改良广播体操对男性大学生机体血脂代谢的影响

观察改良广播体操对30名男性大学生机体血脂代谢的影响。选择无遗传病史,无经常锻炼史的30名男性大学生为受试对象,每天进行两次30 min多组数的改良广播体操锻炼,锻炼强度以心率来控制,要求锻炼后心率在125次/min左右。观察受试者实验前、锻炼后第15 d、30 d、45 d晨安静空腹状态下,TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C和瘦素等指标变化。结果表明:45 d每天两次30 min、多组数的有氧广播体操锻炼可显著降低机体血浆TG和TC,预防TG堆积;HDL-C和HDL-C/LDL比值显著升高。说明有氧广播体操锻炼可使血浆脂蛋白的分布得到有效改善,从而预防和有效抵抗AS发生。     

Seminal plasma levels of free 8-isoprostane and its relationship with sperm quality parameters

There is growing evidence that damage to spermatozoa by reactive oxygen species play a key role in male infertility. The aim of this study was to assess seminal plasma free 8-Isoprostane levels in men with asthenozoospermia, asthenoteratozoospermia and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia compared to normozoospermic males and its correlation with seminal parameters. The case group consisted of men with asthenozoospermia (n=15), asthenoteratozoospermia (n=16) and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (n=15). The control group consisted of 16 males with normozoospermia. After Purification of Free 8-Isoprostane by affinity column, its concentration was measured by enzyme immunoassay method. Free 8-Isoprostane evaluation showed significantly greater values in the total case group (n=46) versus control group (18.23±3.56 vs 2.6±0.38 ng/ml). In each case group free 8-Isoprostane also showed a significant increasing compared to normozoospermic males. Free 8-Isoprostane showed an inversely significant correlation with sperm motility and sperm morphology. Lipid peroxidation could have significant role in etiology of sperm abnormalities. Measurement of 8-Isoprostane can be used as a specific biomarker for assessing lipid peoxidation in sperm.     

短裙竹荪多糖清除O2·—及对人红细胞膜自由基氧化的影响

短裙竹荪 [Dictyophora duplicata(Bose) Fisher]经热水抽提 ,乙醇沉淀 ,Sevag法去蛋白 ,乙醇分级分离 ,再经 DEAE-纤维素柱层析得多糖组分 PS.在体外产生 O·2 的反应体系中 ,竹荪多糖组分 PS在较低浓度下 (<2 0 0 mg/ L)具有清除 O·2 的作用 ,而在较高浓度下 (>2 0 0 mg/ L)作用不明显 .同时用荧光法研究了竹荪多糖组分 PS对人红细胞膜脂质过氧化的影响 ,结果表明竹荪多糖能够抑制人红细胞膜的脂质过氧化     

大数据视角下的技术创新路径识别研究

近年来,以信息技术为代表的新兴技术受到社会各界的广泛关注。然而,由于新兴技术的高度不确定性,如何有效预测并选择合适的商业化路径是目前学术界的研究难点。本文从大数据的角度出发,提出了一种基于文本分析、三元组提取法(SAO)、技术路线图等方法构建而成的"技术创新路径识别模型",对多种异构数据反映的技术发展规律进行探索。该模型在获取研究领域主要技术点的基础上,可以对技术点间动态演化关系以及技术创新路径进行识别。在案例部分,本文以固体脂质纳米粒子(SLN)为例,研究其在医药及化妆品领域的商业化创新路径。研究表明,目前SLN有4条创新路径,其中,在化妆品产业的创新应用是未来市场开发重点。     

Effects of α-tocopheryl acetate supplementation in preslaughter diet on antioxidant enzyme activities and fillet quality of commercial-size Sparus macrocephalus

This study examined the effects of dietary α-tocopheryl acetate supplementation on antioxidant enzyme activities and fillet quality in commercial-size Sparus macrocephalus. Three hundred fish [main initial weight （350±12） g] were divided into three groups （E250, E500 and El000） and reared in 9 cages. The fish were fed for 8 weeks with three diets containing different levels of dietary α-tocopheryl acetate （289, 553, 1069 mg/kg）. Over the experimental period, fish were fed to satiation and reached a final mean weight of （465±28） g without significant body weight difference and proximate composition difference. Fillet α-tocopherol was significantly （P〈0.05） different between groups, reaching levels of 14.2, 22.1, 30.9 pg/mg fillet for groups E250, E500 and El000, respectively. Total serum superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity increased significantly （P〈0.05） in fish fed the diets high in α-tocopheryl acetate, but serum glutathione peroxidase （GPX） activity was unaffected. In storage on ice, fillets of fish fed the diets high in α-tocopheryl acetate exhibited significantly lower （P〈0.05） levels of oxidation. These results suggested that increased dietary α-tocopheryl acetate could increase its flesh deposition, increase the activity of SOD and prevent lipid peroxidation ofSparus macrocephalus fillets in retail storage on ice.     

Ⅱ型糖尿病血脂特点的观察

[目的]观察Ⅱ型糖尿病患者血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)、载脂蛋白AI(apoAl)、载脂蛋白B(apoB)的浓度与正常人是否有差异,以了解Ⅱ型糖尿病病人的脂类代谢是否有变化以及变化趋势对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者并发症的影响。[方法]对50例临床已确诊的Ⅱ型糖尿病病人和10例健康人分别测定血清中的TC(CHOD-PAP)、TG(GPO-PAP)、HDL-C、LDL-C(直接法-液体双试剂)、apoAl、apoB(免疫比浊法).[结果]部分Ⅱ型糖尿病患者脂类代谢出现异常,其中TC、TG、LDL-C、apoB水平升高,而HDL-C、apoAl降低,这些患者从临床资料看,多数并发大血管病变(冠心病、脑血管病变、肢体的动脉硬化等);部分Ⅱ型糠尿病患者血脂与正常对照组无显著性差异,临床资料显示,这些患者仅为单纯血糖升高,没有并发症出现.[结论]Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的血脂代谢异常与并发症的关系密切.     

Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant vitamins in urolithasis

The present, study was conducted to determine the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) as an index of free radial induced lipid peroxidation and antioxidant vitamins-vitamins A, vitamin C and vitamin E in 75 confirmed cases of urolithiasis. Significantly high level of MDA (p<0.001) with significantly low levels of vitamin E (p<0.001) and vitamin A (p<0.001) with no significant decrease in vitamin C (p>0.05) were observed in the plasma of urolithiasis cases as compared to normal controls. In conclusion, it appears that a role of lipid peroxidation and oxidative function exists in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis. But, the exact mechanism how this occurs remains to be elucidated.     

The response of liver lipid peroxidative and antioxidant defense systems of protein undernourished rats to liver regeneration

The response of liver lipid peroxidative and antioxidant defense system of protein undernourished rats to liver regeneration induced by partial hepatectomy was examined in rats. Animals were divided into four groups; A,B,C and D of four animals each. Animals in group A were maintained on 16% casein diet while those in groups B, C and D were placed on low-protein diet (5% casein) for fourteen weeks and fed ad libitum. 72 hours before sacrifice, partial hepatectomy was carried out on animals in group D while animals in group C were sham-operated. The results show that protein undernutrition induced an increase in lipid peroxidation but reduced catalase activity, glutathione level and superoxide dismutase activity when compared with well-nourished rats. Liver regeneration however, resulted in significant increases in lipid peroxidation and catalase activity but significant reductions in glutathione level and superoxide dismutase activity in protein undernutrition rats when compared with their sham-operated counterparts. These results suggest that liver regeneration induced by partial hepatectomy exacerbates lipid peroxidation in protein undernutrition rats and that Catalase plays a major role in the mopping up of reactive oxygen species generated following liver regeneration in partially hepatectomised protein undernutrition rats.     

6周有氧运动改善不同程度肥胖青少年体质健康的研究

目的:研究有氧运动对不同程度肥胖青少年形态、机能、糖脂代谢及身体素质的影响,探索非医疗运动手段治疗青少年肥胖的可行性方法。方法:招募50名13~19岁肥胖青少年,依据BMI值分别纳入中度或重度肥胖组,每组25人。两组受试者进行6周有氧运动(5days/week,50min/day),在运动前、运动3周和6周后分别测试受试者的身体形态、基础生理机能、糖脂代谢和身体素质等指标,并对以上数据进行统计学分析。结果:3周和6周运动均显著降低两肥胖组的体重、BMI、腰围、臀围、脂肪量、体脂率、血脂、甘油三酷、血清胰岛素水平和胰岛素抵抗指数(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),下调重度肥胖组的低密度脂蛋白水平(P＜ 0.01),提高两组肺活量、肺活量指数和50 m跑、俯卧撑、坐位体前屈成绩(P＜ 0.05);6周运动还能进一步提高两组的1 000 m跑、平衡能力以及重度肥胖组的瘦体重和高密度脂蛋白水平(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),下调两组的基础代谢率(P＜0.05)。结论:3周有氧运动就能有效改善肥胖青少年的体质健康,运动改善体质健康的效应呈时间依赖性增加的模式,并且重度肥胖者相比中度肥胖者对有氧运动更加敏感。     

逐级递增负荷后尿自由基代谢的变化及其与气体代谢的关系

采用递增运动负荷方式的研究方法,对３０名运动员随机分成两组,一组运动到个体无氧阈水平,一组运动至力竭。以探讨不同强度急性运动对尿中自由基（ＬＰＯ）血过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）活性的影响,及其与气体代谢的关系。结果发现：无氧阈运动组尿ＬＰＯ和血ＣＡＴ活性无明显变化,力竭运动组在运动后尿中身自由基水平和血过氧化氢酶活性明显增加（Ｐ＜００５）,力竭运动组在运动后尿中自由基水平和血过氧化氢酶活性明显增加（Ｐ＜００５）,力竭运动后机体通气量（Ｖｅ）、吸氧量（ＶＯ２）和相对吸氧量（Ｖｏｚ／ｋｇ）明显高于无氧阈运动组。表明尿中自由基水平受运动强度和时间的影响,且与机体气体代谢关系十分密切