Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated with impairment of kidney function in nondiabetes population

Background

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with the increased burden of kidney. However, there is still no large population study to explore the potential relationship between NAFLD and mild kidney function damage (MKFD) after adjusted for confounding factors. This study is to test the hypothesis that NAFLD is associated with MKFD under controlling the effects of confounding factors.

Materials and methods:

Levels of serum fasting glucose, creatinine, cholesterol, triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were analyzed from 1412 Chinese Han adults. Questionnaire and physical examination were performed to explore the potential association of NAFLD with kidney function.

Results:

NAFLD was associated with impairment of kidney function. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratio illustrated that, compared to subjects with normal liver, NAFLD subjects had a significantly higher risk of MKFD with or without adjusted for blood glucose and other covariates (P = 0.041). Further results from multi-interaction analysis demonstrated that the underlying mechanisms linked NAFLD with impaired kidney function may be that they share common risk factors and similar pathological processes.

Conclusions:

The most striking finding of this study is that NAFLD is negatively associated with kidney function, in nondiabetic population. NAFLD and MKFD may share similar risk factors and/or pathological processes.     

人工模拟高温环境下力竭性游泳训练对肾功能的影响——以肾小管损伤指数、血清肌酐、尿素含量及尿β2-MG含量为研究内容

目的:研究旨在观察人工模拟高温环境下力竭性游泳训练对肾小管损伤指数、血清肌酐、尿素含量及尿β2-MG含量的影响,从而了解人工模拟高温环境下肾脏功能的变化.结果:人工模拟高温环境下力竭性游泳训练可使ESP组大鼠血清Scr较ES组显著性上升(P＜0.05)、Urea显著性上升(P＜0.05),较C组非常显著性上升(P＜0.01);ESP组尿β2-MG含量较ES组显著性上升(P＜0.05),较C组非常显著性升高(P＜0.01).ESP组TI较ES组非常显著性上升(P＜0.01),较C组非常显著性升高(P＜o.o1).结论:人工模拟高温环境下力竭性游泳训练,可能会造成严重的肾小球、肾小管损伤,从而使肾小球滤过功能及肾小管重吸收功能下降.     

蛋白尿的肾毒性与运动性疲劳的伤肾病机及恢复探讨

蛋白尿具有肾毒性，会刺激多种炎症介质、免疫介质及细胞因子的分泌。蛋白尿属中医“尿浊”之范畴，过度运动所致的肾虚、湿热、血瘀是运动性蛋白尿产生的中医病机。蛋白尿与湿、热、瘀是运动性疲劳发生、发展的重要影响因素，是疲劳中导致肾气亏损的发生途径。提示疲劳恢复要补清并重，防治湿、热、瘀等实邪，并注意用微观指标弥补宏观辩证的不足。     

补充谷氨酰胺和大豆多肽对过度训练大鼠肾脏滤过屏障形态结构和尿液成分影响的研究

目的:探讨补充谷氨酰胺和大豆多肽对过度训练大鼠肾脏滤过屏障形态结构和功能的影响。方法:将40只雄性大鼠随机平均分为4组,分别为对照组(C)、过度训练组(OT)、过度训练 补充谷氨酰胺组(OG)和过度训练 补充大豆多肽组(OS)。检测各组大鼠尿液总蛋白、白蛋白和β-微球蛋白含量和观察各大鼠肾脏滤过屏障形态结构的变化。结果:电镜下,过度训练组大鼠肾组织出现毛细血管球系膜增生,基膜基质增多,足细胞肿胀、融合,裂孔不清晰等变化;OG组大鼠肾小球基底膜厚度均匀一致;足细胞排列有序,偶见足细胞足突有轻度融合现象,裂孔大小均匀一致;OS组肾小球基底膜厚度均匀,轻微增厚;足细胞排列有序,有足细胞足突有轻度融合现象,裂孔变小。与C组相比,OT组大鼠血清睾酮水平显著降低,皮质醇水平显著增高,尿液中的TP、Alb、β2-MG含量显著增高;与OT组相比,OG组和OS组TP、Alb、β2-MG含量显著降低。结论:8周递增负荷的跑台训练,成功的建立了大鼠过度训练模型,大鼠肾组织滤过屏障遭到显著破坏,形成了运动性尿蛋白;补充谷氨酰胺和大豆多肽对过度训练大鼠的肾脏滤过屏障形态结构有着维持作用,降低了过度训练大鼠尿液TP、Alb、β2-MG含...     

Radiographic anatomical insights into mechanism of lower calyceal stone evacuation following ESWL

This study was aimed to elucidate whether there is significant relationship between the lower calyceal anatomy and stone evacuation following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL). From April 1995 to November 1999, 145 patients with lower caliceal stones underwent ESWL with Storz Modulith SL20 lithotriptor. The pelvicalyecal angle, lower pole infundibular length and width, and lower pole calyceal pattern of the stone-bearing calyx were measured on pre-ESWL intravenous urograms. Abdominal plain film and ultrasonography taken of all patients at the 3-month followup showed that the overall stone-free rate was 65% after 3 months. The stone-free rate was significantly correlated to the radiographic anatomical factor, 94% in patients with a pelvicalyceal angle of 90 degrees or greater, 57% in those with less than 90 degrees pelvicalyceal angle; 80% in those with infundibular length of 30 mm or less, 59% in those with infundibular length greater than 30 mm; 73% in those with infundibular width greater than 4 mm, 48% in those with infundibular width of 4 mm or less; 85% in those with a simple calyceal pattern and 41% in those with a complex one. These findings suggest that the 4 radiographic anatomical factors of the lower pole calyx (pelvicalyceal angle, infundibular length and width and calyceal pattern) play an important role in stone evacuation after ESWL. Pelvicalyceal angle of 90 degrees or greater, infundibular length of 30 mm or less and width greater than 4 mm, and simple calyceal pattern are respectively noted to relate to an improved stone-free status. In contrast, an acute pelvicalyceal angle, long infundibular length and narrow infundibular width and complex calyceal pattern are individually unfavorable factors for stone emptying following ESWL.     

三种啮齿类动物肾脏结构比较研究

采用常规组织学方法观察和测量斯氏鼢鼠(Myospalax smithi)、棕色田鼠(Microtus mandarinus)和昆明种小白鼠(Mus musculus)(简称小鼠)肾脏的显微结构。结果表明:皮质与髓质的厚度比在三种鼠中有差异,其大小依次为:斯氏鼢鼠>棕色田鼠>小鼠;皮质迷路内近曲小管与远曲小管的数量比在三种鼠中也不相同,斯氏鼢鼠为1.92∶1,棕色田鼠为1.77∶1,小鼠为2.11∶1;三种鼠肾小囊腔的腔隙从小到大依次为:小鼠、棕色田鼠和斯氏鼢鼠。上述结果表明,小鼠肾脏重吸收能力大于棕色田鼠和斯氏鼢鼠,与它们的生境和食性密切相关。