Multilingual modeling of cross-lingual spelling variants

Technical term translations are important for cross-lingual information retrieval. In many languages, new technical terms have a common origin rendered with different spelling of the underlying sounds, also known as cross-lingual spelling variants (CLSV). To find the best CLSV in a text database index, we contribute a formulation of the problem in a probabilistic framework, and implement this with an instance of the general edit distance using weighted finite-state transducers. Some training data is required when estimating the costs for the general edit distance. We demonstrate that after some basic training our new multilingual model is robust and requires little or no adaptation for covering additional languages, as the model takes advantage of language independent transliteration patterns. We train the model with medical terms in seven languages and test it with terms from varied domains in six languages. Two test languages are not in the training data. Against a large text database index, we achieve 64–78 % precision at the point of 100% recall. This is a relative improvement of 22% on the simple edit distance.     

Construction of query concepts based on feature clustering of documents

In Information Retrieval, since it is hard to identify users’ information needs, many approaches have been tried to solve this problem by expanding initial queries and reweighting the terms in the expanded queries using users’ relevance judgments. Although relevance feedback is most effective when relevance information about retrieved documents is provided by users, it is not always available. Another solution is to use correlated terms for query expansion. The main problem with this approach is how to construct the term-term correlations that can be used effectively to improve retrieval performance. In this study, we try to construct query concepts that denote users’ information needs from a document space, rather than to reformulate initial queries using the term correlations and/or users’ relevance feedback. To form query concepts, we extract features from each document, and then cluster the features into primitive concepts that are then used to form query concepts. Experiments are performed on the Associated Press (AP) dataset taken from the TREC collection. The experimental evaluation shows that our proposed framework called QCM (Query Concept Method) outperforms baseline probabilistic retrieval model on TREC retrieval.     

Two-stage statistical language models for text database selection

As the number and diversity of distributed Web databases on the Internet exponentially increase, it is difficult for user to know which databases are appropriate to search. Given database language models that describe the content of each database, database selection services can provide assistance in locating databases relevant to the information needs of users. In this paper, we propose a database selection approach based on statistical language modeling. The basic idea behind the approach is that, for databases that are categorized into a topic hierarchy, individual language models are estimated at different search stages, and then the databases are ranked by the similarity to the query according to the estimated language model. Two-stage smoothed language models are presented to circumvent inaccuracy due to word sparseness. Experimental results demonstrate that such a language modeling approach is competitive with current state-of-the-art database selection approaches.     

版权标记技术及其前景展望

分析数字水印和数字指纹的特征、攻击分析及其在数字作品版权保护中的作用，并对版权标记技术的发展前景作出展望。     

图书情报学与传播学理论交叉研究综述

在调研近十几年传播学与图书情报学交叉研究论文的基础上，对传播学与图书情报学的学科比较研究、学科交叉研究等方面进行综述，并对发展趋势作出预测。     

信息法学的研究视角与重点研究领域分析

分析信息法学的研究层次，重点探讨信息法学的研究视角，包括科学研究原理视角、不同学科研究视角、法学理论视角、信息法律体系结构视角、信息活动相关领域视角和研究方法视角，并在已有研究的基础上，提出信息法学新的重点研究领域，包括信息立法动力研究、信息法律体系研究、信息法学学科建设研究。     

陕西省信息服务业的发展研究

概述陕西省信息服务业发展现状，分析该产业在发展中存在的问题，提出发展陕西省信息服务业的若干战略。     

基于数字资源的期刊联合目录数据库建设

为今后深入开展期刊信息资源整合机制方面的研究，本文从数据的收集、数据的规范和整合两方面探讨创建一个以期刊为纽带的链接数据库的方法、途径和实施步骤，并对此链接数据库未来的发展方向进行展望。     

我国图书馆学情报学基金论文产出力调查研究与定量分析

调查研究1996～2003年4月间我国图书馆学、情报学基金论文情况(包括论文数量、类别及年代分布、期刊分布、主题分布)和基金论文作者情况(包括作者系统分布、地区分布、多产作者分布、职称分布、合作类型分布)，并对有关数据进行定量分析。     

从两次ACA分析看情报科学的发展

就美国情报学家怀特(White)分别于1981年、1998年进行的两次ACA(作者同被引分析)结果的差异进行分析，并对情报科学的发展脉络及变化趋势进行探讨。