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11.
    
ABSTRACT

Brazil is a unique and vibrant country. Researching the diverse cultures of Brazil, although a fascinating pursuit for many individuals, is made difficult by the vast amount of information available for this topic, published in many different languages. In an effort to bring together materials from various sources, assess their quality, and provide a listing of high quality titles, this bibliography presents a compilation of relevant materials from a wide variety of resources.  相似文献   
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1959-1961年中国大饥荒是人类历史上最为严重的饥荒之一,对这次大饥荒的成因不同的学者有不同的见解,但究其根本原因,乃是集权与计划失误所造成的。各位学者在论证大饥荒成因时的不同视角,从根本上讲并没有否定这一根源,无论是“退社权”、“退堂权”还是“集体积累”说等等,如果抛开这个根本性因素便无法完整地解释大饥荒的成因。  相似文献   
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The challenge of using images for the history of education and childhood will be addressed in this article by looking at them as representations. Central is the relationship between representations and reality. The focus is on the power of paintings as representations of aspects of realities. First the meaning of representation for images as sources for the history of education and childhood – mirrors of realities, complex symbol systems or representations – is explained. A distinction is made between images of real people and images of patterns of human behaviour and the value of the phenomenon of historical sensation as a methodological instrument for insight in that relationship is dealt with. Second, a specific genre of paintings from the seventeenth century, namely portraits of dead children, will be described and analysed to make clear that their value for the history of education and childhood can be studied adequately only by using those images as representations and by interpreting them within the cultural rules and regulations of time and place. This analysis results in the conclusion that images should be considered in their function as representations of aspects of educational and childhood reality.  相似文献   
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International cooperation in history teaching and related teacher education requires clarification of terminology as well as of underlying concepts and theoretical foundations, since these levels are fundamentally intertwining. If these levels are addressed, both comparison and translation do not only make cooperation possible, but promise valuable contributions to the clarification of such concepts on either side. Being the German counterpart to the viewpoint of Peter Seixas, this article both corroborates and adds to his reflections. Three complexes of theory and terminology are addressed: ‘Geschichtsbewusstsein’ (‘historical consciousness’) with special regard to the concept of ‘Sinnbildung’ in Jörn Rüsen’s theory, the German focus on the concepts of source (‘Quelle’) compared to the Anglosaxon concept of ‘evidence’ and the challenges posed by translating Jörn Rüsen’s concept of ‘Triftigkeiten’ (plausibility) as a criterion for assessing the quality of historical statements.  相似文献   
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广西约有100多家Ⅳ类密封放射源核技术应用单位,300多人处于这些核技术应用单位的辐射工作岗位。文章通过对多年监测数据与国家标准限值比对分析,表明辐射工作人员因辐射工作受照射的剂量远低于国家标准。  相似文献   
17.
数学作文的命题研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
作为一种新兴的数学教育方式,数学作文是发扬教学民主,张扬学生数学个性,展示学生数学情感、态度与价值观,促进元认知能力和创新能力发展,丰富学生数学文化生活的有效方式.数学作文的命题对于数学作文教学的开展有着举足轻重的作用.文章以建构主义、人本主义学习理论和新课程的基本理念为理论指导,依据数学作文自身的特点,结合教学实践,对数学作文的命题进行了操作层面的系统研究.  相似文献   
18.
《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(3-4):161-176
No abstract available for this article.  相似文献   
19.
《Journalism Practice》2013,7(4):396-412
This paper analyses the attempts made by sources to influence journalistic interviews and the way journalists cope with these attempts both in Germany and the Netherlands. Based on interviews with journalists, examples from interviews, material from handbooks and Press Council complaints, a model is developed that describes the different options sources and journalists employ when negotiating interview conditions. When journalists fail to persuade reluctant sources, they can negotiate the conditions under which the interview is conducted. We found four different persuasion strategies (pathos, logos, ethos and financial), seven ‘conditions’ strategies (anonymity, format, subjects, interviewer, setting, duration, exclusivity) and three publication strategies (correction, authorisation, veto). Although journalists are reluctant to admit that they have been negotiating conditions, we found numerous examples of such agreements. Journalistic cultures in the Netherlands and Germany differ, but in both countries competition between media is high while the professionalism of sources has increased. Sources not only ask for special conditions but they are often granted such treatment.  相似文献   
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本文就"网上大学"这一现代教育进程中诞生的新生事物,阐述了它在现代信息社会发展中的地位和作用,指出了网上大学建设的现实意义,以及其所面临的诸多实际问题。如,因网上大学就是传统大学教育功能的放大或拓展,所以网上教育资源亟待充实,教育信息网站的建设极需加强和改进等,最后做了些与教育资源、教学信息网站构建相关的轮廓性研究。  相似文献   
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