Key Concepts From Health Promotion Evaluations: What Psychology Needs to Know

Competing perspectives and debates about the meaning of health promotion and the best ways to evaluate the effectiveness of initiatives that focus on enhancing wellness pervade the literature. Given the emergence of health promotion, the impetus for outcomes-based practice in psychology, and the push for evidence-based care in the health system (Thorogood & Coombes, 2000), demonstrations of value and effectiveness are fundamental to the sustainability of mental health promotion activities. Psychology (and counseling as a sub-set field) needs to place itself as a profession vital to the sustainability of wellness initiatives. This paper proposes that psychologists’ awareness and understanding of six key concepts from health promotion evaluation are essential for advancing psychology as a profession and enhancing applied practice for wellness initiatives. The key concepts include: formative, process and outcome evaluations, the qualitative/quantitative debate, the ecological nature, the participatory approach, the focus on community and the underlying philosophies of empowerment and utilization. The use of key concepts from health promotion evaluation strategies support psychologists to a) deal with issues of major public health importance and b) collaborate with other disciplines for the benefit of the public (Sartorius, 1999). Finally, this paper makes recommendations to secure psychology’s place as a vital contributor to future research directions in health promotion, in part because of adherence to the scientist-practitioner model.Whilst Psychology is the generic term used here to represent the broad field, counseling as a sub-set in the discipline is particularly relevant for the ideas and issues discussed. Rather than adding the sub-set qualifier each time the broad field is referred to, the reader in this context is encouraged to hold this perspective of the place of counseling in regard to psychology as they work through the materials presented.     

从新旧评估规则谈国家重点实验室建设

介绍了国家重点实验室评估规则修改的背景和进程,分析了新评估规则的变化和在新规则下国家重点实验室建设的对策,对国家重点实验室建设和评估有一定的参考意义。     

论全景式报告文学

全景式报告文学是中国社会改革开放和作家创新意识的产物；全景的含义包括全面描述和全面评价两个层面；全景式报告文学既有一定的优势，也存在某种不足。     

Evaluating efforts to enhance health and wellbeing in Scottish secondary schools

Curriculum for Excellence in Scotland outlines a policy vision of a more progressive, integrated and holistic form of education; a commitment which contains an obligation for health and well-being (HWB) to be a responsibility of all teachers. A critical policy analysis approach was utilized in order to review school-level progress in different stages of policy development, i.e. policy formulation, legitimation, implementation and evaluation. Evidence was collected through 15 semi-structured interviews with head teachers, teacher education academics and staff with national and local authority quality improvement remits. Questions focused on: aims and curriculum goals; school culture; learning and teaching; partnership relationships and evaluations of practice. Findings suggest a high degree of support for curriculum aims, however, there were often problems communicating policy expectations (policy formulation). Thus, despite impressive examples of innovative practice in relation to school ethos, wider achievement and pupils’ broader general education (policy legitimation), there were also examples of HWB being constrained by senior school examinations and the backwash effect this had on curriculum planning and engagement with interdisciplinary learning approaches (policy implementation/evaluation). These findings have implications in terms of policy to practice coherence as well as highlighting the need for further more specific research evaluations.     

中小学课程的改革与评价考试体系的完善

为了保证课程改革的成功,评价考试体系的改革必须同步进行。应辩证地看待传统的考试方法,批判地继承传统考试的优点,要充分利用课程改革的有利时机,对传统的中小学评价考试观进行改革,还要引进相应的现代评价考试理论和方法,树立以激励学生发展,发展学生专长的评价考试观,使用先进的评价考试技术方法,建立与课程改革相适应的评价考试体系,从而更好地促进课程改革的顺利进行。     

本科教学工作水平评估与学校整体办学实力的提升

本科教学工作水平评估是教育部依据《中华人民共和国高等教育法》,在赋予高校办学自主权的同时,进行宏观质量监控的一项重要措施。评估工作坚持“以评促建、以评促改、以评促管、评建结合、重在建设”的方针,其着眼点在建设,最终目的是推动和促进本科院校各项事业的发展,提升本科院校的整体办学实力。这对本科院校的改革、发展无疑具有非常重要的意义。     

21世纪中国的数学教学

本文探索了新世纪数学教学的目标、内容、组织形式和评价等方面的新趋势     

论“变现”

文章认为，变现部分国有资产是我国建立社会保障体系和国有经济调整与改组的必然要求。一方面，由于社会保障基金的巨大的缺口，作为一种历史欠债，只能通过变现部分国有资产来偿还。另一方面，由于我国国有经济的战略性调整与改组都需要有部分国有资本通过流动变现与重组来实现。由于国有资本在变现、流动过程中发生的只是形态的转换，因此，不存在私有化问题。同时，只要变现方式得当，各项预定目的是可以实现的。     

国有资产管理现存问题及其对策

主要从国有资产管理现存的有关问题提出自己的观点,并提出了解决问题的对策以供探讨。     

提高《教育评价》课程教学质量的探索

本文对如何提高<教育评价>课程教学质量提出了三个观点:一是加强<教育评价>课程教材建设;二是优化<教育评价>课程教学过程;三是开发<教育评价>课程操作平台.