高师数学教学中如何实施素质教育的几点探讨

本简述数学素质教训在素质教育中的作用及实施素质教育进行的五种转变。     

GPS/GIS车辆监控管理系统中的关键技术

简要论述了车辆监控管理系统的工作原理及通信链路的选择策略，针对一套实用的GPS／GIS车辆监控系统设计方案，详细阐述了系统设计中的关键技术．     

Effects of power variation on cycle performance during simulated hilly time-trials

It has previously been shown that cyclists are unable to maintain a constant power output during cycle time-trials on hilly courses. The purpose of the present study is therefore to quantify these effects of power variation using a mathematical model of cycling performance. A hypothetical cyclist (body mass: 70?kg, bicycle mass: 10?kg) was studied using a mathematical model of cycling, which included the effects of acceleration. Performance was modelled over three hypothetical 40-km courses, comprising repeated 2.5-km sections of uphill and downhill with gradients of 1%, 3%, and 6%, respectively. Amplitude (5–15%) and distance (0.31–20.00?km) of variation were modelled over a range of mean power outputs (200–600?W) and compared to sustaining a constant power. Power variation was typically detrimental to performance; these effects were augmented as the amplitude of variation and severity of gradient increased. Varying power every 1.25?km was most detrimental to performance; at a mean power of 200?W, performance was impaired by 43.90?s (±15% variation, 6% gradient). However at the steepest gradients, the effect of power variation was relatively independent of the distance of variation. In contrast, varying power in parallel with changes in gradient improved performance by 188.89?s (±15% variation, 6% gradient) at 200?W. The present data demonstrate that during hilly time-trials, power variation that does not occur in parallel with changes in gradient is detrimental to performance, especially at steeper gradients. These adverse effects are substantially larger than those previously observed during flat, windless time-trials.     

热喷涂机器人离线编程

在介绍热喷涂机器人2种编程方法和机器人离线编程的基础上,概括叙述了从机器人离线编程阶段到应用于实际车间机器人喷涂的整个步骤;针对实际机器人喷涂过程中出现的机器人与车间里的设备碰撞的问题,提出了较好的解决方案,即建立虚拟车间;详细介绍了热喷涂虚拟车间的设计、建立步骤。实际的应用效果表明,虚拟车间的建立,避免了重大事故的发生,缩短了离线编程的时间,提高了生产率。     

基于等级制的清代古建筑大式大木作模式化结构设计方法

采用数学表达式 ,为了解清代建筑等级制度以及大式大木作设计和构造提供了科学框架 .清代大式大木作采用预制构件 ,便于组装 ,依据严格的等级制度 ,具有高度标准化和模式化特点 .其设计过程是首先按等级确定基本模度 (斗口 ) ;再确定其平面开间、进深以及横剖面的攒数、跨度及檩数 ;最后选定屋顶形式 ,确定纵剖面与立面 .文中导出描述平面布局、屋面曲线、庑殿顶推山和歇山顶收山的数学表达式     

基于VB的试卷生成系统的开发

介绍了用VB开发的试卷生成系统的功能特点、主界面、整体程序结构框图,以及设计过程中题库目录验证、章数与题量显示、各单元抽题数量的确定及生成分试卷和总体试卷等主要环节的编程技术。该系统以有关课程题库为背景进行了上机调试,均能可靠运行。     

自由设站采集碎部点及坐标转换程序设计

介绍了外业碎部测量中在任意点设站进行数据采集，然后通过联测控制点的办法采集数据并转换坐标，对坐标数据的计算机处理程序进行了设计。     

注重过程教学，培养数学能力

数学教学应改变的单纯注重结论的教学方式，而应注重整个教学过程，诸如某一知识产生的历史背景，知识间的相互联系，数学知识的实际应用以及数学思想的启发等，这样才能引起学生学习的兴趣，进而提高数学能力。     

Mathematical Modeling in the Primary School: Children's Construction of a Consumer Guide

This paper examines 6th grade children's local conceptual development and mathematization processes as they worked a comprehensive mathematical modeling problem (creating a consumer guide for deciding the best snack chip) over several class periods. The children and their teachers were participating in a 3-year longitudinal teaching experiment in which sequences of mathematical modeling problems were implemented from the 5th grade (10 years of age) though to the 7th grade. In contrast to traditional problem solving, mathematical modeling requires children to generate and develop their own mathematical ideas and processes, and to form systems of relationships that are generalizable and reusable. Reported here is a detailed analysis of the iterative cycles of development of one group of children as they worked the problem, followed by a summary of the mathematization processes displayed by all groups. Children's critical reflections on their models are also reported. The results show how children can independently develop constructs and processes through meaningful problem solving. Children's development included creating systems for operationally defining constructs; selecting, categorizing, and ranking factors; quantifying quantitative and qualitative data; and transforming quantities.     

城市交通外部成本量化方法研究

通过对城市中几种常见的出行方式,主要包括:步行、自行车、摩托车、公共汽车、小汽车和出租车等在外部成本方面的数量化研究,提出计算城市交通外部成本的数学模型,并通过案例进行了分析。旨在为交通政策的制定及交通资源的合理利用提供科学依据,以促进城市交通的可持续发展。