学历史课堂教学小高潮的有效策略

历史教师在教学过程中,要不断地设置一些教学小高潮来激起学生思想、情感上的共鸣,集中学生注意力,从而提高教学效率。掀起小高潮的途径和方法,一是从教学内容,包括导入新课、结束新课、重点与难点以及插入乡土史等方面去设计;二是从教学手段,包括课堂语言手段和直观性的现代化教学手段等方面去设置。     

论“即兴”情感在水彩画创作中的运用

对于画家来说,不管是在写生还是绘画创作的过程中,情感的表达都起着举足轻重的作用,它会影响创作时的感观意识,进而会影响整个绘画风格。因此,在绘画创作中我们不能忽视情感的重要性。文章将情感＂即兴＂的融入到水彩画创作中,而不仅仅是娴熟的运用技法,通过＂即兴＂情感的注入使作品更赋有灵动之气,进而提升水彩画作品的艺术性。但这种＂即兴＂情感的表达不是漫无目的的,是受到一些困素的影响和制约的。     

感情神经科学研究进展

感情神经科学这一学科关注的是情绪和心境的潜在神经基质。近年来,感情神经科学通过使用功能神经成像、行为实验、电生理记录、动物和人类的损害研究及动物和人类的行为实验等方法和技术,以在神经生物学和心理学水平更好地理解情感和情绪。本文首先对感情神经科学的发展历史进行回顾;接着简要概述了几个主要大脑区域对情绪加工的贡献;最后指出了感情神经科学的未来方向。     

汉语情感语音的语料设计与韵律研究

在现代语音学的研究中,语音语料库的设计至关重要。本文着重讨论了汉语普通话情感语音的语料库设计与采集。首先我们对情感语音研究中往往混为一谈的“情绪”和“态度”在概念上做了严格的区分,然后采用角色扮演的诱导式方法,设计并采集了四种基本情绪和五个态度类的语音语料。在讨论了语音标注和韵律数据处理方法后,我们通过听辨实验考察了情感语音的感知特性,并通过声学分析着重探讨了各类态度语音的韵律特征。     

Childhood experiences of maltreatment,reflective functioning and attachment in adolescent and young adult mothers: Effects on mother-infant interaction and emotion regulation

BackgroundMaternal childhood experiences of maltreatment affect parenting and have consequences for a child’s social-emotional development. Adolescent mothers have a higher frequency of a history of maltreatment than adult mothers. However few studies have analyzed the interactions between adolescent mothers with a history of childhood maltreatment and their infants.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to examine the effect of maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment on mother-infant emotion regulation at infant 3 months, considering both infant and mother individual emotion regulation and their mutual regulation.ParticipantsParticipants were 63 adolescent and young adult mother-infant dyads recruited at a hospital.MethodsThe mothers were administered the Adult Attachment Interview to evaluate reflective functioning and attachment and the Childhood Experiences of Care and Abuse was used to evaluate maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment. Mother-infant interactions were coded with a modified version of the Infant Caregiver Engagement Phases.ResultsDyads with mothers with childhood maltreatment (vs dyads with mothers with no maltreatment) spent more time in negative emotional mutual regulation (p = .009) and less time in positive and neutral mutual emotion regulation (p = .019). Cumulative maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment were associated positively with mother and infant negative states at individual and dyadic level and with the AAI scales of Passivity and Unresolved Trauma (p < .05). The effect of cumulative maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment on mother-infant emotion regulation was direct and not mediated by maternal attachment and reflective function.ConclusionsMaternal childhood experiences of maltreatment increase the risk connected to early motherhood, affecting mother-infant emotion regulation.     

Childhood maltreatment,cognitive emotion regulation strategies,and alcohol craving and dependence in alcohol-dependent males: Direct and indirect pathways

ObjectivesChildhood maltreatment (CM) and cognitive emotion regulation strategies (CERSs) may be important in alcohol craving and dependence in alcohol-dependent individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate direct effects of CM on the subscales of alcohol craving and alcohol dependence and its indirect effects via CERSs in individuals with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence.MethodsIn a cross-sectional design, 329 alcohol-dependent males completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire-Short version (CERQ-Short), the Alcohol Dependence Scale (ADS), the Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II).ResultsParticipants with alcohol dependence had early age of onset of alcohol use (mean = 20.78 years), relatively long duration of alcohol use (mean = 11.14 years), and low education (mean = 9.55 years). Indirect effects were observed from CM to the subscales of alcohol craving and dependence only through maladaptive CERSs after adjusting for demographic and clinical factors. No direct effect was observed through CM on the subscales of alcohol craving and dependence.ConclusionsAlthough drawing causal conclusions from the current research is impossible, the findings suggest that maladaptive CERSs may be a possible mechanism relating CM to alcohol craving and dependence in treatment-seeking alcohol-dependent individuals, while adaptive CERSs may be less important regarding this relation. However, the findings of the current study need longitudinal research.