一种收发不同频天线测试系统设计改造

本文介绍了一种带有非线性器件的射频通道天线的测试方法,针对这一种类型的天线系统,构建了一种收发不同频的天线测试系统。基于已有的室内天线远场测试系统,在不改变原有远场系统硬件配置以及软件系统的基础上,只添加一套对应的混频装置,就可完成对带有发射上变频与接收下变频通道的天线测量。系统的改造方案具有一定的通用性。在工程上对内置频率转换器件的这一类型天线方向图的精确测量具有一定的借鉴意义。     

基于独立分量分析与小波神经网络的时间序列预测

对时间序列的预测是一项重要的数据挖掘技术。本文将独立分量分析方法和小波神经网络相结合,建立一种ICA—WNN预测模型,并应用于风力发电功率时间序列预测。仿真结果表明所建模型具有较好的泛化性能,得到了较高的预测精度。     

Changes in repeated-sprint performance in relation to change in locomotor profile in highly-trained young soccer players

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of changes in maximal aerobic (MAS) and sprinting (MSS) speeds and the anaerobic reserve (ASR) on repeated-sprint performance. Two hundred and seventy highly-trained soccer players (14.5 ± 1.6 year) completed three times per season (over 5 years) a maximal incremental running test to approach MAS, a 40-m sprint with 10-m splits to assess MSS and a repeated-sprint test (10 × 30-m sprints), where best (RSb) and mean (RSm) sprint times, and percentage of speed decrement (%Dec) were calculated. ASR was calculated as MSS-MAS. While ?RSb were related to ?MSS and ?body mass (r² = 0.42, 90%CL[0.34;0.49] for the overall multiple regression, n = 334), ?RSm was also correlated with ?MAS and ?sum of 7 skinfolds (r² = 0.43 [0.35;0.50], n = 334). There was a small and positive association between ?%Dec and ?MAS (r² = 0.02 [?0.07;0.11], n = 334). Substantial ?MSS and ?MAS had a predictive value of 70 and 55% for ?RSm, respectively. Finally, ?ASR per se was not predictive of ?RSm (Cohen’s = +0.8 to ?0.3 with increased ASR), but the greater magnitude of ?RSm improvement was observed when MSS, MAS and ASR increased together (0.8 vs. +0.4 with ASR increased vs. not, additionally to MSS and MAS). Low-cost field tests aimed at assessing maximal sprinting and aerobic speeds can be used to monitor ?RS performance.     

基于主成分分析法构建陕西省上市公司财务预警模型

本文以陕西省26家上市公司为研究样本,通过主成分分析法构建了陕西上市公司的财务预警模型。首先用主成分分析法对样本公司指标进行处理,提取主成分以实现对指标的简化,最终得出陕西上市公司的财务预警指标综合评价得分。在文章的结论部分,对陕西上市公司的财务状况以及地区差异进行了综合评价分析。     

有向循环图与有向圈的乘积的研究

本文讨论了有向循环图与有向圈的乘积 ,得到了以下结果 :( 1)有向循环图D(n ;s1,s2 ,… ,si- 1,nl ,si+1,… ,sr)是连通的充要条件。( 2 )设有向循环图D(n ;s1,s2 ,… ,si- 1,s,si+1,… ,sr)连通 ,且n =ls,gcd(n ,s1,s2 ,si- 1,si+1,… ,sr) =l(l>2 ) ,则D(n ;s1,s2 ,si- 1,s,si+1,… ,sr) D(s ;s1l,s2l ,… ,si- 1l ,si+1l ,… ,srl)× μl。( 3)设D(n0 ;s1,s2 ,… ,sr)是连通 ,则D(n0 ;s1,s2 ,… ,sr)×μn1× μn2 ×… μns为有向循环图 gcd(ni,nt) =1(i,t =0 ,1,2 ,… ,s ;i≠t)。gcd(n ,s1,s2 ,… ,sr)表示n ,s1,s2 ,… ,sr 的最大公约数 ,μl 表示具有l个顶点的有向圈     

桥头堡建设视角的保山主导产业选择实证研究

基于桥头堡建设的角度,以保山市为例,利用主成分分析法对11个重点产业进行了实证分析。结果表明：目前,保山主导产业仍以传统的第一、第二产业为主,以旅游为主导的服务业快速发展,现代物流、口岸经济等薪兴产业亟待壮大,目前的产业格局与桥头堡建设的需求还有较大差距。     

Comparison of different theoretical models estimating peak power output and maximal oxygen uptake in trained and elite triathletes and endurance cyclists in the velodrome

Abstract

The primary objective of this study was to examine the relationship between heart rate intensity and pedometer step counts in adolescents. To determine cardiorespiratory fitness, 106 participants (47 boys, 59 girls, mean age 14.2 years, s = 0.8) completed the Queen's College Step Test and were classified as having low, moderate or high cardiorespiratory fitness. Adolescents also completed a 10-min treadmill trial while wearing a pedometer and heart rate monitor. The participants were instructed to maintain their heart rate between 65 and 75% of their maximum heart rate while running or walking on a treadmill. A heart rate of 65–75% maximum was associated with 146 steps per minute (s = 22) in boys and 137 steps per minute (s = 22) in girls. Results of analysis of variance indicated that there was a main effect for level of fitness (F _2,102 = 9.36, P < 0.001). The correlation between mean steps per minute and estimated maximum oxygen consumption was statistically significant (r = 0.44, P < 0.001). The results from this study suggest that a step rate of 130 steps per minute is equal to 65–75% maximum heart rate in low-fit adolescents and achieving 130 steps per minute could be used as an initial goal to improve fitness.     

The application of inertial measurement units and functional principal component analysis to evaluate movement in the forward 3½ pike somersault springboard dive

Based on technological and analytical advances, the capability to more accurately and finitely examine biomechanical and skill characteristics of movement has improved. The purpose of this study was to use Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) and Functional Principal Components Analysis (fPCA) to examine the role of movement variability (assessed via angular velocity), on 2 divers (1 international level; 1 national) performing the forward 3½ pike somersault dive. Analysis of angular velocity curves during ive-flight identified 5 fPCs, accounting for 96.5% of movement variability. The national diver’s scatter plots and standard deviation of fPC scores illustrated larger magnitudes of angular velocity variability across dive flight. For fPC1 and fPC3, magnitudes of SD variability were 282.6 and 201.5, respectively. The international diver illustrated more consistent angular velocity profiles, with clustering of fPCs scores (e.g., fPC1 & 3 = SD’s of 75.2 & 68.0). To account for lower variability in the international diver, the ability to better coordinate movement sequences and functionally utilise feedback in response to initiation of the somersault position is highlighted. Overall, findings highlight how both IMUs and fPCA can more holistically and finitely examine the biomechanical and skill characteristics of movement sequences with the capability to inform athlete development.     

Effects of coffee and caffeine anhydrous on strength and sprint performance

Caffeine and coffee are widely used among active individuals to enhance performance. The purpose of the current study was to compare the effects of acute coffee (COF) and caffeine anhydrous (CAF) intake on strength and sprint performance. Fifty-four resistance-trained males completed strength testing, consisting of one-rep max (1RM) and repetitions to fatigue (RTF) at 80% of 1RM for leg press (LP) and bench press (BP). Participants then completed five, 10-second cycle ergometer sprints separated by one minute of rest. Peak power (PP) and total work (TW) were recorded for each sprint. At least 48 hours later, participants returned and ingested a beverage containing CAF (300?mg flat dose; yielding 3–5?mg/kg bodyweight), COF (8.9?g; 303?mg caffeine), or placebo (PLA; 3.8?g non-caloric flavouring) 30 minutes before testing. LP 1RM was improved more by COF than CAF (p?=?.04), but not PLA (p?=?.99). Significant interactions were not observed for BP 1RM, BP RTF, or LP RTF (p?>?.05). There were no sprint?×?treatment interactions for PP or TW (p?>?.05). 95% confidence intervals revealed a significant improvement in sprint 1 TW for CAF, but not COF or PLA. For PLA, significant reductions were observed in sprint 4 PP, sprint 2 TW, sprint 4 TW, and average TW; significant reductions were not observed with CAF or COF. Neither COF nor CAF improved strength outcomes more than PLA, while both groups attenuated sprint power reductions to a similar degree. Coffee and caffeine anhydrous may be considered suitable pre-exercise caffeine sources for high-intensity exercise.     

Influence of regression model and initial intensity of an incremental test on the relationship between the lactate threshold estimated by the maximal-deviation method and running performance

Abstract

This study investigated the influence of the regression model and initial intensity during an incremental test on the relationship between the lactate threshold estimated by the maximal-deviation method and performance in elite-standard runners. Twenty-three well-trained runners completed a discontinuous incremental running test on a treadmill. Speed started at 9 km · h^?1 and increased by 1.5 km · h^?1 every 4 min until exhaustion, with a minute of recovery for blood collection. Lactate–speed data were fitted by exponential and polynomial models. The lactate threshold was determined for both models, using all the co-ordinates, excluding the first and excluding the first and second points. The exponential lactate threshold was greater than the polynomial equivalent in any co-ordinate condition (P < 0.001). For both models, the lactate threshold was lower when all co-ordinates were used than when the first and the first and second points were excluded (P < 0.001). 10-km race pace was correlated with both the exponential and polynomial lactate thresholds for all the co-ordinate conditions (r ≥ 0.75, P < 0.001 and r ≥ 0.56, P < 0.05, respectively). The results suggest that the exponential lactate threshold should be used instead of the polynomial equivalent since it is more strongly associated with performance and is independent of the initial intensity of the test.