Epistemological beliefs and self-regulated learning with hypertext

This study investigated the relationship between epistemological beliefs, prior domain knowledge and self-regulated learning. Biology students (n?=?25) and humanities students (n?=?26) who varied in their epistemological beliefs learned with a hierarchical hypertext about the topic of genetic fingerprinting. During their learning processes, logfiles and questionnaire data were collected. Results indicate that students do metacognitively calibrate their learning process to the complexity of the presented learning material, e.g. by processing more complex deeper-level nodes longer. Furthermore, these calibration processes were significantly related to epistemological beliefs. For example, more ‘sophisticated’ epistemological beliefs were associated with processing more nodes, whereas more ‘naïve’ beliefs were related to spending more time on single nodes. Both effects were especially pronounced on deeper hierarchical hypertext levels. Prior domain knowledge also had an impact, especially on comprehensibility ratings: biology students considered all nodes more comprehensible than humanities students. Additionally, epistemological beliefs as well as prior domain knowledge were also significantly associated with the learning outcome: for example, more prior domain knowledge led to significantly higher learning outcome.     

天车称重系统解析

以河北钢铁集团唐山钢铁有限责任公司一钢轧厂240t天车称重系统为例,介绍天车称重系统的硬件结构、工作原理、传输方式、仪表功能、称重传感器原理、钢丝绳补偿、信号传输、称重仪表等,结合在生产中的实际运行状况,总结出在生产维护中的常见问题,并提出具体的解决方法。     

储油罐变位后油量的计算模型与校正方法

探讨储油罐的变位识别与罐容表标定问题。通过设置合适的坐标系,使用截面分析和近似简化、坐标变换等技巧,推导出椭圆型小储油罐和实际储油罐在发生变位时,储油量与油高之间的函数关系;对照理论计算与实验数据,发现非线性误差,运用函数拟合,对模型做出修正,并利用实验数据验证了修正的有效性;针对实际储油罐的测量数据,通过最小二乘法确定油罐的变位参数,并对数据结果进行了具体分析。     

基于Lagrange插值法的储油罐变位识别与罐容表标定

讨论储油罐的变位识别及变位后罐容表的标定。为得出油罐变位后的液体容量,利用微积分的思想建立积分模型、并用实验数据建立插值模型,给出了完整的罐容表标定值,且通过误差分析,验证标定值的正确性。对于实际储油罐的实测数据,利用分层搜索法确定变位参数,并进行灵敏度分析,得出了纵向倾斜的灵敏度远大于横向偏转的结论。     

服装结构设计中制板校验技术的探讨

服装制板是服装成衣设计系统工程中的一个关键因素。服装制板中相关结构线形式和线形态的衔接处容易出现误差,解决这些误差的关键技术是制板中要注意结构曲线和结构直线衔接的校验;制板结构线形态要注意部件衔接的校验。     

利用稀疏GCP的多航摄条带机载InSAR定标方法

提出一种利用条带间连接点进行多条带干涉定标的方法.该方法利用条带间重叠区的连接点作为控制点,既实现了多条带数据的干涉定标,又有效减少了地面控制点数量.实验结果表明,该方法可以准确获取各条带的干涉定标参数,并能解决实际应用中大量布设地面控制点的问题,降低了外定标工作的困难.     

Indirect estimation of cable tension during gymnastic movements on rings

Knowledge of external forces acting on an athlete is often required to study performance and injury mechanisms, but direct measurements are difficult to obtain. While transducers in the rings cables typically measure external forces experienced by gymnasts performing static balances and swinging movements on rings, this solution is not always acceptable and an accurate technique that does not hinder the gymnasts’ performances is desirable. This study evaluates a video-based technique for estimating cable tension on the rings apparatus. Static loading of a rings frame coupled with a planar video analysis of the mandatory damped elastic devices (DEDs) provided a tension-deflection calibration curve. Three-dimensional video and cable tension data were obtained for two male gymnasts performing static balances and dynamic swinging movements. Cable tension was measured using a force link while a planar video analysis determined time histories of the DED deflections. Combined cable tension time histories were estimated fromrelative DED deflections coupled with the tension-deflection calibration curve and the orientation of the rings cables, and were compared to measured values to evaluate the proposed technique. For static balances the RMS difference between measured and estimated combined cable tension was 83 N. For dynamic swinging movements the maximum RMS difference was 189 N, equivalent to a 4% difference when expressed as a percentage of the peak value. The indirect video-based technique developed in this study accurately estimates combined cable tension throughout movements on rings and may be considered for studies where a remote measurement is required. There is potential for the technique to be extended to other sporting situations, where indirect accurate estimates of external forces acting on an athlete are needed.     

Elbow joint kinematics during cricket bowling using magneto-inertial sensors: A feasibility study

Magnetic and inertial measurement units (MIMUs) may provide an accessible, three-dimensional, in-field alternative to laboratory-restricted marker-based motion capture. Existing upper limb MIMU models have predominantly been validated with low-velocity motion and their suitability for use with sport-based movements remains relatively untested. We propose a MIMU system approach to enable the estimation of anatomically meaningful and participant-specific elbow kinematics with considerations for use with cricket bowling. A novel standardised elbow reference posture of 90 degrees flexion and 0 deg pronation, and functional definition of elbow joint axes of rotation calibrated the MIMU method model before it was validated across three experiments: (1) simple elbow rotations with a mechanical linkage; (2) low-velocity elbow rotations in human participants; and (3) low-medium velocity sport-based movements in human participants. The proposed MIMU method demonstrated high elbow kinematic measurement agreement when compared with a criterion measure across all three conditions. However, during experiment 3, sensor components neared their measurement capacity and the MIMU method elbow flexion measurement variability increased. We conclude that the proposed MIMU method can estimate anatomically referenced, participant-specific joint angles, however, the hardware specifications of currently available systems may limit application in high-velocity/acceleration situations, preventing the measurement of cricket bowling in-field for now.     

Exploring the Relationship between Calibration and Self-Regulated Learning

The calibration and self-regulated learning literatures were reviewed. Calibration is a measure of how accurately individuals assess their confidence in their own knowledge. Self-regulated learning is a process of developing goals, using strategies, and monitoring performance in order to complete tasks. Individual characteristics, self-testing, and feedback are common components of both calibration and self-regulated learning; however, the specific aspects of these components often differ. Different levels of calibration might suggest different applications of self-regulated learning or different phases in task completion or learning. Certain types of self-regulation might impact calibration. These reciprocal effects between calibration and self-regulation are unclear and should be evaluated. Determining whether self-regulated learners can and should become well calibrated also is an important instructional design issue. Suggestions for research are presented.     

A new computing multivariate spectral analysis method based on wavelet transform

This paper proposes a new algorithm for multivariate calibration named Principal Component Regression Based on Wavelet (PCRW) which combines wavelet decomposition technique with the factor analysis method for establishing a duplicate denoising mechanism. A practical example in spectral analysis of a typical multicomponent pharmaceutical system was used to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. It was shown that PCRW produced fewer prediction errors than those obtained by using PCR. Project (39870940) supported by NSFC.