猫肾低温保存过程中近曲小管超微结构变化

肾脏器官在低温离体保存过程中，血管内皮细胞和肾小管上皮细胞功能结构的完整性是维持器官功能的关键。近曲小管是肾脏完成肾小球滤过液重吸收过程最主要的功能结构区域。因其细胞结构特点，在低温保存过程中近曲小管上皮细胞对外环境发生变化最敏感。本文选取离体低温保存了0，24，48和72h的能皮质样品，利用透射电子显微镜切片观察其近曲小管超微结构，以了解肾脏在离体存活过程中导致肾脏功能衰退的近曲小管结构动态变化过程。结果显示了在低温保存的过程中，近曲小管刷状缘结构脱落在小管腔内重新聚集成囊状结构，阻塞肾小管，导致肾脏重吸收功能破坏。     

鸭蛋蛋黄粉对断乳小鼠心肾影响的病理观察

以断乳小鼠为研究对象,通过对采食不同剂量的蛋黄粉的断乳小鼠的心、肾重量和指数,HE染色后对其心脏和肾脏的病理切片观察和肾脏功能的血肌酐的检测。结果发现,采食蛋黄粉没有对小鼠心脏构成病理影响;而采食高剂量的蛋黄粉引起了小鼠肾脏的病理变化,并且也导致了血肌酐浓度的升高。     

独活寄生汤联合来氟米特治疗类风湿关节炎临床研究

目的:对独活寄生汤联合来氟米特片治疗类风湿关节炎的临床疗效进行观察。方法:对独活寄生汤联合来氟米特片治疗类风湿关节炎(肝肾亏虚型)的临床疗效进行回顾性分析;应用随机数字表把纳入的120例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,两组各60例,对照组给予来氟米特片治疗;治疗组予以独活寄生汤联合来氟米特片治疗,1疗程为6个月,分别于治疗前、治疗1个月、2个月、3个月对患者进行DAS-28评分并采用HAQ健康评估问卷进行生存质量评估。结果:治疗组总有效率、显效率分别为88.33%和80%;对照组总有效率、显效率分别为73.33%和61.61%。总有效率、显效率治疗组均显著优于对照组。两组患者HAQ评分、DAS-28评分在治疗1个月均有所改善,病情得到控制;两组患者HAQ评分、DAS-28评分在2个月后仍继续减少,病情初步缓解,较本组治疗前有显著性差异(P0.05),组间相比仍无显著性差异(P0.05);两组患者在治疗结束时HAQ评分、DAS-28评分明显减少,病情完全控制,较本组治疗前及治疗1个月有显著性差异(P0.05),组间相比均有显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:独活寄生汤联合来氟米特片可有效改善肝肾亏虚型型类风湿关节炎患者的临床症状及实验室指标,且无明显不良反应,提高生存质量,取得了满意效果。     

维生素C对金鲫头肾和脾脏免疫细胞的影响

采用投喂和组织学方法,研究不同剂量维生素C对金鲫头肾和脾脏免疫细胞数量的影响．结果表明：以维生素C1400mg·kg-1饲料和2800mg·kg-1饲料的剂量投喂金鲫6周后,与对照组相比,金鲫头肾和脾脏的细胞总数、淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞和黑色素巨噬细胞的数量明显增加,差异显著．该研究证明维生素C对金鲫头肾和脾脏免疫细胞的增殖有明显的促进作用．     

Estimated Creatinine Clearance, Homocysteine and High Sensitivity-C-Reactive Protein Levels Determination for Early Prediction of Nephropathy and Atherosclerosis Risk In Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) patients are increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Many studies had demonstrated that CKD is significantly associated with CVD. We aim to indicate the using estimated creatinine clearance (eCrCl), homocysteine (tHcy), and high sensitivity-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, may have an impact on the interpretation risk for nephropathy and CVD. eCrCl was using the Cockroft-Gault formula, eCrCl levels were stratified according to the Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative definition. We measured serum tHcy, hs-CRP, and the other biochemical variables in 54 T2D patients compared with 40 age matched healthy controls (NDM). T2D patients were significantly lower eCrCl than NDM (P < 0.05). T2D patients also showed significantly higher in tHcy, hs-CRP, and MDA levels than NDM subjects (P < 0.05). The eCrCl was significantly correlated with tHcy and hs-CRP levels in T2D patients (r = −0.504, P < 0.001; r = −0.282, P = 0.047). eCrCl had an impact on interpretation for CKD, especially in T2D patients. Decrease eCrCl concomitant with increased in tHcy, hs-CRP, and MDA levels may present a higher risk for future diabetic nephropathy and CVD.     

虎皮鹦鹉肾脏的组织学观察及TGF-β_2在肾脏中的表达

利用生物显微技术及免疫组织化学方法,对虎皮鹦鹉肾脏组织结构进行了观察,并检测了TGF-β_2在肾脏中的表达.结果表明:肾脏皮质与髓质分界不明显,主要由许多肾单位、集合管和少量的结缔组织组成.肾单位是肾结构和功能的基本单位,它由一个肾小体和一个与其连接的肾小管构成.肾小体体积小,数量多.肾小球结构简单,由一团蟠曲的毛细血管构成.近曲小管上皮细胞游离面有刷状缘,有的微绒毛几乎填满管腔,远曲小管和集合管管腔较大,腔面无刷状缘.近曲小管上皮细胞呈TGF-β_2免疫反应阳性.表明虎皮鹦鹉肾脏的结构特征与其功能相关.     

粉防己碱对运动性蛋白尿大鼠肾脏细胞凋亡的干预作用

目的:研究粉防己碱对运动性蛋白尿发生时肾脏细胞凋亡的干预作用。方法:将大量购进的符合实验要求的雄性Wistar大鼠先按每组15只随机分为安静对照组和安静干预组,其余大鼠每天行负重游泳训练连续2h,待复制出确切的运动性蛋白尿模型后随机纳入实验,并按每组15只将其分为过度训练对照组和过度训练干预组。安静对照组和过度训练对照组每日用pH7.4的磷酸盐缓冲液1.5ml/kg灌胃,安静干预组和过度训练干预组每日灌注粉防己碱30mg/kg,连续用药10d。安静对照组和安静干预组给药期间安静自由喂养,而过度训练对照组和过度训练干预组则需在给药后4h按原方案行负重游泳训练2h。用末端标记法检测各组大鼠肾组织细胞凋亡,采用图像分析仪计算肾脏细胞凋亡率。结果:过度训练对照组尿蛋白持续增高,肾皮质可见大量凋亡细胞,凋亡百分率明显高于其他各组(P<0.01)。过度训练干预组未见尿蛋白持续增高现象,肾组织仅见少量凋亡细胞数,凋亡百分率虽高于安静干预组与安静对照组,但仍明显低于过度训练对照组(P<0.01)。结论:过度训练可导致尿蛋白持续增加和肾脏细胞凋亡,粉防己碱可阻止过量运动所致的肾脏细胞凋亡,进而减轻运动性蛋白尿,对运动性肾损伤有保护作用。     

间歇低氧训练对大鼠肾脏EPO基因表达的影响

为探讨间歇低氧训练对大鼠肾脏。EPO mRNA基因表达的影响,为高原训练方案的制定提供理论依据,用RT-PCR技术检测大鼠肾脏。EPOmRNA水平。结果表明急性低氧应激后大鼠肾脏EPO mRNA表达水平均显著性升高(P<0.05),急性低氧运动组升高极显著(P<0.01);海拔3000 m间歇低氧训练组EPO mRNA表达水平显著性升高(P<0.05)。认为海拔3000 m的间歇低氧训练能稳定EPO mRNA表达的上调。提示3000 m的海拔高度可能是较适宜间歇低氧训练的海拔高度。     

Oxidative status parameters in children with urinary tract infection

Introduction:

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infectious diseases in children. The aim of this study was to determine the total prooxidant and antioxidant capacity of children with UTI, as well as changes of oxidative status parameters according to acute inflammation persistence and acute kidney injury (AKI) development.

Materials and methods:

The patients enrolled in the study comprised 50 Caucasian children (median age was 6 months) with UTI. Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP) and renal function parameters urea and creatinine were analyzed in patient’s serums.

Results:

According to duration of inflammation during UTI, TAS values were significantly higher (0.99 vs. 0.58 mmol/L, P = 0.017) and OSI values were significantly lower (0.032 vs. 0.041 AU, P = 0.037) in the subjects with longer duration of inflammation than in the subjects with shorter duration of inflammation. We did not find significant difference in basal values of oxidative status parameters according to AKI development.

Conclusions:

OSI values could detect the simultaneous change of TAS and TOS due to change in the oxidative-antioxidant balance during the recovery of children with UTI. TAS and OSI as markers of oxidative stress during UTI are sensitive to accompanying inflammatory condition. Further investigations are needed to evaluate whether TAS, TOS and OSI could be used to monitor disease severity in children with UTI.     

滇池微囊藻毒素对小鼠肾脏的毒性研究

为了探索滇池微囊藻毒素对小鼠肾脏的损伤作用,以滇池水华水样提取微囊藻毒素对小鼠进行连续灌胃,然后取其。肾组织石蜡包埋、HE染色后对小鼠肾脏组织进行显微结构观察．结果显示,小鼠肾脏形态未见明显异常,但肾小管因细胞脱落而结构不完整,细胞间隙有炎症细胞浸润．表明肾脏可能是微囊藻毒素的靶器官,微囊藻毒素通过破坏肾单位的结构,影响其生理功能．