手球运动员体成分与生理机能特征分析

通过对手球运动员与普通大学生的体成分与生理机能进行测试和比较分析,探讨手球运动员体成分与生理机能的特点,为手球运动员科学选材和运动训练提供理论参考。     

Is there a role of TNFR1 in acute lung injury cases associated with extracorporeal circulation?

The signaling pathway for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and its receptors is up-regulated during extracorporeal circulation (ECC), and recruits blood neutrophil into the lung tissue, which results in acute lung injury (ALI). In this study, we evaluated the role of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) in ECC-induced ALI by blocking TNF-α binding to TNFR1 with CAY10500. Anesthetized Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were pretreated intravenously with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or vehicle (0.3 ml ethanol IV) or CAY10500, and then underwent ECC for 2 h. The oxygenation index (OI) and pulmonary inflammation were assessed after ECC. OI was significantly decreased, while TNF-α and neutrophil in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and plasma TNF-α increased after ECC. Pretreatment of CAY10500 decreased plasma TNF-α level, but did not decrease TNF-α levels and neutrophil counts in BALF or improve OI. Lung histopathology showed significant alveolar congestion, infiltration of the leukocytes in the airspace, and increased thickness of the alveolar wall in all ECC-treated groups. CAY10500 pretreatment slightly reduced leukocyte infiltration in lungs, but did not change the wet/dry ratio in the lung tissue. Blocking TNF-α binding to TNFR1 by CAY10500 intravenously slightly mitigates pulmonary inflammation, but cannot improve the pulmonary function, indicating the limited role of TNFR1 pathway in circulating inflammatory cell in ECC-induced ALI.     

不同运动负荷对大鼠肺细胞凋亡的影响机制

目的:从肺细胞凋亡角度揭示运动训练对肺组织损伤与重建的机制。方法:40只雄性SD大鼠随机分成C组、M组、HI组、HR组、HS组,不同训练12周后,检测细胞凋亡、Bcl-2和Bax蛋白的表达及SOD和MAD的变化。结果:运动组大鼠血清SOD/MAD比值发生变化,均有凋亡细胞发生;对照组Bcl-2蛋白、Bax蛋白有低的基础表达,运动组表达明显上升,差异极显著(P<0.01),M组、HI组和HR组表现为Bax>Bcl-2,C组与HS组表现为Bcl-2>Bax。结论:运动能引起大鼠肺细胞凋亡发生,大强度训练可使凋亡率升高,并持续较长的时间。Bax/Bcl-2比值与凋亡发生没有直接关系。运动产生过多的自由基是引起大鼠肺细胞发生凋亡的重要原因,细胞凋亡程序启动后,即使在停训期间,也将持续存在。     

Down-regulation of eIF5A-2 prevents epithelial-mesenchymal transition in non-small-cell lung cancer cells

Background

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is believed to be the critical process in malignant tumor invasion and metastases, and has a great influence on improving the survival rate in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Recent studies suggested that eukaryotic initiation factor 5A-2 (eIF5A-2) might serve as an adverse prognostic marker of survival. We detected eIF5A-2 in NSCLC A549 cells, and found that the invasive capability correlates with the eIF5A-2 expression.

Methods

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 was used to induce EMT in A549 cells. Western blotting, immunofluorescence, wound healing assay, and transwell-matrigel invasion chambers were used to identify phenotype changes. Western blotting was also used to observe changes of the expression of eIF5A-2. We down-regulated the eIF5A-2 expression using an eIF5A-2 siRNA and identified the phenotype changes by western blotting and immunofluorescence. We tested the change of migration and invasion capabilities of A549 cells by the wound healing assay and transwell-matrigel invasion chambers.

Results

After stimulating with TGF-β1, almost all A549 cells changed to the mesenchymal phenotype and acquired more migration and invasion capabilities. These cells also had higher eIF5A-2 protein expression. Down-regulation of eIF5A-2 expression with eIF5A-2 siRNA transfection could change the cells from mesenchymal to epithelial phenotype and decrease tumor cell migration and invasive capabilities significantly.

Conclusions

The expression of eIF5A-2 was up-regulated following EMT phenotype changes in A549 cells, which correlated with enhanced tumor invasion and metastatic capabilities. Furthermore, in the A549 cell line, the process of EMT phenotype change could be reversed by eIF5A-2 siRNA, with a consequent weakening of both invasive and metastatic capabilities.     

12min健身跑对中青年知识分子心肺功能改善的实验研究

12min健身跑是一种有氧练习的健身方法,它通过一定时间的健身跑来改善心肺功能、预防心血管疾病、增强身体素质,是许多药物治疗所不能替代的.通过3个月的实验研究,从心率、肺活量的恢复和提高水平,来探讨12min健身跑对中青年知识分子心肺功能改善的效果,为保护知识分子的健康,提供安全有效的12min健身跑练习方法.     

有氧运动对女大学生体质的影响

通过对比实验的方法对女大学生身体成分和心肺功能进行了测量,以了解有氧运动对女大学生体质的影响。结果显示,经过有氧运动的女大学生的三围比较接近我国人种的标准;BMI、WHR、体脂率都明显下降;心肺功能明显增强。说明有氧运动能够对女大学生的体质产生良好的影响。     

三维适形放射治疗结合同步化疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌

目的评价和比较三维适形放射治疗结合同步化疗与序贯治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)近期疗效和患者耐受性。方法42例局部晚期NSCLC患者随机分入同步治疗组和序贯治疗组。同步组放疗第1和第4周及放疗结束后行EP方案化疗(Vp16100mg,dl~5,DDP30mg/m2,dl~3),共6周期。序贯组予2周期EP方案化疗后常规放疗,放疗结束后继续完成4周期化疗。结果同步组和序贯组总有效率分别为85.7%和57.1%,有显著性差异。同步组局部控制率高于序贯组(P>0.05)。两组不良反应除骨髓抑制外无显著性差异。结论三维适形放射治疗结合同步化疗治疗局部晚期NSCLC近期疗效较好,毒性也有所增加,但能为绝大多数患者耐受。远期疗效有待进一步随访。     

有氧运动对女大学生心肺功能的影响

对温州大学普通系151名女大学生进行为期1．5年以有氧运动为主要内容的训练，分别在实验前后一周内对其身体成分和心肺功能进行测量和研究，了解有氧运动对女大学生体质的影响。结果显示：经过有氧运动后女学生的三围更接近我国人种的标准，身材更加健美：BMI、WHR、体脂率都明显小于实验前；下肢的柔韧性增强；肺活量、每博输出量以及最大摄氧量和射血分数都明显增大，心肌的收缩能力明显增强。说明有氧运动能够对学生的体质产生良好的影响。     

维生素E对力竭小鼠肺组织自由基代谢及其结构的影响

观察一次性力竭游泳后小鼠肺组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、SOD/MDA，和肺组织结构的变化情况；及维生素E对其的影响。结果发现，力竭游泳后即刻，SOD活性、MDA含量、SOD/MDA有明显变化，小鼠肺组织结构在光镜下可见明显充血、水肿；维生素E可抑制上述变化。     

女子举重及柔道运动员综合肺功能的测定

本文调查研究了同龄的举重、柔道女运动员和女中学生的肺通气量、肺容量、用力呼气流速——容量曲线、残气量与功能残气、闭合气量与闭合总量,及肺弥散容量等指标。结果表明,举重和柔道女运动员的肺活量、用力呼气量、残气量、闭合总量与闭合总量/肺总量之比,以及弥散容量等生理功能均此非运动员的女学生高。与此同时,还发现女运动员的用力呼气流速、残气量及闭合总量等生理功能变化,可能和她们从事运动训练时利用憋气或屏息促肌力的呼吸特征相联系。