The role of teachers’ orientation to learning in professional development and change: A national study of teachers in England

This paper uses results from a national survey of teachers in England to test a hypothesised model of teacher orientation to learning (consisting of beliefs, practice and experiences about learning) and its relationship to teacher learning change. Results from a structural equation modeling process of 1126 teacher survey responses show that teachers bring an internal, external and collaborative orientation to their professional learning. The beliefs and practices associated with these orientations are also shown to have a moderate influence, via path analysis, on teacher learning change defined as a composite outcome of change in beliefs, practices and students.     

中小学须逐步加强议论、说明的写作

记叙、描写、议论、说明,是最常见的表达方式,适应不同的表达目的和表达对象。总结写作教学的历史经验,比较发达国家的中小学写作教学目标及其评价,分析课程改革后基础教育课程内容的变化,可以看出:中小学生有必要加强议论、说明的写作,借以提高学生的理性思维水平。为此,有必要全面理解《语文课程标准》的写作要求,利用好语文教科书的新设计,并尝试与综合实践活动相配合,逐步提高、逐步加强议论、说明性文章的写作。在此过程中,要大力提倡言之有据、慎下结论、民主对话、独立思考的良好文风。     

中国参与周边区域经济合作的实践与策略

党的十七大报告明确提出我国要"实施自由贸易区战略"。研究认为:首先发展与周边国家和地区的区域经济合作,并以此为基础,逐渐建立中国的区域经济合作网,是中国自由贸易区战略的核心。文中首先分析中国参与周边区域经济合作的进程与特点,然后以《内地与香港建立更紧密经贸关系安排》(CEPA)和《中国—东盟自由贸易区》(CAFTA)为例,深入探讨了中国参与周边区域经济合作的实践效应及现存问题,最后通过GTAP模型测算,提出中国自由贸易区战略核心——周边整合的具体策略。     

绿春哈尼族“阿倮欧滨”祭祀的生态实践——兼谈哈尼族传统文化对生物多样性的保护

绿春县城一带13个村落延续了700多年的"阿倮欧滨"祭祀,不仅是哈尼族传统文化的可贵传承,更是哈尼族生态保护的典范实践。表层意义上,"阿倮欧滨"联合祭祀不断强化着祭祀圈13个村落的地缘联系,以及母寨"窝拖布玛"在其中的神圣地位;深层意义上,联合祭祀是对红河南岸哈尼族地区至关重要的水源地"阿倮欧滨"及其周围林地的持续有效保护。"阿倮欧滨"祭祀作为绿春哈尼族传统文化深层内核机制,持续不断地发挥着对当地生物多样性的保护功能。     

从科学实践哲学到实践的科学哲学

国内的科学实践哲学研究主要着眼于新兴的科学实践研究的科学观方面,即以实践的科学观取代表象的科学观。事实上,新兴的科学实践研究不仅实现了科学观的更新,更重要的是实现了哲学观的更新,即以实践的科学哲学取代表象的科学哲学。实现从科学实践哲学到实践的科学哲学的转变,不仅是从理论上完整把握新兴的科学实践研究的需要,也是实现科学哲学本土化的一个契机。     

党的建设科学化：党务公开的理论意义和实践价值

民主革命时期残酷的历史环境不允许党公开化,执政初期党提出“公开建党”,改革开放新时期推进“党务公开”,反映了时代进步的足迹。党务公开为提高党的建设科学化水平提供了一个实践平台。从执政党、国家、社会的三维视角研究,党务公开有助于党密切联系人民群众,有助于让权力在阳光下运行,有助于民主政治建设。党务公开的实践已经拉开帷幕,加强党务公开的制度化建设、推进党委新闻发言人措施的实践、增强党务公开的针对性和有效性、充分发挥好新媒体技术手段在推进党务公开中的作用、构建党务公开的多层次架构,在创新实践中不断提高党的建设科学化水平。     

Videobased lesson analysis: Effective science PD for teacher and student learning

The Science Teachers Learning from Lesson Analysis (STeLLA) project is a videobased analysis‐of‐practice PD program aimed at improving teacher and student learning at the upper elementary level. The PD program developed and utilized two “lenses,” a Science Content Storyline Lens and a Student Thinking Lens, to help teachers analyze science teaching and learning and to improve teaching practices in this year‐long program. Participants included 48 teachers (n = 32 experimental, n = 16 control) and 1,490 students. The STeLLA program significantly improved teachers' science content knowledge and their ability to analyze science teaching. Notably, the STeLLA teachers further increased their classroom use of science teaching strategies associated with both lenses while their students increased their science content knowledge. Multi‐level HLM analyses linked higher average gains in student learning with teachers' science content knowledge, teachers' pedagogical content knowledge about student thinking, and teaching practices aimed at improving the coherence of the science content storyline. This paper highlights the importance of the science content storyline in the STeLLA program and discusses its potential significance in science teaching and professional development more broadly. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., J Res Sci Teach 48: 117–148, 2011     

Bridge over troubled water: using implementation science to facilitate effective services in child welfare

To maximize benefits to children and their families, effective practices need to be used competently in child welfare settings. Since the 1990s, researchers and policy makers have focused attention on empirically supported interventions (ESIs). Much less attention has been paid to what is needed to implement these in a range of real-world settings. Without proper implementation, which includes an evaluation strategy from feasibility to fidelity to on-going work on moderators and mediators of program effects, established effective programs can be rendered ineffective in practical application. The paper will touch on progress, to date, of implementation science, its application to child welfare programs and practices, and will highlight a set of practical strategies for implementing empirically supported interventions in child welfare.     

Research engagement and educational decentralisation: problematising primary school English teachers’ research experiences in China

Teachers are encouraged to enhance professional competence through reflective practice and they are also asked to undertake research to generate evidence for their professional practices. This paper reports on an inquiry into a group of primary school English language teachers’ research engagement in the province of Guangdong on the Chinese mainland. The inquiry explored the effect of educational reforms on the participants’ research engagement through the use of an open‐ended questionnaire and group interviews. The inquiry revealed that research engagement had become an important part of the teachers’ professional lives. Emerging findings from the inquiry also problematised their research engagement as it was found to have been undermined by a competitive promotion mechanism, the teachers’ conceptualisations of research and challenges in the knowledge dissemination process. The paper ends with reflections on how to make teacher research “educational” for teachers and serve as an effective way for professional development.     

Teaching practices prior and subsequent to 1998 in Turkey: Gazi University Vocational Education Faculty case

This study aimed to compare teaching practice before and after 1998 in Turkey. Participants were 10 academics from the Department of Educational Sciences, Vocational Education Faculty, Gazi University and nine vocational high school cooperating teachers. Semi‐structured interviews were analysed by using content analysis. The most significant findings were that the preparation, practice, observation, counselling and evaluation processes were more efficient before 1998 due to the smaller number of preservice teachers. After 1998, the cooperating teachers were legally included in the process and took more responsibility. A new model which combines the positive aspects of both practices is suggested in the article.