网络型公用事业民营化中的双边机会主义与双边规制

在网络型公用事业中,由于垄断企业存在机会主义,因此必须对其进行规制。然而,很少有人关心政府的机会主义。实际上,无论是网络型公用事业的垄断经营者还是作为规制机构的政府均可能产生机会主义,即双边机会主义。因此,在我国公用事业民营化过程中,一套有效的规制制度不但包括对民营投资者的规制,还应包括对政府的规制。     

中国区域碳排放环境管制溢出效应研究

依据"电热碳分摊"原则测算出中国30个省级行政区(不包括西藏和港澳台地区)碳排放量,基于EKC理论,构建协整空间DURBIN模型,研究中国区域碳排放环境管制的空间溢出效应。结果表明:区域人均碳排放量、环境管制等变量存在着显著的空间相关性;区域人均碳排放量与区域人均地区生产总值之间存在着长期稳定的EKC曲线关系;本区域能源强度、产业结构、城市化率以及环境管制对本区域人均碳排放的直接效应(弹性)分别为0.690、0.181、0.029、-0.001,对邻近区域人均碳排放的溢出效应(弹性)分别为0.090、0.024、0.004、-0.036,本区域环境管制对邻近区域人均碳排放的溢出效应要明显高于其对本区域人均碳排放的直接效应。     

论信息市场的宏观调控

宏观调控是现代市场经济的基本特征,信息市场的繁荣和发展也离不开国家的宏观调控。文章从分析信息市场的交易特点和运行环境出发,比较系统地论述了中国信息市场宏观调控的具体对策。     

Emotional experience, expression, and regulation of high-quality Japanese elementary school teachers

The present study investigates the emotional experience, expression, and regulation processes of high-quality Japanese elementary school teachers while they interact with children, in terms of teachers’ emotional competence. Qualitative analysis of interview data demonstrated that teachers had various emotional experiences including self-elicited negative emotions. The major expression patterns were identified as direct staging and the suppression of emotions. Teachers considered emotion expression in front of children as a skill, and their emotion regulation processes involved considering various purposes, appropriately using emotion expression, and ideal teacher images. The findings suggest that high-quality teachers effectively use emotional competence in teaching.     

Understanding the association between future time perspective and self-regulated learning through the lens of self-determination theory

The present cross-sectional research examined a process underlying the positive association between holding an extended future time perspective (FTP) and learning outcomes through the lens of self-determination theory. High school students and university students (N = 275) participated in the study. It was found that students with an extended FTP regulated their study behaviour on the basis of several internal motives, including feelings of guilt and shame (introjected regulation), personal conviction (identified regulation) and interest (intrinsic motivation). The association with identified regulation was strongest and the association with intrinsic motivation fell below significance when controlling for identified regulation. Moreover, introjected and identified regulation emerged as mediators accounting for the association between FTP and cognitive processing. Further, to the extent that FTP engenders an internally pressuring mode of regulation it was found to be indirectly negatively associated with determination/metacognitive strategy use. In contrast to FTP, a present fatalistic and present hedonic time-orientation yielded more negative motivational and learning correlates. The link between FTP and self-determination theory is discussed.     

Socially shared metacognition of dyads of pupils in collaborative mathematical problem-solving processes

This study investigated how metacognition appears as a socially shared phenomenon within collaborative mathematical word-problem solving processes of dyads of high-achieving pupils. Four dyads solved problems of different difficulty levels. The pupils were 10 years old. The problem-solving activities were videotaped and transcribed in terms of verbal and nonverbal behaviours as well as of turns taken in communication (N = 14 675). Episodes of socially shared metacognition were identified and their function and focus analysed. There were significantly more and longer episodes of socially shared metacognition in difficult as compared to moderately difficult and easy problems. Their function was to facilitate or inhibit activities and their focus was on the situation model of the problem or on mathematical operations. Metacognitive experiences were found to trigger socially shared metacognition.     

试析课程编制过程中的落差——现象学视角

学生课业负担的许多客观事实显示,课程编制过程中存在着两级落差。从改革初衷到课程标准的第一级落差,主源自各自追求本学科可能发展区间的最大化以及总体协商、调控机制的缺乏;从课程标准到教科书的第二级落差,主源自某些标准的引申、充实、拓展失度,目标把握失当,教材都挤内容拓展一条道。控制落差的主对策是:降低课程编制的决策风险,加强实证研究,改进与完善评估机制。     

宗教、社会与权力关系——“宗教市场论”的社会学解读

以斯达克等为代表的宗教市场论自其诞生以来就受到学界的广泛关注,该理论在备受诟病的同时,也颠覆了宗教世俗化理论的固有范式,开启了当代宗教社会学研究的新视野。就宏观层次而言,斯达克的宗教市场论是一独特的宗教结构论,它不仅对宗教现象和宗教活动展开分析,同时也涉及到宗教与个体信仰、国家、社会、政治等相互之间多重复杂的互动关系。可以认为,宗教市场论新范式为当代学界研究中国宗教现象提供了一个全新的理论视角,刺激了更多的学者来推动中国宗教社会学的实证研究,以获取丰富数据和事实来检验宗教市场论的命题在中国情境中的适用性。同时,宗教市场论亦可为宗教管理当局和宗教组织提供有益借鉴,为宗教管理方式和宗教发展思路开拓一个新的途径。     

中国特殊制度禀赋约束下规制困境与规制治理结构的重构

政府规制作为一种治理方式和制度安排,受到一国特定的制度禀赋约束。本文首先从经济、政治与法律、社会三个层面剖析了中国政府规制所面临的特殊制度禀赋约束,即转轨期的经济体制、尚待健全的政治与法律体制以及不发达的公民社会,然后探索了中国特殊制度禀赋约束下政府规制面临的困境,最后引入多中心治理理论分析视角,重构规制治理结构,以解决规制困境,提升规制绩效。     

后危机时代金融顺周期效应的重新审视

金融的顺周期性主要表现为金融变量和金融主体行为对经济周期波动的一种加强和放大作用,它加深了经济的衰退,延缓了经济的复苏;金融的顺周期性广泛存在于各国金融市场,但在不同金融主体、不同经济时期、不同国家和地区具有差异性;金融的顺周期性,一方面源自于金融主体自身的行为,另一方面外部强化金融监管又进一步放大了波动的幅度,因此必须采取有效的政策来缓释金融顺周期效应,加强审慎性监管和市场的透明度,更好地为金融系统和实体经济的稳健发展服务。