BaO-ZnO-P2O5玻璃粉体在铂膜传感器中的应用研究

合成了ＢａＯ－ＺｎＯ－Ｐ２Ｏ５玻璃粉体,并研究了它对铂膜传感器电阻和温度系数的影响。研究表明,形成的保护膜透明,机械强度高,对器件性能的影响比用电真空低软化点封接材料包封后低。     

The impact of heating, lighting and people in re-using historical buildings: a case study

The impact of lighting, heating and people in re-using historical buildings are discussed for the case study concerning the ceremony room (i.e. the Giant Hall) of a mediaeval palace in Padova. The Hall has substantially four major problems for conservation: (i) the impact of heating, lighting and people when the room is used; (ii) many cracks on the oak panels of the coffered ceiling; (iii) the soiling by dust and soot particles deposited on the frescoes; (iv) the stained glass windows. A microclimate study was performed to know the impact of the environmental variables, and the use of the room, on the artworks preserved inside. The study has proved the impact of the lamps (both incandescence and compact fluorescent lamps) on the ceiling, the penetration of external air in the room, the heat and the moisture released by people, the impact of sunshine through windows and the scatter diagram of the daily cycles in temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH). During winter concerts, the strips of lead which are wrapped round the edge of the cut glass pieces in stained glass windows easily drop below the dew point and form condensation, starting corrosion. A discussion concerns the allowed variability, which should not exceed risk thresholds. A safe interval can be established within the area determined by the most frequent T and RH natural cycles. In fact, both of the cycles were compatible with the artefacts, or the artefacts were already damaged to allow the exceeding dimensional changes. Attention should be paid in the variability external to this area, especially approaching or exceeding a limit equal to twice the mode of the natural variability.     

浅论日用陶瓷器皿系列化设计

日用陶瓷器皿设计的系列化设计日益增多,且功能性、装饰性日趋完善。设计者通过合理的系列化规律,达到好的设计效果,并保证设计效果的延续性,以此才能满足更多层次的消费需求,占据更广泛的市场。     

Consolidation of paint on stained glass windows: Comparative study and new approaches

Stained glass windows belong to the most precious pieces of art in many European countries. Examples of heavily endangered paint on glass are reported in the literature and mainly related to condensation effects and air pollution, as stained glass windows preferably remain in their original architectural surrounding. Several surface coatings and paint treatments have been proposed to consolidate and protect degraded paint. Very often, the selection of the materials is based more on practical aspects than on scientific research. This study concerns the comparison of some traditional, modern and newly developed consolidants for the preservation of historic glass paintings. Experiments have been carried out with model painted glass samples simulating weathering phenomena of originals. Traditional materials like Paraloid B72, modern ones like SZA (proposed by the Fraunhofer-Institut für Silicatforschung, ISC), and three new consolidants prepared by the sol–gel method and based on different hybrid organic–inorganic alkyl-alkoxysilane systems have been considered. The adhesion, penetration, stability, hydrophobicity, mechanical and chemical resistance are properties and requirements tested to prove their effectiveness and range of use. The three new materials developed in this study for the consolidation of paint on glass have the potential to offer alternatives to existing materials. Nevertheless, further research is necessary before their application in restoration workshops can be recommended. A strategic approach is requested to avoid risks for these valuable historical originals and to contribute to the long-term preservation of the paint on stained glass windows in their original sites.     

Islamic glasses from Al-Andalus. Characterisation of materials from a Murcian workshop (12th century AD, Spain)

Rescue archaeological excavations at an urban glass workshop of the 12th century AD in the city of Murcia (Spain) have provided one of the few evidences of glass production in the ancient Islamic territory of Al-Andalus. This paper reports the results derived from a chemical–physical characterisation study carried out on a representative sample set of glass fragments and industrial debris from that workshop. The main objectives of the research were to contribute to the knowledge of the type of glasses produced and provide some insights into the technology developed to obtain different colours in glasses. The resulting data indicated that both high-magnesia plant ash (HMG) soda-lime-silicate and soda-lime lead-silicate glasses were produced. They also indicated a deep knowledge of glass colouring techniques, which suggests that a careful control over the glass melting processes was achieved. Among others, the occurrence of bulk-coloured silver yellow and copper ruby red transparent glasses prove the skills reached by Murcian glassmakers. These results shed new light on the Islamic glass technology of a geographical area in which, up to now, little compositional and technological data from glass workshops were available.     

陶瓷等脆硬板材的磨粒水射流(AWJ)切割技术

陶瓷等脆硬材料板材在普通方法切割加工时容易破碎,也不能切割加工出特别复杂的形状和图案。分析磨料水射流技术原理和材料去除机理,重点介绍几种脆硬材料的水磨料射流切割应用示例,并总结其技术优势和推广意义。     

PbO气相热扩散条件对SrTiO_3基多功能陶瓷性能的影响

本文研究了PbO气相扩散及其热扩散工艺条件对半导化SrTiO3基陶瓷的介电性能(ε)、介电损耗 (D)、非线性系数 (α)及电阻率 (ρ)的影响 .用SEM和EPMA对微观结构进行了观察和分析 ,结果显示PbO主要集中在晶界附近 .用PbO气相扩散法成功地获得了εapp>50 0 0 0、D <0 .0 35、α >6 .5、ρ >4× 1 0 9的SrTiO3基多功能陶瓷     

共聚物玻璃化转变温度与组成关系的理论研究进展

共聚物玻璃化转变温度 (Tg)与组成 (X)关系的研究是高分子科学领域最重要的研究项目之一。从有关的大量文献中 ,作者分析并总结了从各种理论推导的现存方程的适用性     

负载型TiO2光催化剂的制备及其表征

通过溶胶-凝胶法,在玻璃基体上制备透明的TiO2薄膜催化剂.采用TG-DTA、XRD、EDX、SEM和AFM等方法对薄膜的形成过程和结构进行测试.结果表明制备的TiO2溶胶-凝胶性能稳定,负载1～10次时TiO2的负载量在1.51×10-5g/cm2～11.34×10-5g/cm2范围内,负载5次的薄膜铅笔硬度为4H、附着力为0级,500℃烧结1h后薄膜中的TiO2为锐钛矿结构,细颗粒分布均匀,并呈纳米级大小.     

分子动力学模拟研究GeO2玻璃的非平衡态

我们用定压分子动力学模拟方法研究了ＧｅＯ２玻璃在偏离平衡条件下的相转变过程。在５ＧＰａ－１０ＧＰａ间发生了相变,形成的致密相配位数为６;负压下则了理想网络结构,模拟的ＧｅＯ２玻璃的相行为与实验结果符合良好。高压下形成的致密存在一个等容的亚稳极限,二次定律成立,结论与ＳｉＯ２玻璃相同。