沪、深股市收益率的统计分析和风险分析

随机理论认为股票收益率服从正态分布,但大量研究表明,股票收益率等金融时间序列具有"尖峰厚尾"反正态性.极值分布和Laplace分布是一类厚尾分布,本文对沪、深两地股票市场的收益率进行了极值分布(以Gumbel分布最为常用)和Laplace分布拟合,并给出了风险价值(VaR)的估计.实证研究表明,Laplace分布是正态分布的一种改进,而Gumbel分布能较准确地估计巨额盈利(极端事件)的风险.     

赤泥及其复合钝化剂对土壤铅、镉和砷的稳定效应

采用土壤培育实验,研究赤泥、酸改性赤泥、沸石、石膏和硫酸亚铁及其复配对复合污染土壤铅、镉、砷有效性的影响。结果表明,赤泥经酸改性处理后铝、钙和铁进一步释放,表面结构发生变化;与对照相比,添加0.5%酸改性赤泥、赤泥与硫酸亚铁复配、酸改性赤泥与沸石复配后,土壤有效态铅含量分别降低1.96%～76.47%、4.94%～75.01%和5.47%～68.44%;加入0.5%酸改性赤泥、赤泥与硫酸亚铁复配后,土壤有效态镉含量分别降低27.78%和15.04%;赤泥与石膏复配和赤泥与硫酸亚铁复配处理降低土壤有效态砷含量效果优于其他钝化材料,培育7、15、30和60 d后砷有效态分别降低0.41%、37.87%、5.41%、3.72%和55.60%、13.81%、37.85%、25.36%;赤泥与硫酸亚铁复配对铅-镉-砷复合污染土壤重金属钝化效果最佳。     

部分填充泡沫金属对温差发电器性能影响的实验研究

近年来,利用半导体温差发电技术回收与利用高温汽车尾气余热的方式得到广泛关注。搭建一套模拟汽车尾气排气的试验系统。通过在尾气通道核心流区域填充不同孔密度的泡沫金属强化传热,研究温差发电器回收汽车尾气余热并将其转换成电能这种方式对性能的影响。     

Ultrafast growth of large single crystals of monolayer WS2 and WSe2

Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted considerable attention as atomically thin semiconductors for the ultimate transistor scaling. For practical applications in integrated electronics, large monolayer single crystals are essential for ensuring consistent electronic properties and high device yield. The TMDs available today are generally obtained by mechanical exfoliation or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth, but are often of mixed layer thickness, limited single crystal domain size or have very slow growth rate. Scalable and rapid growth of large single crystals of monolayer TMDs requires maximization of lateral growth rate while completely suppressing the vertical growth, which represents a fundamental synthetic challenge and has motivated considerable efforts. Herein we report a modified CVD approach with controllable reverse flow for rapid growth of large domain single crystals of monolayer TMDs. With the use of reverse flow to precisely control the chemical vapor supply in the thermal CVD process, we can effectively prevent undesired nucleation before reaching optimum growth temperature and enable rapid nucleation and growth of monolayer TMD single crystals at a high temperature that is difficult to attain with use of a typical thermal CVD process. We show that monolayer single crystals of 450 μm lateral size can be prepared in 10 s, with the highest lateral growth rate up to 45 μm/s. Electronic characterization shows that the resulting monolayer WSe₂ material exhibits excellent electronic properties with carrier mobility up to 90 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹, comparable to that of the best exfoliated monolayers. Our study provides a robust pathway for rapid growth of high-quality TMD single crystals.     

Mass production of 2D materials by intermediate-assisted grinding exfoliation

The scalable and high-efficiency production of 2D materials is a prerequisite to their commercial use. Currently, only graphene and graphene oxide can be produced on a ton scale, and the inability to produce other 2D materials on such a large scale hinders their technological applications. Here we report a grinding exfoliation method that uses micro-particles as force intermediates to resolve applied compressive forces into a multitude of small shear forces, inducing the highly efficient exfoliation of layer materials. The method, referred to as intermediate-assisted grinding exfoliation (iMAGE), can be used for the large-scale production of many 2D materials. As an example, we have exfoliated bulk h-BN into 2D h-BN with large flake sizes, high quality and structural integrity, with a high exfoliation yield of 67%, a high production rate of 0.3 g h⁻¹ and a low energy consumption of 3.01 × 10⁶ J g⁻¹. The production rate and energy consumption are one to two orders of magnitude better than previous results. Besides h-BN, this iMAGE technology has been used to exfoliate various layer materials such as graphite, black phosphorus, transition metal dichalcogenides, and metal oxides, proving its universality. Molybdenite concentrate, a natural low-cost and abundant mineral, was used as a demo for the large-scale exfoliation production of 2D MoS₂ flakes. Our work indicates the huge potential of the iMAGE method to produce large amounts of various 2D materials, which paves the way for their commercial application.     

探索适合国有企业发展的人力资源管理措施

指出要解决好国有企业问题，非常重要的一点就是摆脱目前落后的人事管理的束缚，建立起适合国有企业发展的科学的人力资源管理创新。分析了目前国有企业人事管理存在的种种问题，指出了政府、企业双方共同努力是振兴东北解决好国有企业问题的关键所在。     

板材成形中变压边力理论的研究状况

在板材成形中，起皱和拉裂是主要的缺陷，而压边力是控制板材成形的重要工艺参数。介绍了最优变压边力曲线确定的四种方法。并讨论了变压边力理论发展趋势。     

重金属胁迫背景下的任豆幼苗抗性生理试验

分别用浓度为0~30 mg/L和0~150 mg/L的重金属Cu2+、Cd2+、Pd2+、Zn2+处理任豆幼苗,观察其生长情况,测定其叶片的叶绿素含量、丙二醛含量及总黄酮含量,分析其抗性生理特征。结果表明:任豆幼苗对不同重金属离子胁迫的耐性不同,在不同浓度的同一重金属离子胁迫下,任豆幼苗叶片的叶绿素、丙二醛、黄酮含量有明显差异;任豆幼苗对不同重金属的抗性不同,对Cu2+、Cd2+、Pd2+、Zn2+四种重金属离子耐性大小的排序为:Pd2+>Zn2+>Cd2+>Cu2+。根据任豆幼苗在重金属胁迫下所表现出的抗性生理特征及相关的实验结果,可利用任豆对Pd、Zn、Cd、Cu污染的土壤进行修复。     

湘江（衡阳段）底泥重金属污染特征及生态风险动态评价

为了解湘江(衡阳段)底泥重金属污染程度,对流域内10个断面18个采样点的表层底泥重金属(Cu、Zn、As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Pb)进行采样,测定样品各金属含量,并分别采用潜在生态危害指数法和地累积指数法评价底泥重金属潜在生态风险和污染程度.结果表明,湘江(衡阳段)表层底泥中各点重金属平均 RI 为1009．46,总体上属于很强生态风险;地累积指数表明在松柏段面的砷、汞、镉、铅处于严重污染.     

固体电解质型NH3传感器综述

NH₃作为一种常见的大气污染气体,具有高毒性和腐蚀性,因此,开发高灵敏度和高选择性的NH₃传感器对排放源(或环境)进行检测,对于改善环境和安全防护较为重要。文章介绍了几种固体电解质型NH₃传感器的工作原理,并对相关的研究进展进行了总结和归纳,对不同种类敏感材料的特点及其应用进行了详细介绍,同时总结了构建高效三相界面的方法及参比电极对传感器性能的影响。