Is a single question of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) valid for measuring sedentary behaviour in the Chilean population?

A study was conducted to assess the validity of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) for measuring sedentary behaviour (SB) in the Chilean adult population. About 217 adults (93/124 male/female, 43.8 ± 15.75 years) who were randomly selected during National Health Survey 2009–2010 completed the protocol. The participants wore an ActiGraph GT3X (AG) for 7 consecutive days and then completed the GPAQ (single-item question for measuring time spent sitting in a usual day). Validity was examined using Spearman’s correlation, mean bias and limits of agreement (LoA), with AG (vertical axis <100 counts · min^?1) as the reference standard for estimates of SB in bouts of 1 (AG1), 5 (AG5) and 10 (AG10) min. Agreement between the GPAQ and AG for classifying data into quartiles and tertiles was assessed with kappa method. The GPAQ showed fair correlation with AG1, AG5 and AG10 (range = 0.23–0.26), with large mean biases (range = ?293.9, ?76.12 min · day^?1). Agreement between the GPAQ and AG1, AG5 and AG10 was poor for categorising time spent in SB into tertiles and quartiles. The single question from the GPAQ has shown fair validity for measuring SB and poor ability for correctly classifying individuals into tertiles or quartiles of SB in a Chilean population.     

Agreement in Body Fat Estimates Between a Hand-Held Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer and Skinfold Thicknesses in African American and Caucasian Adolescents

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of active versus passive recovery on 6 repeated Wingate tests (30-s all-out cycling sprints on a Velotron ergometer). Method: Fifteen healthy participants aged 29 (SD = 8) years old (body mass index = 23 [3] kg/m²) participated in 3 sprint interval training sessions separated by 3 to 7 days between each session during a period of 1 month. The 1st visit was familiarization to 6 cycling sprints; the 2nd and 3rd visits involved a warm-up followed by 6 30-s cycling sprints. Each sprint was followed by 4 min of passive (resting still on the ergometer) or active recovery (pedaling at 1.1 W/kg). The same recovery was used within each visit, and recovery type was randomized between visits. Results: Active recovery resulted in a 0.6 W/kg lower peak power output in the second sprint (95% confidence interval [CI] [ ? 0.2, ? 0.8 W/kg], effect size = 0.50, p < .01) and a 0.4 W/kg greater average power output in the 5th and 6th sprints (95% CI [+0.2,+0.6 W/kg], effect size = 0.50, p < .01) compared with passive recovery. There was little difference between fatigue index, total work, or accumulated work between the 2 recovery conditions. Conclusions: Passive recovery is beneficial when only 2 sprints are completed, whereas active recovery better maintains average power output compared with passive recovery when several sprints are performed sequentially (partial eta squared between conditions for multiple sprints = .38).     

Waist Circumference,Pedometer Placement,and Step-Counting Accuracy in Youth

This study examined whether differences in waist circumference (WC) and pedometer placement (anterior vs. midaxillary vs. posterior) affect the agreement between pedometer and observed steps during treadmill and self-paced walking. Participants included 19 pairs of youth (9–15 years old) who were matched for sex, race, and height and stratified by WC (high WC: HWC; low WC: LWC). Participants performed 3-min treadmill-walking trials at speeds of 59, 72, and 86 m·min-1 and a 400-m self-paced walking trial on level ground. Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the agreement between pedometer and observed steps of spring-levered pedometers by WC, pedometer placement, and walking speed. In the HWC group, the posterior pedometer placement consistently agreed most closely with observed steps at all treadmill speeds and during self-paced walking. In the LWC group, no single pedometer placement consistently agreed most closely with observed steps at all treadmill speeds and during self-paced walking. We conclude that a posterior pedometer placement improves step-count accuracy in most youth with an HWC at a range of walking speeds on level ground.     

A cross-cultural study of adolescents' physical activity levels in France and Spain

Abstract

The goals of this study were (1) to describe and compare levels of physical activity (PA), assessed by accelerometry, of adolescents in two close Spanish and French cities according to gender and period of the week and (2) to assess, with reference to country and gender, the extent to which international PA guidelines were fulfilled. The PA of 401 adolescents (53.37% females) from France and Spain (55.72% French) aged 14.45±0.67 years was assessed with GT3X accelerometers for seven consecutive days to evaluate their habitual levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Data collection took place from September to December 2010 in six public and state schools in France and Spain. There were significant differences in MVPA in terms of country, gender and period of the week. Spanish adolescents were more active than French adolescents, boys were more active than girls and MVPA was higher on weekdays than at weekends. French girls showed the lowest level of PA. Only 35.9% of the whole sample met the guidelines for PA in both countries. Governments of relevant countries, especially France, should adopt PA promotion policies targeted at adolescents in order to enhance their compliance with PA guidelines.     

职业运动员转会价值计量模型与实现机制

关于职业运动员转会价值计量与实现机制研究，目前需要回答3个基本问题：一是，职业运动员人力资本所有权应当归谁所有；二是，职业运动员转会费计量依据应该包括哪些；三是，职业运动员转会究竟需要什么条件。围绕以上问题，除论证职业运动员人力资本所有权的性质和特点外，重点尝试建立一个评价、测度职业运动员转会价值的理论模型，同时，对职业运动员转会价值实现机制提出建议。     

“阳光体育”对太原市初中生体育达标的影响研究

文章主要采用了抽样调查法等方法对2006、2007、2008这三年时间里,太原市初二学生体育达标情况进行分析,结果发现,学生的体育达标合格率比"阳光体育"运动开展前有所提高,说明"阳光体育运动"初见成效,但数据分析得知成绩提高的并不明显,而且不及格人数还占很大的比例,建议学校要更深入地开展好"阳光体育运动",让学生更好地参与体育锻炼。     

我国竞技篮球教练员岗位培训机制与对策研究

摘要：运用文献资料、专家访谈等方法对我国竞技篮球教练员岗位培训体制和机制等方面的内容进行探究,结果认为：我国竞技篮球教练员岗位培训体制不完善;培训目标认识欠缺;培训需求内驱力不足;培训师资以及课程设置不合理;培训经费成为制约“瓶颈”。并提出：加强教练员培训管理,进一步完善岗位培训制度;提高教练员人才素质,厘清“素质一知识一能力”发展关系;重视培训师资团队后备力量培养,加快教练员岗位培训课程建设;gI进社会资本参与教练员岗位培训,保证培训经费通道畅通4个方面的应对策略。     

高校学生体育伤害事故现状及预防对策研究

由于体育运动的激烈性、对抗性特征,高校学生体育伤害事故无可避免地存在着,成为高校体育运动开展及体育课教学的重要困扰因素。本文通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法对当前高校学生体育伤害事故现状进行剖析并提出相应改善对策。     

基于学科的信息素质评价标准研究

考虑到不同学科的差异性以及评估的可操作性,基于学科的信息素质评价标准研究逐渐成为关注的热点。本文简要概述了制定学科信息素质评价标准的必要性,介绍了国外分学科的信息素质评价标准的研究进展及主要特点,提出我国应成立专门机构全面指导和规划我国信息素质评价标准的制定,应与各专业学会/协会或教育部专业学科指导委员会合作,在统一的通用信息素质评价标准基础上建立学科信息素质评价标准,并将其与大学生的培养目标相结合。     

武汉高校体育课程考核评价方法的分析

调查武汉市8所高校体育课程考核评价方法,认为体育课程考核评价方法在武汉各高校形式多样,但考核内容单一、评价标准不完善是当前考核评价方法的主要问题。综合评定考核评价方式更符合体育教学现状,可促进教学改革在现有体制中稳步发展。