关于英语专业蒙古族学习者英语学习策略的研究

随着我国民族高等教育的发展,少数民族英语学习者学习策略的研究受到越来越多的外语教育者的关注。笔者从学生不同阶段策略使用的差异性、考试成绩与策略使用的差异性等几个方面进行了分析描述,得出结论：策略使用频率由高到低为：认知策略（元认知策略（记忆策略（社交策略（补偿策略（情感策略;记忆策略和情感策略在不同的学习阶段存在差异,其他策略不存在差异;入学成绩与其学习策略中的认知策略和补偿策略具有相关性。     

Growth in toddlers’ Spanish,English, and conceptual vocabulary knowledge

This longitudinal study modeled growth rates, from ages 24 to 36 months, in English, Spanish, and conceptual (i.e., combination of English and Spanish vocabulary items in terms of known concepts) productive vocabulary among 36 children from low-income homes. Individual growth modeling was employed using scores from the MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventory (CDI; Fenson et al., 2007) and the MacArthur Inventarios del Desarrollo de Habilidades Comunicativas (IDHC; Jackson-Maldonado et al., 2003) which were completed by parents every three months. Results demonstrate that students started out below national norms for monolinguals in English and Spanish vocabulary and their rates of growth did not allow them to reach age-appropriate levels even when applied beyond the age range for which the parent reports were designed. However, shifts toward more English use were documented. Additionally, when conceptual vocabulary growth was considered, the magnitude of the vocabulary gap relative to national norms was not as pronounced, underscoring the need attend to both languages. Theoretical, policy, and practical implications concerning dual language learning prior to formal school entry are discussed.     

Mean Effects of Test Accommodations for ELLs and Non‐ELLs: A Meta‐Analysis of Experimental Studies

The objective was to examine the impact of different types of accommodations on performance in content tests such as mathematics. The meta‐analysis included 14 U.S. studies that randomly assigned school‐aged English language learners (ELLs) to test accommodation versus control conditions or used repeated measures in counter‐balanced order. Individual effect sizes (Glass's d) were calculated for 50 groups of ELLs and 32 groups of non‐ELLs. Individual effect sizes for English language and native language accommodations were classified into groups according to type of accommodation and timing conditions. Means and standard errors were calculated for each category. The findings suggest that accommodations that require extra printed materials need generous time limits for both the accommodated and unaccommodated groups to ensure that they are effective, equivalent in scale to the original test, and therefore more valid owing to reduced construct‐irrelevant variance. Computer‐administered glossaries were effective even when time limits were restricted. Although the Plain English accommodation had very small average effect sizes, inspection of individual effect sizes suggests that it may be much more effective for ELLs at intermediate levels of English language proficiency. For Spanish‐speaking students with low proficiency in English, the Spanish test version had the highest individual effect size (+1.45).     

试论KISS原则在教学系统设计中的把握

“KISS”原则就是“简单化”原则。如何在复杂的教学系统中把握KISS原则,将会直接影响教学的效果。它贯穿于整个教学过程中,尤其是在教学目标、学习者分析和教学媒体的选择等等几个方面。     

Who teaches English learners? A study of the quality,experience, and credentials of teachers of English learners in a new immigrant destination

Using data from North Carolina, a new immigrant destination, we estimate differences in the quality, experience, and credentials of teachers of English learners (ELs) and teachers of native English speakers. We find that ELs are systematically assigned teachers who are more likely to have a related credential, experience teaching ELs, and experience teaching overall but who are less likely to have earned accomplished or distinguished principal ratings and who have lower value-added scores. Results suggest that school leaders assign ELs to teachers whose experience or training suggest they are prepared to support this population, but who are less effective.     

成人学习者专业选择指导现状的研究

事实表明,许多成人学习在选择适合自己背景和心理倾向特征的专业时经常遇到困难,而目前我国在这方面的指导仍是空白。该研究便采用献研究方法在阐明成人学习专业选择指导重要性的基础上,总结国内外成人学习专业选择指导的理论和方法。希望借本呼吁加强对成人学习专业选择的指导和支持,同时也希望本能够为中国的成人学习专业选择指导的研究提供理论基础和重要铱据。     

会话中的回声式反应——中国的大学专业英语学习者与英语本族语使用者对比研究

对来自西南大学的10位英语专业四年级学生进行了一个英语会话测试以便收集其会话语料,并对他们与Zhang(2002)所报告的本族语使用者在英语会话中使用回声式反应的比率进行了对比分析。结果显示,与本族语使用者相比,学生在英语交谈中,对回声式反应使用不足。该结果的启示是,应把英语本族语使用者的口语语料库作为中国大学的英语口语课程的材料编写的最有效的来源之一,以便于学习者观察和模仿到更为地道的英语口语表达。     

学习风格与英语课堂教学关系初探

近20年来,英语教学研究的重心已从教学法转向了学习者及其在学习中的作用,"以学生为中心"围绕学习者进行教学"已成为当今国内外外语教学界的一个时髦话题,学习风格———作为构成学习者个体特征的主要因素之一,已越来越受到众多学者及外语教师的关注。通过实施对中学生学习风格的系统性研究,有利于教师根据学生的学习风格有效地进行教学。对于学习者而言,了解自身的学习风格,并通过拓展自己的风格类型,则有利于他们去主动适应不同教师的教学风格,从而达到最佳的学习效果。     

要重视解决数学差生问题

强调重视数学差生问题，剖析了产生数学差生的一个重要原因，并指出了解决的途径。     

Providing Quality Library Service to the Adult Learner: Views of Students,Faculty, and Administrators

Summary

The adult learner in the academic environment faces some unique problems and challenges. Balancing work, family, and a job are just a few examples. Technological changes in information retrieval and research, and in the use of the library can also magnify the adult learner's problems.

The study targets adult learners at Penn State Erie, The Behrend College. Focus groups and questionnaires are used to gather information from both active and non library users among the adult population: their views about the library environment, library resources, service, instruction, other traditional students, and staff. Perceptions about the adult learner are also obtained through face to face interviews with teaching faculty and administrators. Findings from the study will assist librarians to better understand the needs and expectations of the adult learner, and plan accordingly to meet these demands.