原子荧光法测食品包装纸中砷的前处理探讨

通过干灰化法、Mars高通量密闭微波消解、压力自控密闭微波消解等三种前处理方法对同一种食品包装纸进行了总砷的检测,并对检测结果进行分析比较。实验结果表明干灰化法、高通量密闭微波消解法、压力自控密闭微波消解法的检出限分别为0.28ng/mL、0.09ng/mL、0.09ng/mL,精密度分别为9.97%、3.20%、4.15%,加标回收率分别为89.4%、93.7%、97.3%。经过相关比较分析,总结出前处理方法对纸制品中总砷检测的影响。     

不履行食品召回义务行为的刑事问题研究

拒不履行食品召回义务的行为,并不符合食品安全犯罪的构成要件。如果生产经营问题食品的行为已经构成犯罪,那么拒不履行食品召回义务的情形就应该属于酌定的量刑情节。否则,单纯拒不履行食品召回义务只是一般的违法行为。召回义务属于生产经营行为的一部分,增设不履行食品召回义务罪并无必要,也与食品安全犯罪的立法趋势相互冲突。据此,应对不履行食品召回义务的有效措施应当是尽快完善我国的食品召回制度。     

实施北京奥运食品工程建立奥运食品保障体系

2008年北京奥运会要实现“科技奥运、绿色奥运、人文奥运”的承诺,作为奥运战略具体体现之一的奥运食品工程,关系到近千万运动员、来宾、观众的食品安全、卫生营养等食品保障问题,受到了社会各界的广泛关注。因此,有必要了解雅典奥运会的食品供给情况。并尽快启动北京奥运食品工程,建立2008年北京奥运食品保障体系。     

足球运动员膳食行为及营养现状调查

体能储备是影响足球运动员运动能力的重要因素,营养物质不仅对消耗能量物质有直接补偿作用,还对运动员体能恢复起着至关重要的作用。通过对足球运动员营养知识进行问卷调查,并抽样对足球运动员进行连续三天的膳食调查。研究结果发现:足球运动员营养知识缺乏是膳食营养摄入不合理的重要因素;足球运动员三餐能量摄入比例不合理,早餐摄入不足,晚餐摄入较高;三大营养素的摄入比例不合理,碳水化合物不足,脂肪过多;部分维生素摄入相对不足;运动员钙摄入偏少。     

How pre-service teachers navigate trade-offs of food systems across time scales: a lens for exploring understandings of sustainability

In response to the increasing recognition of the need for sustainable food systems, research on students’ and educators’ knowledge of food systems and sustainability more broadly has grown but has generally focused on what people ‘fail’ to understand. Moving away from this deficit approach, the present study used semi-structured interviews to explore how 12 pre-service teachers (PSTs) in the US consider sustainability in terms of the trade-offs – or concurrent costs and benefits – associated with using different agricultural resources over short, medium, and long terms. Drawing upon the constructs of framing, metacognition, and complex causality, the study found that the majority of PSTs referred to indirect experiences of seeing or hearing about agricultural resources to demonstrate stable knowledge of short-term trade-offs and construct tentative knowledge about medium-term trade-offs. Few described long-term trade-offs. Most participants also acknowledged some gaps in their knowledge in discussing trade-offs across the different time scales. Findings suggest the importance of leveraging and building upon educators’ (and ultimately students’) prior experiences to build their understanding of complex trade-offs that underlie food systems. The study also illustrates the value of using the concept of trade-offs across time scales to explore people’s conceptions and understandings of sustainability.     

质量信息揭示、逆向选择与食品安全

食品质量信息揭示是缓解食品市场中的"逆向选择"行为,提高食品安全水平的重要方式。基于食品的经验品和信任品特性,分析食品厂商如何通过自愿性信息揭示缓解食品市场中的逆向选择问题,以及政府如何通过强制性信息揭示保障食品安全。研究结果表明,对于自愿性信息揭示来说,信息揭示成本对于能否实现高质量厂商与低质量厂商的分离均衡至关重要,信息揭示在能为高质量厂商带来溢价收益的同时,应使低质量厂商出于成本考虑不敢进行虚假信息揭示;对于强制性信息揭示来说,信息揭示成本应促使厂商丧失生产不安全食品的动机,保障食品安全。     

地衣芽孢杆菌A－57碱性蛋白酶提取新工艺的探讨

研究了以Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４为主要盐析剂提取碱性蛋白酶的工艺，分别就Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４加量、ｐＨ和温度３个因素进行了试验，得出Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４最佳用量为２５％、最佳ｐＨ为８．５和最适温度３０℃．其中Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４加量是影响盐析的主要因素。本文还以有机溶剂丙酮对酶的提取作了初步研究，可考虑用于生产食品级碱性蛋白酶。     

粮食综合生产能力与国家粮食安全

提高粮食综合生产能力,是确保国家粮食安全的重要战略性举措。随着城市化和工业化的快速推进,耕地、水资源、农业基础设施、种粮比较收益等方面的弊端相继凸显,不仅影响了粮食综合生产能力的进一步提升,甚至还可能危及到未来国家粮食的安全。为了实现国家粮食的长治久安,必须破除现存的瓶颈,构建粮食综合生产能力稳步提升的长效机制。     

Food for Thought in Restaurant Reviews

Coverage of food journalism has increased in contemporary media and restaurant reviews are a regular feature in newspapers. The reaction to a rating of zero for a restaurant in The Weekend Australian newspaper in 2016 highlighted the role and expectations of critics. It also raised the issue of whether this form of lifestyle journalism included traditional journalistic objectives, or was influenced more by commercial factors. In this environment, it is therefore valuable to explore whether restaurant reviews are more aligned with detached journalism or an extension of marketing. Utilising a content analysis, this pilot study examines the ratings of food critics in four broadsheet/quality newspapers in Australia and the United Kingdom. During the three years of the data collection, 550 restaurant reviews were coded. The pattern of review marks suggested more supportive judgements than critical ones, and was consistent with the softer side of journalism.     

食品类专业学生化学思维培养的现状及思考

化学与食品学科的深度交叉和渗透,使得食品类专业的化学教育直接制约了学生的专业认知过程。该文分析了当前食品化学教育中存在的问题,在此基础上提出以食品体系分子尺度贯穿知识模块的设想,并论述了食品化学课程整合其他相关化学课程的必要性,强调在“结构决定功能”方面提升学生的化学学科素养。