Adolescent exposure to violence and adult physical and mental health problems

Evidence on the relationship of adolescent exposure to violence (AEV) with adult physical and mental health problems is limited, with studies often focusing on earlier childhood rather than adolescence, and also on short term rather than long term outcomes. Information specifically on the relationship of AEV to seeking help for mental health problems in adulthood from either formal sources such as mental health professionals or informal sources such as friends and clergy is even more difficult to find. The present study investigates how adolescent exposure to violence (AEV), in the form of parental physical abuse, witnessing parental violence, and exposure to violence in the neighborhood, are related to self-reported adult physical problems and seeking formal or informal assistance with mental health, controlling for more general adolescent violent victimization and for self-reports and parent reports of mental health problems in adolescence. This study adds to the literature on AEV and adult physical problems, and provides a rare look at the relationship of AEV to adult help-seeking for mental health problems. The results suggest that AEV is associated with mental health problems in adolescence for both females and males, that for females AEV is related to physical problems and to seeking help for mental health problems in adulthood, but for males the only significant relationship involves inconsistent reports of witnessing parental violence and adult physical problems.     

我国环境污染与健康基础研究的若干新需求

良好的生态环境是建设世界科技强国的重要保障。我国目前面临复杂的环境污染形势，虽然近年来的污染控制卓有成效，但环境污染的毒性效应造成的急性或慢性疾病高发风险不容忽视。目前，我国许多区域性疾病高发的环境污染诱因尚不明确。解决这些环境健康问题亟待开展多学科协同的基础研究，建立“污染过程—人体暴露—人体响应—疾病发生”的全局研究路线，争取在暴露组学、超痕量测量与溯源方法学、分子流行病学、环境大数据和人工智能等交叉领域取得突破，实现健康风险导向的精准污染防控。     

Exposure to domestic violence as abuse and neglect: Constructions of child maltreatment in daily practice

Research finds that exposure to domestic violence can adversely affect the emotional, behavioral, and physical health of children. These effects have led some child advocates and policymakers in the United States to conclude that child exposure to domestic violence (CEDV) is a type of child maltreatment warranting state intervention. However, few states have defined CEDV as a type of maltreatment in statute and little is known about how child welfare agencies respond to allegations of CEDV in the absence of other safety threats. This study considers that CEDV itself might prompt an initial child welfare referral and may be construed by workers as a type of statutory maltreatment. Using a random sample (n = 295) of case records, this study analyzed one large child welfare agency’s response to referrals alleging CEDV between 2011 and 2012. Findings indicate that CEDV itself did trigger investigation. At time of referral, workers used statutory maltreatment typologies to construe alleged CEDV as a type of maltreatment; however, CEDV was not consistently construed as a safety threat and few allegations were substantiated. Instead most families were referred to community-based domestic violence services. Findings indicate that CEDV was not consistently construed as a type of statutory maltreatment and infrequently resulted in ongoing child welfare services. Findings suggest that training is needed to help workers better assess CEDV-related safety threats. Findings also raise questions about what types of interventions are needed to protect children from domestic violence and which types of agencies are best positioned to deliver those interventions.     

间歇性低氧训练对跆拳道运动员血氨、血乳酸及血气水平的影响

目的:观察间歇性低氧训练对跆拳道运动员血氨、血乳酸及血气水平的影响.方法:20名16～18岁3～6段男性跆拳道运动员随机分为试验组及对照组,每组10人.试验组接受间歇性低氧训练;对照组除间歇性低氧暴露干预外,其余训练内容与实验组相同.4周训练后两组受试者进行大强度3min踢腿运动,观察血氨、血乳酸及血气指标的变化.结果:3min踢腿运动后实验组血氨、血乳酸水平较对照组显著升高;血PaC02及HCO3-值较对照组显著下降.结论:4周间歇性低氧训练可以改善青少年跆拳道运动员的磷酸原及糖酵解供能能力.     

The impact of video exposure on students entering school psychology

School psychology is experiencing a shortages crisis. Within this two‐part study, the Social Cognitive Career Theory was used to examine the impact of video interventions on students' choice and application to school psychology programs. A sub‐sample of participants were followed across 4 years. Findings suggest that, when measured immediately before and after, a short video intervention had a significant impact on participants' perceived knowledge and intentions to apply to a school psychology training program. However, when measured across several years, the video was not found to have a significant impact on actual application to a school psychology training program. Nevertheless, exposure to school psychology from multiple sources was still found to be the best predictor of actually applying to a school psychology program. Study results highlight the importance of concerted efforts throughout the career development pipeline to expose students to the profession of school psychology.     

卢梭与郁达夫

郁达夫一向被人称为“中国的卢梭”,相似的命运和遭遇、相近的精神个性和内在气质,吸引着郁达夫走近了卢梭。作为郁达夫最崇拜的外国作家,卢梭对郁达夫的思想和创作产生了多方面的影响,这种影响在郁达夫的创作中主要体现为大胆的自我暴露、“返回自然的皮及诗情画意的自然描写。     

基于全息二次曝光法的压电陶瓷逆压电效应测定

论述二次曝光全息干涉计量的原理,分析干涉条纹与物体变形量的关系．利用全息二次曝光法对压电陶瓷的逆压电效应进行测定．实验结果与相关文献一致,表明该方法用于测定材料的逆压电效应是可行的．     

浅析影片《阳光灿烂的日子》中光的应用

摄影一直是电影创作的重要组成部分,而出色的应用摄影光线更能为一部电影增光添彩。通过影视语言里“光”的角度,从光的造型对影片《阳光灿烂的日子》加以分析,找出影片如梦幻般的效果的原因,从而印证“电影是光学的艺术”。     

College Media in the Classroom: An Innovative Approach to College Preparation

College preparation programs are ubiquitous among secondary schools, ranging from bridge programs and summer camps to STEM competitions. High school students have many options in preparing for the academic pressures of higher education. However, an area often neglected in college preparation programs is the teaching of interpersonal customs and norms of university life. High school students, especially those from disadvantaged backgrounds, may enter college with little to no understanding of the social and organizational expectations of being a college student. This study tests a college preparation approach that utilizes college-themed media as a way to educate students on college life that is unintimidating and enjoyable. Six high school students were presented with various forms of fictional college story plotlines, including a movie, two television shows, and a novel. Through observational data and semi-structured interviews, findings showed that the students identified some valuable personal lessons about what it means to be a college student after consuming the media. The findings suggest that incorporating college media into college preparation programs in high school may provide a more holistic college preparation experience by demystifying college stereotypes and relieving some of the pressures that high school students face about what is waiting for them in college.