项目式教学法在国际经济与贸易课程中的应用

国际经济与贸易专业课程具有理论性、实践性、国际性和交叉性相统一的特点,而现行教学却不能充分体现这些特点.项目式教学法是一个较好地契合和体现这些特点的教学方法.实践证明,根据项目式教学法原理提出的"国际经济与贸易课程外包"教学方案是一个较好提升学习兴趣和教学效果的方案.     

Federalization of education in Chihuahua

This article examines the politics behind the initial centralization of primary education in Chihuahua, Mexico during the 1920s and 1930s. The article argues that the centralization of primary education was one of many tools used by the federal government to consolidate its power in the wake of the Mexican Revolution (1910–1917) and create a corporatist state. Even before the Revolution, federal officials were concerned that neither states nor municipalities were capable of providing primary education (especially in rural areas) adequate to Mexico’s needs. Even though the 1917 Constitution gave control over primary education to the municipal government, Education Ministry (SEP) officials began taking major steps in centralizing primary education under the auspices of the federal government during the administration of Alvaro Obregón (1920–1924) by subsidizing state‐run primary schools and refusing to deal with municipal governments. Under Plutarco Elías Calles (1924–1928) the SEP undermined state‐run education by annulling all existing contracts with state governments and creating a parallel federal primary schools system. The federal government also tried to gain control over federal teachers by centralizing control over grassroots unions. The SEP’s drive to centralize control over schooling reached its climax during this period with the federalization of all primary schools in Chihuahua and Queretaro in 1935.     

The potential skills contribution of international students to South Africa

Abstract

There has been a significant increase in the number of international students, especially in those from other African countries, at South African universities over the last ten years. This has elicited some research, notably from Ramphele, Crush and McDonald (1999); Hall (2004); and Snowball and Antrobus (2005; 2006). However, none of these scholars considered the possibility of exploiting the skills potential of international students in South Africa, especially at a time when the country faces skills shortages. The authors conducted a survey at six higher education institutions (HEIs) in 2008, which sought to determine the skills profiles of international students in South Africa. It was found that the majority of international students are registered in disciplines where skills shortages exist, that a significant number of these students are young and that many would like to remain and work in South Africa. Labour policy makers in South Africa seem to be unaware of this, hence policy is ill-adapted to derive economic benefits from international students.     

适应经济发展新环境的国际贸易专业仿真实训研究

国际贸易专业的特点和中国社会经济发展的现实使得校企合作无法深入开展,毕业生或在校学生的实习实训很难真正落实。为解决专业需要较强的实践操作能力而学生又很难通过工学结合实现的矛盾,仿真实训就显得尤为重要。本文从构建课程仿真实训、模拟仿真软件实训、沙盘模拟仿真实训以及科学合理的仿真实训评价体系等方面出发,对适应经济发展新环境的国际贸易专业仿真实训进行了分析。     

陆军军官院校课程体系的变革与创新——中外陆军院校长论坛综述

2013年在陆军军官学院召开的“中外陆军院校长论坛”邀请了6所外军院校和4所解放军院校的院校长就“陆军军官院校课程体系的变革与创新”进行了研讨交流。本文主要就军官培养面临的挑战与军官培养模式改革、军官学校的科学文化课程变革、军官学校的军事与体育课程变革等主要议题,梳理中外院校长所阐发的观点和各国的实践。     

浅议生态难民的法律地位

生态难民,顾名思义可以简单描述为面对生态灾难而被迫逃离的人。生态难民现象古已有之,但生态难民的概念至今还没有被国际难民法确认。国际上缺少专门的对生态难民进行保护的法律制度与措施。生态难民制度的存在从社会需求层面、法律需求层面以及现实依据层面来说,是合理与必需的。生态难民与国际难民法所规定的政治难民不同,主要是由于生态灾害而造成。实际上,生态难民与政治难民是相联系的,很大一部分生态难民可以纳入到政治难民之中,利用现有的国际难民法进行保护。     

合作与企业国际化创新:政府参与的调节作用

本文利用2009-2011年之间科技部创新型企业数据库中样本企业的面板数据,通过回归分析,实证检验了企业间合作和产学研合作对于企业国际化创新的影响,并探究了政府参与在该过程中的权变机制。研究发现,企业间合作和企业国际化创新绩效是正向的线性关系,而产学研合作对企业国际化创新绩效具有倒U型影响。政府参与正向调节企业间合作对国际化创新的影响,并改善产学研合作与企业国际化创新绩效之间的关系。     

国际贸易、FDI与技术效率和技术进步

本文基于DEA的非参数方法测算了Malmquist生产率指数,并通过对其分解,计算出了东部、中部和西部地区的技术效率指数和技术进步指数,发现1987年以来,东部地区的全要素生产率增长主要是依赖技术进步,技术效率对全要素生产率增长的贡献较小,而中西部地区的全要素生产率增长主要是依赖技术效率的提高。然后从国际贸易和FDI的视角,利用省级动态面板数据实证研究发现主要是由于东部地区进出口贸易和FDI促进了技术效率和技术进步,对技术进步的影响系数大于对技术效率的影响系数,而中西部地区的进出口贸易和 FDI促进了技术效率,抑制了技术进步。     

中国专利活动国际化的渠道与模式分析

选取中国在USPTO所获发明专利最多的十个技术领域,通过专利发明人和专利权人信息分析了中国核心技术领域专利活动国际化渠道与模式.结果表明,不同技术领域专利活动的国际化渠道存在差别,在专利活动国际合作方面,图像分析、数据库管理（数据处理）和数字通信领域比较突出,合作对象主要是美国,其次是日本和新加坡;在外国对中国专利的跨国所有权方面,图像分析、数据库管理（数据处理）和语音信号（数据处理）领域最为突出,专利权主要被美国、芬兰及日本控制;在中国对外国专利的跨国所有权方面,中国仅拥有少数的跨国专利权.最后,从专利国际合作和跨国专利权两个方面,讨论了中国主要技术领域专利活动的国际化模式.     

国际商务谈判模拟教学实践探讨

为提高商务英语专业学生综合素质,达到＂应用型＂人才的培养目标,本文从改进教学方法的角度提出了关于构建商务环境下情景模拟体系的构想。从学生需求出发,经过几年教学探索和实践,以国际商务谈判课程为例,拟探讨环境模拟实验构建方法,以形成较成熟的体系构想。该成果对商务英语类课程教学效果和改革将有所帮助。