再分配视角下缩小收入分配差距的对策研究

改革开放以来,我国居民收入分配差距逐年扩大,成为当前我国社会发展亟需解决的重要问题。那么,从再分配角度分析居民收入分配差距拉大的原因是：税收调节收入分配功能弱化,财政转移支付调节收入分配功能微弱和社会保障体系建设滞后;鉴于此,对如何在再分配领域优化税制结构强化税收自动稳定功能、推进财政转移支付制度改革、完善社会保障体系以缩小收入分配差距等方面提出了对策研究的建议。     

无限长掺杂Zn棱柱型硅纳米管的理论研究

运用密度泛函方法在(U)B3LYP/LanL2DZ水平上研究了无限长四棱柱、五棱柱和六棱柱型掺杂锌的硅纳米管的几何结构、电荷布局、能级和电偶极矩。计算结果表明,无限长四、六棱柱型Zn-Si纳米管的最低能结构均保持着基本的管状结构,五棱柱型的则畸变严重。五棱柱和六棱柱型Zn-Si纳米管的最低能结构的电子自旋多重态都为五重态,而四棱柱的为单重态。五棱柱型Zn-Si纳米管是这三种纳米管中热力学稳定性最强的。四、六棱柱型Zn-Si纳米管中电子从硅原子转向Zn原子,Zn原子充当电荷的受体,出现了电子反转现象。五棱柱型Zn-Si纳米管电子的转移方向比较复杂,Zn原子的位置不同,充当不同的电荷角色。两边的Zn原子是电荷的施体,而中间的则充当了电荷的受体。无限长掺杂Zn的五棱柱型硅纳米管的HOMO-LUMO能隙比较大,它的化学稳定性比较强。这三种纳米管呈半导体型。虽然这三种纳米管是极性的,但是五棱柱型的极性很弱。     

Teacher Evaluation in an Era of Educational Change

Teachers can help minority children close the academic achievement gap in intermediate and middle school by combining literacy instruction and content-area material. This connection improves reading achievement and increases curriculum knowledge, even if students have previously experienced difficulty with primary school reading. Fortunately, upper-elementary and middle-level learners are still naturally curious, are developing cognitively, and have acquired some basic reading skills. Teachers can therefore extend students' previous learning by using a spiral curriculum, in which curricular concepts are introduced at an appropriate level and then revisited at more challenging levels. Teachers can also increase the academic complexity for students by using strategies that include picture books, word recognition skills, intensive subject matter, vocabulary in a meaningful context, Readers Theater, and after-school activities.     

Assessment of Adoption Gaps in Management of Aflatoxin Contamination of Groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea L.)

Abstract

One of the major impediments for diversification of groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) as food crop is aflatoxin contamination. The study was conducted with an objective to assess the adoption gaps in aflatoxin management practices of groundnut (AMPG) and the farmer's characteristics influencing these gaps. The study used an expost-facto research design and multi-stage random sampling. The data were collected from 180 respondents through interview schedule. For measuring adoption gap, knowledge of AMPG and perception of groundnut quality suitable scales were developed. The data were subjected to multiple regression analysis to know the characteristics, which influenced the adoption gaps in AMPG. The majority of farmers were in high adoption gap category, as most of the farmers had not adopted the harvest and post-harvest management practices. Farmers' characteristics such as knowledge, market orientation and innovativeness influenced the adoption gap significantly. These three variables put together explained 58% of variation in adoption gap. Based on the results, it is suggested to formulate strategies to increase the knowledge of farmers through various extension approaches. If the knowledge on AMPG is improved the adoption gaps can be reduced. The maiden research effort, shed light on the socio-economic dimensions of aflatoxin contamination and constraints for aflatoxin management at farmers' level. The study has significance for the policy makers, extension departments and groundnut farmers for production of quality groundnut.     

库兹涅茨假说及中国地区差距的实证研究

对库兹涅茨假说的内涵、实质进行理论表述与分析,简述了学术界关于该假说的争论,提出了该假说成立的三个隐含条件。应用“各态历经理论”,以改革开放20年来中国东、西部地区经济发展差异为实证研究对象,研究表明无论是中国东西地区人均财富差异、经济密度差异,还是经济总量差异,均符合库兹涅茨假说。文章提出中国应积极寻求发展与公平之间的平衡点与结合点,尽快培育由发展与公平“两难”境地向“双赢”局面转化的政策环境,以及中央政府充当“道德人”角色的功能作用要进一步强化的若干政策建议。     

基于潜在产出的电力供给缺口度量研究

从潜在产出角度对电力供给缺口概念进行界定,并采用潜在产出常用测度方法——HP滤波法测算中国1980～2009年的电力供给缺口,借助Granger因果检验法对电力供给缺口与经济波动关系进行验证。结果表明电力供给缺口与经济波动(考虑通胀)互为因果关系,根据潜在产出分析思路估算电力供给缺口是有效合理的。     

城镇化进程中农村金融服务的供给缺口分析

运用层次分析法,结合数据材料,从金融服务功能、所需行业支持以及供给主体的角度,对当前农村金融服务发展现状进行分析,实现对供给缺口的度量,进而根据所得数据分析说明当前存在的供给缺口及其表现特征。     

薪酬差距与薪酬保密:基于文化传统的视角

从文化传统的角度,分析薪酬差距与薪酬制度选择的逻辑关系,找出民族文化在员工对待薪酬差距态度上的影响以及对薪酬制度的选择性偏好,指出薪酬保密虽然是西方通行的做法,但在我国特定的文化传统情境中,却未必适用;相反,透明的薪酬制度有利于和谐劳动关系的建立,加强员工组织承诺,更好地发挥薪酬的激励作用。     

实施宽带薪酬建设和谐企业

针对和谐企业建设的问题,可以通过实施宽带薪酬来解决。宽带薪酬作为当今美国极为盛行的一种现代薪酬管理体系,日益受到企业的重视。在当今构建和谐社会的主旋律下,职位薪酬体系因其固有的缺点,不利于和谐企业的建设,而宽带薪酬在建设和谐企业方面具有4个方面的优势。企业科学实施宽带薪酬,不仅有利于提高竞争力,建设和谐企业,还有助于和谐社会的构建。     

高职毕业生就业率缺口探析

高等职业教育是我国高等教育体系的重要组成部分.以就业为导向是高职院校办人民满意教育的关键环节.就业率的统计依然是各省、各高职院校完成就业指标,体现教育成果,构筑和谐社会的有效体现.但对就业率缺口的关注还存在一定的误区和盲区,本文试图通过就业率缺口的探析,找出有效解决未就业毕业生的就业途径,提高就业工作的实效性和针对性,切实提高就业率.