Effect of Oxidized Phosphatidylcholine on Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Rats

In this study it was planned to investigate the effect of oxidized phosphatidylcholine (derived from egg) feeding on lipid peroxidation of different tissues in rats. Male Wistar albino rats were fed oxidized and unoxidized phosphatidylcholine for 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. During the period of study food intake and body weights of animals increased gradually. Animals fed oxidized phosphatidylcholine for 2 and 4 weeks showed 33 and 15% spontaneous hemolysis of red blood cells in vitro. Under identical experimental conditions animals given unoxidized phosphatidylcholine showed 14.5 and 13.4% hemolysis for 2 and 4 week’s period, respectively. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level in thymus, spleen, kidney, heart, liver and lung significantly increased in rats given oxidized phosphatidylcholine as compared to unoxidized group. Furthermore, in oxidized phosphatidylcholine group TBARS values in kidney, liver and lungs continued to rise for 4 weeks of treatment while TBARS level in heart, spleen and thymus was found to be decreased at the end of 4 weeks of oxidized phosphatidylcholine feeding. Plasma triacylglycerol and cholesterol was found to increase in rats who had received oxidized phosphatidylcholine for 2 weeks. These findings suggest that excess and persistent intake of oxidized phosphatidylcholine can cause significant damage to organs.     

Antioxidant activity ofcurculigo orchioides in carbon tetrachloride—induced hepatopathy in rats

In this study antioxidant activity of methanol extract of rhizomes ofCurculigo orchioides (MEC) was investigated using carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-intoxicated rat liver as the experimental model. The hepatotoxic rats were administered MEC for 90 days (daily, orally at the dose of 70 mg per kg body weight). Lipid peroxidation (LPO) in CCl₄-intoxicated rats was evidenced by a marked increment in the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and diene conjugates (CD), and also a distinct diminution in glutathione (GSH) content in the liver. In CCl₄+MEC—treated rats these biochemical parameters attained an almost normal level. The decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GRD) in CCl₄—intoxicated rats, and its retrieval towards near normalcy in CCl₄+MEC—administered rats revealed the efficacy of MEC in combating oxidative stress due to hepatic damage. Elevated level of glutathione transferase(GTS) observed in hepatotoxic rats too showed signs of retuming towards normalcy in MEC co-administered animals, thus corroborating the antioxidant efficacy of MEC. The findings provide a rationale for further studies on isolation of active principles and its pharmacological evaluation.     

力竭游泳对大鼠肠组织MDA、游离巯基和ATP含量的影响

探讨力竭性运动引起的氧化应激对肠功能的影响及运动性肠功能紊乱的原因,32只SD雄性大鼠随机分为4组:即对照组(C);运动后即刻组EX;运动后30 min组(EX30);运动后60 min组(EX60),测定力竭性游泳后不同时相,肠组织匀浆MDA、游离巯基(Free-SH)和ATP含量。结果显示,运动后肠组织MDA含量在运动后30 min,60 min显著性增加(P0.01);运动后Free-SH含量在运动后30min(P0.05)和运动后60 min后(P0.01)显著下降;运动后30 min组ATP含量显著下降(P0.01)。结果提示,运动源性自由基产生增加,使得肠组织中游离巯基被氧化,导致ATP含量下降,可能是造成运动性肠功能紊乱的重要因素之一。     

Hypothetical mode of action of earthworm extract with hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties

The hepatoprotective potential of earthworm extract (EE) (Lampito mauritii, Kinberg) was evaluated against paracetamol-induced liver injury in Wistar albino rat, in comparison with silymarin, the standard hepatoprotective drug. We observed a reduction in liver antioxidants, such as glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx),and catalase (CAT) and in serum total protein, and an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum aspertate aminotranferase (AST), serum alanine aminotranferase (ALT), bilirubin and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) due to liver injury in the paracetamol-administered rats (2 g/kg). On the contrary, increased activities of liver GSH, SOD, GPx,CAT and serum total protein level, and decrease in the contents of serum ALP, AST, ALT, bilirubin and liver TBARS were observed in rats administered with different doses of EE (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg), which are similar to the activities of hepatoprotective drug silymarin (150 mg/kg). The mode of action of EE as evidenced by the above parameters may suggest that EE, on the one hand, prevents the formation of the reactive oxygen groups, or scavenges these groups, thereby preventing the damage on the hepatic cells, and, on the other hand, modulates the genes responsible for synthesis of antioxidant enzymes such as GPx, CAT and SOD in liver tissue and decreases the serum enzymatic activities such as ALP, AST and ALT.     

运动员的运动能力和脂类、蛋白质的关系

随着现代科学技术的突飞猛进和体育事业的日益发展,营养在体育运动中的作用和地位越来越受到人们的关注,由于运动员在训练和比赛中消耗能量较多,只有给予及时补充,才能满足正常需要,因此,合理的营养补充对运动员来说,是提高运动成绩,增强体力快速恢复,以取得良好运动训练效果的物质保证;脂肪、蛋白质在运动训练时起着重要的供能作用,它是运动员保持最佳身体和竞技状态的物质基础,对运动成绩有直接的影响;根据多年训练实践,就运动员的运动能力与脂类、蛋白质的相互关系进行探讨,以便为运动员在训练和比赛后的快速恢复及保持竞技状态进行合理营养补充和膳食安排。     

成年人腰围与血压、血糖及血脂指标的相关性研究

目的:了解腰围与血压、血糖及血脂指标间的相关性,界定预测高血压、高血糖及高脂血症等的适宜腰围切点,为腹部肥胖标准的制定提供参考;方法:测取上海E大学的925名成年人的腰围、血压、血糖及血脂等指标,分析探讨腰围与血压、血糖及血脂指标的相互关系;结果:非腹部肥胖组的血压、血糖、血脂状况优于腹部肥胖组,具有统计学意义;通过ROC曲线法得出,男性腹部肥胖筛选点为89～90cm(P72.5～P77.5),女性腹部肥胖筛选点为76～77cm(P65～P75).结论:WHO建议的亚洲人腹部肥胖标准较适合本研究对象;即使对于成年人,年龄仍是影响腰围的一个重要因素,建议将年龄因素考虑到腹部肥胖标准的制定中.     

基于酶标仪测定的斯氏油脂酵母发酵产油脂条件优化研究

以斯氏油脂酵母为研究对象,利用苏丹黑B染色和全自动酶标仪分光光度法测定细胞内油脂含量。通过监测发酵过程中苏丹黑B染色后的OD_{最大吸收峰}值、菌体密度、发酵液还原糖含量的变化,探讨氮源、碳氮比和接种量对斯氏油脂酵母发酵产油脂量的影响。结果表明,发酵产油脂的最佳氮源为硫酸铵,最佳碳氮比为66∶1,最佳接种量为10%。     

习练太极拳对中老年人血脂的影响

随着人们生活水平的提高和生活方式的改变,动脉粥样硬化、冠心病等心脑血管疾病的发病率逐年升高。这些疾病的病因复杂,但都与脂质代谢异常有一定关系。尤其是中老年人心血管机能随年龄的增加而衰退,使血脂代谢紊乱与年轻人相比呈增高趋势。大量的研究发现,长期有规律的运动能有效地改善不良的脂质结构,太极拳作为一种中低强度的有氧运动,可以降低血浆TC、TG、LDL水平,提高HDL水平,积极改善中老年人脂代谢异常。