论变法中的司马光

司马光“一生无不可对人言者”,从不做口是心非之事,司马光不是“保守派”、“守旧派”,他的改革主张曾开北宋中期变法之先河。他强烈要求变革赵宋立朝以来的“三冗”、“两积”、“滥赏奢用”积弊,在变法的切入点与如何改的问题上与王安石政见有异。对新法颁行后出现的弊害,他力行罢废,操之过急,犯了与王安石同样的毛病,有得有失,应具体分析,不应以王安石划线,对其妄加诬罪。     

潜科学在电子技术课程教学中的应用研究

将潜科学的理论与方法融入电子技术课程的教学,能使学生认识到电子技术和其它学科一样,遵循着一个酝酿、孕育和发展的过程,经过众多科学家的艰苦探索,不断地实现由潜到显的转化的客观规律．能使学生的智力潜能、科学思维能力和科学创造力得到进一步地开发,是全面提高学生素质的有效途径．     

感知蓝图模型在图书馆服务提升中的应用

服务蓝图展示了服务接触点,服务接触点是我们提高服务质量的着手点。服务质量差距模型调查了服务质量接触点的读者满意度。感知蓝图模型整合服务蓝图模型、服务质量差距模型和系统论思想。本文运用感知蓝图模型,探讨了提升图书馆服务质量的途径。     

论太平天国运动成败的关键

洪秀全依靠平等的思想原则,得到了广大农民群众的热烈拥护,太平天国运动因此而发生发展起来。1853年定都南京后,他却抛弃了平等的思想原则,搞等级森严的封建统治,失去了军心民心,太平天国运动因此由强至弱地衰败下去。可以说,平等原则是太平天国成败的双刃剑。     

Only a game? Player misery across game boundaries

ABSTRACT

Videogames often confront players with frustratingly difficult challenges, fearsome enemies, and tragic stories. As such, they can evoke feelings of failure, sadness, anger, and fear. Although these feelings are usually regarded as undesirable, many players seem to enjoy videogames which cause them. In this paper, I argue that player misery often originates from a fictional or lusory attitude which brackets game events from real-life, making the player’s emotions solely relevant within the game context. As they are part of the game themselves, these negative emotions can be enjoyed and easily relativized, since players can acknowledge that their cause is ‘only a game’. However, there are feelings of misery associated with the playing of videogames which are not caused by either the game’s fiction or challenge. In the last part of this paper, I describe a qualitatively different kind of player misery: one that is caused by elements that are not perceived as part of the game by the player, and is not bracketed from real life by a lusory or fictional attitude.     

对女子举重运动员抓举第一次试举失败原因的探析

采用现场观察与统计的方法,并结合面访与调查,就我国女子举重运动员抓举第一次试举失败的原因进行探析。结果显示,心理状态不佳、准备活动不当、技术发挥失常、第一次试举重量过高等,是导致其试举失败的主要原因。     

无创正压通气治疗急性左心衰的临床研究

目的：观察机械通气治疗急性左心衰的疗效。方法：60例急性左心衰患者,随机分为常规治疗组和无创通气组,无创通气组在常规治疗基础上加用机械通气治疗,观察通气前后心率（HR）、呼吸频率（RR）,平均动脉压（MAP）及血气分析（pH、PaO2、SaO2、PaCO2）的变化及临床症状的改善情况。结果：机械通气治疗后,患者呼吸困难明显改善,生命体征很快稳定,血气分析指标明显好转。结论：对各种不同原因引起的急性左心衰,机械通气能及时有效的改善患者的临床症状及低氧血症,是抢救急性左心衰的有效措施。     

Approaches to Study and the Quality of Learning. Some Empirical Evidence from Engineering Education

In the late 1990s failure rates in a first-year introductory calculus course at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology reached peak levels. This paper reports on findings from an action research project that was set up in 2002/2003 to improve the situation. The study confirms that students approach their tasks differently which contributes to qualitatively different learning outcomes. Furthermore, patterns of achievement in mathematics and physics in secondary education keep reoccurring in the calculus course, even though the teaching and learning contexts are different. The paper does not provide any definite answer as to why groups of students get involved in distinctly different learning processes, and it will take further research to decide the nature of commitment to the learning tasks. However, inspired by the notion of ‘practices’ this paper raises a discussion about the role of intentionality in learning processes. When doing mathematics, students are also in a process of being engaged in and developing a practice. It is a major challenge for academic staff to contribute to communities of practice that are conducive to learning.     

农村金融发展中的市场失灵、政府失灵与财政对策

农业生产的弱质性和财政支农的"缺位"与"错位",引发了农村金融发展中的"市场失灵"和"政府失灵",导致农村金融发展滞后。为促进农村金融发展,应该加大财政支农力度,加快多层次金融体系建设,增加需方补贴,强化供方激励,完善风险防范与补偿机制,释放金融供给潜力。     

创业失败学习对新企业绩效的作用机制研究

成功的创业者大多经历失败,但经历失败的创业者并不一定能走向成功。能否将失败视为学习机会并从中进行有效学习对新企业发展具有重要影响。在以往研究的基础上,编制创业失败学习问卷,并检验创业失败学习与新企业绩效的关系,探索团队创业精神对该过程的作用机制。通过292份有效问卷的数据分析表明,创业失败学习可以区分为认知改变和能力提升两个维度,创业失败学习与团队创业精神、新企业绩效具有显著正相关关系,且团队创业精神中集体创新和协作进取两个维度作为中介变量影响创业失败学习与新企业绩效的关系。