光子探测器响应DTC[nr(r)]校准方法及应用

介绍了光子计数器的结构、工作原理并对其进行了响应校准。讨论了光子计数器在小型米散射激光雷达信号探测系统中的应用。     

基于SEVNDB试样岩石复合断裂韧度测试:数值分析与标定

提出了一种利用非对称三点弯曲加载下的单边垂直切槽深梁试件(SEVNDB)开展岩石Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合断裂韧度测试方法。通过有限元法对试件的无量纲应力强度因子进行了数值分析与标定,研究了无量纲应力强度因子YⅠ、YⅡ及无量纲T应力T*与裂纹长度a、支座间距S1、S2之间的关系,定量刻画了实现纯Ⅱ型加载对应的裂纹长度a、支座间距(S1和S2)数值。研究结果表明,该方法在不改变试样裂缝倾角的前提下,通过调整裂缝长度a和支座间距S1、S2,即可方便地实现从纯Ⅰ型到纯Ⅱ型任意复合度载荷作用下的岩石断裂韧度测试。     

CS5460A在高精度工频电参数仪表中的应用

本文介绍了CS5460A芯片的特点、工作原理及其在高精度工频电压、电流、功率、功率因数、频率表中的应用。     

Wrist-based cut-points for moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity for the Actical accelerometer in adults

Wrist-based accelerometers are increasingly used to assess physical activity (PA) in population-based studies; however, cut-points to translate wrist-based accelerometer counts into PA intensity categories are still needed. The purpose of this study was to determine wrist-based cut-points for moderate- and vigorous-intensity ambulatory PA in adults for the Actical accelerometer. Healthy adults (n = 24) completed a four-phase treadmill exercise protocol (1.9, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.2 mph) while wearing an Actical accelerometer on their wrist. Metabolic equivalent of task (MET) levels were assessed by indirect calorimetry. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were generated to determine accelerometer counts that maximised sensitivity and specificity for classification of moderate (≥3 METs) and vigorous (>6 METs) ambulatory activity. The area under the ROC curves to discriminate moderate- and vigorous-intensity ambulatory activity were 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90–0.97; P < 0.001) and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.94–0.99; P < 0.001), respectively. The identified cut-point for moderate-intensity ambulatory activity was 1031 counts per minute, which had a corresponding sensitivity and specificity of 85.6% and 87.5%, respectively. The identified cut-point for vigorous intensity ambulatory activity was 3589 counts per minute, which had a corresponding sensitivity and specificity of 88.0% and 98.7%, respectively. This study established intensity-specific cut-points for wrist-based wear of the Actical accelerometer which are recommended for quantification of moderate- and vigorous-intensity ambulatory activity.     

智能型精密校准仪的研制

该文研究了利用单片机实现标准信号的输出和信号测量的方法,以及对PF27-4型精密校准仪的研制。     

基于定标器高程差的InSAR参数定标

现有InSAR参数定标都是基于定标器的绝对高程,因此定标器的绝对高程测量精度是影响参数定标精度的重要因素之一。绝对高程测量方法受各种因素的影响,高精度测量的成本高、难度大,但视距内的定标器高程差测量相对容易、成本低、精度高,因此本文提出了利用定标器高程差进行参数定标的算法,不仅避免了定标器绝对高程的高精度测量问题,还能改善定标敏感度矩阵的病态性,并针对此方法给出了定标器的布放规则。仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性,同时重建出精确的相对地形高程。     

Evaluation of wrist and hip sedentary behaviour and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity raw acceleration cutpoints in older adults

Wrist-based accelerometers are now common in assessing physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) in population-based studies, but there is a scarcity of raw acceleration cutpoints in older adults. The study aimed to determine and evaluate wrist-based GENEActiv (GA) and hip-based ActiGraph GT3X+ (AG) raw acceleration cutpoints for SB and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) in older adults ≥60 years of age. A laboratory-based calibration analyses of 34 healthy older adults involved receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves to determine raw acceleration cutpoints for SB and MVPA. ROC analysis revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.88 for GA SB and MVPA, and 0.90 for AG SB and 0.94 for AG MVPA. Sensitivity optimised SB and specificity optimised MVPA GA cutpoints of 57 mg and 104 mg, and AG cutpoints of 15 mg and 69 mg were also generated, respectively. Cross-validation analysis revealed moderate agreement for GA and AG SB cutpoints, and fair to substantial agreement for GA and AG MVPA cutpoints, respectively. The resultant cutpoints can classify older adults as engaging in SB or not engaging in MVPA but the sensitivity optimised SB cutpoints should be interpreted with a degree of caution due to their modest cross-validation results.     

利用稀疏GCP的多航摄条带机载InSAR定标方法

提出一种利用条带间连接点进行多条带干涉定标的方法.该方法利用条带间重叠区的连接点作为控制点,既实现了多条带数据的干涉定标,又有效减少了地面控制点数量. 实验结果表明,该方法可以准确获取各条带的干涉定标参数,并能解决实际应用中大量布设地面控制点的问题,降低了外定标工作的困难.     

机载三基线干涉合成孔径雷达的系统参数估计

针对机载刚性三基线干涉合成孔径雷达的应用需求,在存在干涉相位噪声的情况下,研究基于2个地面控制点估计系统基线倾角和干涉相位偏差的问题,分析干涉相位噪声对参数估计精度的影响,提出一种三基线联合参数估计方法.使用牛顿法求解系统参数估计方程,根据不同基线的高程测量精度,对目标函数进行加权处理,并使用不同基线得到的高程差来评价参数估计效果.仿真结果表明,相比于传统的单基线参数估计方法,该方法具有较高的参数估计精度.     

Calibration of pipe roughness coefficient based on manning formula and genetic algorithm

This paper presents a method to calibrate pipe roughness coefficient (i.e., Manning n-factor) with genetic algorithm (GA) under multiple loading conditions. Due to the old pipe age as well as deleting valves and blends in the skeleton of distribution network, most of the pipes in hydraulic model of practical water distribution system (WDS) are rough. The commonly used Hazen-Williams C-factor is therefore replaced by Manning n-factor in calibrating WDS hydraulic model. Adjustment to GA is designed, and the program efficiency is improved. A case study shows that the adjustment can save 60% of the total runtime. About 90% of the relative differences between simulated and observed pressures at monitoring locations are lower than 3%, which suggests that the proposed adjustment to the calibration is efficient and effective.