具有分层结构的物流派送网络演化研究

稳定运行的物流派送网络是投递业务的重要保障,因此对网络演化过程的研究具有重要意义。基于复杂网络理论,分析物流派送网络的静态与动态结构特性,通过网络演化规则构建物流派送网络演化模型,并通过实例阐述了物流派送网络从无到有、从简到繁的演化过程,建立具有分层结构的物流派送网络模型。研究发现,物流派送网络具有一般快递网络的结构特性,但又不尽相同,物流派送模式从轴辐式网络逐渐变得扁平化。终端派送网络分担了主干网络的派送压力,体现出极大的灵活性,更贴合物流派送实际。作为物流服务金字塔的基座,终端网络对提高派送效率与客户满意度起到了决定性作用。     

物联网下差异设备兼容性测试模型研究

目前的差异设备兼容性测试只着眼于自然条件下差异设备工作的兼容性测试,测试的标准和规范不符合物联网环境的特点,兼容性测试无法达到实际环境要求。提出一种物联网下差异设备兼容性测试模型研究。通过差异设备在物联网环境下对物联网信号接收与转化能力的测试检测干扰不确定量,以及检测差异设备在工作时所产生的干扰其它设备的干扰量进行分析,建立物联网下差异设备兼容性测试模型,对差异设备的估计值及干扰量通过测试模型判断其是否兼容。仿真实验表明通过,物联网下差异设备兼容性测试模型,能有效地使各差异设备正常协同工作。改善了物联网环境下差异设备互相干扰现象的产生,为异构设备一体化提供了保障。     

一种基于复杂网络模型的作者身份识别方法

[目的/意义]作者身份识别是语言文体学的重要研究方向,利用文本特征的身份识别也是文本挖掘的重要任务。在开放和虚拟网络环境下海量信息的作者身份或发布者的识别难题和传统作者身份识别方法在处理效率和成本等方面存在的问题有待解决。[方法/过程]将复杂网络理论引入该研究领域,在利用传统文体学特征识别作者身份方法的基础上结合文本词共现网络模型及其指标特征改进相关算法,使用文本文体学特征和文本网络模型度量指标构建作者风格特征集合,通过计算文本间风格相似度进行作者识别。[结果/结论]基于复杂网络模型的作者身份识别方法可以有效的利用作者风格特征,提高识别的精度,与其他算法的对比试验表明其识别结果的准确性更高。     

Linking complex problem solving and general mental ability to career advancement: Does a transversal skill reveal incremental predictive validity?

Transversal skills, such as complex problem solving (CPS) are viewed as central twenty-first-century skills. Recent empirical findings have already supported the importance of CPS for early academic advancement. We wanted to determine whether CPS could also contribute to the understanding of career advancement later in life. Towards this end, we conducted a study (n = 245) at a large German automobile company in which we predicted career advancement and related criteria with CPS in addition to general mental ability (GMA). A computer-based assessment served as a measure of CPS. The dependent variables were the participants’ job level in accordance with the international standard classification for occupations (ISCO-08) and the number of professional training days as a proxy for lifelong learning efforts. The data were analysed using a structural equation modelling approach. CPS and GMA showed correlations (from .18 to .26, p < .01) with indicators of career advancement. All regression models showed good fit and indicated that CPS explained incremental variance in one of two indicators (β was .14 for trainings, p < .05). Our findings suggest an increment of CPS for predicting career advancement beyond GMA. Hence, CPS could complement GMA in methodologies for the study of professional development.     

What do employers pay for employees’ complex problem solving skills?

We estimate the market value that employers assign to the complex problem solving (CPS) skills of their employees, using individual-level Mincer-style wage regressions. For the purpose of the study, we collected new and unique data using psychometric measures of CPS and an extensive background questionnaire on employees’ personal and work history. The data were collected in 16 firms (23 establishments) in Germany, Spain, South Africa, Denmark, Slovakia, Switzerland, and France in the period 2012–2014. We find significant economic returns to CPS in our sample. One standard deviation higher CPS is associated with 10–20% higher hourly wages. The returns to CPS are sizeable even after controlling for fluid intelligence, suggesting that CPS probably captures skills important for modern production that are beyond what general intelligence tests can measure.     

Considering student retention as a complex system: a possible way forward for enhancing student retention

This study uses multilayer minimum spanning tree analysis to develop a model for student retention from a complex system perspective, using data obtained from first-year engineering students at a large well-regarded institution in the European Union. The results show that the elements of the system of student retention are related to one another through a network of links and that some of these links were found to be strongly persistent across different scales (group sizes). The links were also seen to group together in different clusters of strongly related elements. Links between elements across a wide range of these clusters would have system-wide influence. It was found that there were no elements that are both persistent and have system-wide effects. This complex system view of student retention explains why actions to enhance student retention aimed at single elements in the system have had such limited impact. This study therefore points to the need for a more system-wide approach to enhancing student retention.     

Effects of training peer tutors in content knowledge versus tutoring skills on giving feedback to help tutees’ complex tasks

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of training tutors in content knowledge of a particular domain versus training them in tutoring skills of pedagogical knowledge when tutoring on a complex tutee task. Forty-seven tutor–tutee pairs of fourth-year secondary school students were created and assigned to one of the two treatments. Twenty-two tutors received training in content knowledge and the other twenty-five tutors in tutoring skills. Tutors formulated written feedback immediately after the training. Tutees first interpreted the tutor feedback and then used it to revise their research questions. The results showed that tutors trained in tutoring skills formulated more effective feedback than tutors trained in content knowledge. In addition, tutees helped by tutoring-skills tutors found the feedback more motivating than those helped by content-knowledge tutors. However, no differences were found in tutee performance on revision. The findings are discussed in terms of the set-up of this study and implications for improving the effectiveness of peer tutoring.     

The effect of ball compression on the match-play characteristics of elite junior tennis players

The purpose of this article was to examine the effect of equipment scaling, through the modification of tennis ball compression, on elite junior tennis players (aged 10 years) within a match-play context. The two types of ball compressions that were compared were the standard compression (the normal ball) and 75% compression (termed the modified ball). Ten boys and 10 girls participated in the study. Participants were stratified into pairs based on their Australian Age Ranking and gender. Each pair played two two-set matches: one match with standard compression balls and one match with modified balls. The characteristics of each match were analysed and compared. The results showed that the use of the modified ball increased rally speed, allowed players to strike the ball at a lower (more comfortable) height on their groundstrokes and increased the number of balls played at the net. Ball compression had no effect on the relative number of winners, forehands, backhands, first serves in and double faults. The results are discussed in relation to skill acquisition for skilled junior tennis players.     

基于复杂网络理论的高校图书馆借阅网络研究简

文章以图书馆研究生读者的借阅信息构建的网络为研究对象,开展图书馆借阅网络的研究,着重研究了图书馆借阅网络的复杂网络特性,对图书馆借阅网络的社区划分进行深入分析,提出推行图书馆个性化推荐服务。     

[Bi(C_7H_5O_3)_2C_6H_4NO_2(H_2O)_2]·2H_2O配合物的合成及表征

以五水硝酸铋、水杨酸、维生素B3为原料,摩尔比为1:2:1合成了一种新型的三元配合物.通过元素分析、摩尔电导、紫外光谱、红外光谱、热重与差热分析对其结构进行了表征,确定其分子式为[Bi(C7H5O3)2C6H4NO2(H2O)2].2H2O.实验表明,水杨酸和烟酸均脱去羧基的质子形成羧酸根与Bi3+离子双齿配位.根据TG-DSC曲线可以看出,当温度为81oC时配合物开始分解,首先失去2个结晶H2O,接着失去2个水杨酸根,再失去1个烟酸根,最后残余物为Bi和Bi2O3的混合物.