冰蓄冷工程测试分析与评估

参考美国和我国台湾地区的技术文献以及我国国家标准,对某医学中心的冰蓄冷工程进行测试,从技术性指标和经济性指标等角度进行分析评估.结果表明,由于技术及管理方面的原因,蓄冰装置的蓄冷性能有所下降,但释冷特性较好,一般能释放所蓄的全部冷量,投资回收期为5.1年.通过对该工程的测试与分析得知优化设计和优化运行是发挥冰蓄冷系统优势的关键.最后,总结冰蓄冷系统优化设计和优化运行的一些方法.     

冰上舞蹈创编融入中国文化元素的构想——传统武术与民族舞蹈的使用

现代冰上舞蹈的创编中,融入各国文化与民族元素已经成为一种必然的发展趋势,我国冰上舞蹈运动员在冰上舞蹈的创编过程中融入中华文化元素,对于提高我国冰上舞蹈的比赛成绩、促进世界花样滑冰运动的发展具有重要意义。认为中华传统武术与民族舞蹈体现出的中华文化的内涵,是中华文化的表现形式之一。提出冰上舞蹈运动员在设计与表演中应从内容的来源、节奏的表现、舞蹈的编排、风格的展现等方面借鉴传统武术与民族舞蹈的元素,利于其用精彩的技术动作,深情地演绎出故事情景与音乐感受,使音乐表达与节奏的配合谐调、优美,用中华文化的博大精深征服观众与裁判。     

我国女子冰球运动员减少比赛犯规行为的对策

正确认识比赛中运动员犯规带来的危害,对加强和规范技术动作合理性,强化合理阻截意识,减少比赛中运动员犯规行为,提高比赛的胜出率具有重要作用。分析世界女子冰球运动员犯规的特征,我国运动员犯规与失分的关系,提出采用强化针对性技战术训练、加强心理训练、学习现代冰球理论、提高抗裁判员失误判罚的能力等措施减少与预防比赛中运动员的犯规行为。     

冰球运动员心理选材方法

心理选材对提高冰球运动员的成材率具有积极的促进作用。运用运动心理学和运动训练学相关知识,采用理论分析方法,结合国内运动心理选材的相关研究,针对冰球运动的专项特点,认为在冰球运动员心理选材中应注意心理选材的阶段性、系统性、长期性、专项性等问题。提出动觉方位感、视动反应时、注意力测定、性格分析、操作思维测定等冰球运动员心理选材的主要内容与测试方法。     

女子冰球项目训练周期结构与负荷特征

深刻认识女子冰球项目训练周期结构与负荷的规律,对提高我国女子冰球运动员训练效果与比赛成绩具有积极的促进作用。通过理论设计与实验对女子冰球运动员的训练结构及负荷特点进行研究,试图完善女子冰球运动年周期训练结构理论,揭示女子冰球运动训练负荷的规律及优秀女子冰球运动员年周期训练结构和训练负荷动态变化的基本规律。提出训练周期由年、大周期、中周期和小周期等构成,不同类型的训练周期由多个训练阶段与不同的训练时间组成;以小时、分钟、公里、公斤以及心率负荷的量度指标并分为最大、次大、中等和小4个等级建立负荷与训练评价体系。训练周期结构与负荷设计在国家女子冰球队的应用表明,掌握女子冰球运动周期训练结构与练负荷动态变化的规律,有助于实现训练效果的最佳化。     

吉林省高校冰雪学科建设的思考

采用文献资料、比较研究、调查访谈等方法,对当前吉林省高校冰雪特色学科建设对于运动训练专业发展的重要意义,以及冰雪学科建设的基本理论进行了细致分析,并对吉林省高校冰雪学科建设这项综合性、复杂性、长期性的系统工程的整体目标建立、学术团队建设、人才培养、学科发展方向及资源条件建设等若干关键性环节提出建设性意见,以求为今后吉林省高校冰雪学科建设提供理论依据。     

索契冬奥会我国冰雪竞技运动备战策略研究

运用文献资料、数理统计、逻辑分析等研究方法,对我国冰雪竞技运动的整体实力及发展现状进行了研究。发现虽然在冬奥会上的成绩表明我国已经处于世界冰雪强国的第二集团,但其依然存在优势项目、潜优势项目较少;冰雪运动普及程度较低、高水平地域分布差异较大;高水平后备人才较少、可持续性发展不足等问题。为此提出,提高冰雪运动普及程度、缩小各地域竞技水平差异,实现均衡发展;巩固优势项目、培养潜优势项目、提升弱势项目;加强人才资源的开发与培养的发展思路,为索契冬奥会我国冰雪运动的再创辉煌提供参考。     

天然气门站调压器冰堵故障分析

使用电伴热带缠绕调压单元及信号管加热,用保温材料包裹进行保温来解决调压器冰堵故障问题,调压器安装电伴热保温装置,用220V电压单独供电,电伴热线的功率为30瓦/米,每套电伴热保温装置需电伴热线20米,共360瓦电源。需对调压器信号管、调压单元及前后直管段加电伴热线缠绕同时包裹保温材料,保温材料选用无毒无味的聚氯乙烯(橡塑),每路调压器上电伴热保温装置由独立开关控制,电伴热保温装置的启用应根据环境温度和出站天然气的温度而定。     

‘Very Correct Adversaries’: The Cold War on Ice from 1947 to the Squaw Valley Olympics

This article considers international ice hockey from 1947 through the Squaw Valley Olympics in 1960. International hockey in these years dramatised important Cold War issues and offered useful insight into interaction among Americans, Canadians, Russians and Czechoslovaks. National programmes and styles of play reflected their nation states; hockey served simultaneously as both cultural diplomacy and psychological warfare. Czechoslovakia's powerhouse programme was purged for political reasons, while Prague officials tried to use Soviet hockey success to claim legitimacy for communism. The Soviets' communist-influenced ‘collective hockey’ achieved stunning success: the USSR national team started playing only in 1947 but was competitive with the world's best amateurs by 1954. Rules governing ‘amateurism’ were susceptible to manipulation, especially by communist regimes, further aiding Soviet progress. Canada remained the strongest power, but many of its best players were openly professional, hindering its efforts to stay on top. In 1948, US hockey demonstrated the messiness of an open society when two teams arrived in St Moritz claiming to represent the USA. After that, though, American players compiled a record in 1952, 1956 and 1960 that showed that the USA – not Canada, not the USSR – was the strongest nation in Olympic hockey.     

Development and Validation of a Method for Determining Tridimensional Angular Displacements with Special Applications to Ice Hockey Motions

Abstract

Tridimensional angular displacements of the skates were determined with a single cinecamera used in conjunction with two orthogonal rods attached to the rear part of the skater's boots. The method was based on the commutative law with the imposed restrictions that two of the angles were small in relation to the other one, and that a sequence of angular displacements was defined. This approach required the sole determinations of the planar coordinates of the three points delimiting the orthogonal rods. An experimental setup was designed to validate the method: the criterion angles were approximated with less than 2 degrees of error. Subsequently, the method was applied to a practical situation: the two-legged stop in ice hockey. The combination of this tridimensional method with instrumented strain gauge skates for the measurement of forces provides a new and powerful tool for performing kinetic analyses in tridimensional skating activities.