农村医疗卫生政策创新的法制保障

农村医疗卫生政策创新与改革是当前我国农村医疗卫生工作面临的一项重要任务.在强调依法治国的条件下,加强法治建设,是消弥政策缺陷、保证政策实施效果的必要举措.为此,从制定基础性法律、建立专项法规体系和修订完善关联性、配套性法律法规体系三个方面着手,加强相关法治建设,是农村卫生政策创新与改革的必然选择.     

我国新型农村合作医疗制度实施中值得关注的几个问题

新型农村合作医疗制度的试点工作,通过3年多的试点,取得了可喜的成绩,但仍然存在着发展不平衡、资金筹集难度大、管理人员及技术力量薄弱、监管力度不够等问题,如何建立稳定长效的筹资机制,完善地方政府和医疗机构的监管制度,是提高新型合作医疗保障水平的关键所在。     

大医华佗的医术、医德及医著

华佗是汉魏时期一代全能名医，医术精湛，医德高尚，具有大医风范。其医术在养生、方药、针灸、外科诸领域都达到了至高境界。用麻沸散对患者实施外科手术，只是其全能中之一能。华佗高尚的医德对纠正当今医务界的不正之风有很强的警示意义。华佗有丰富的医著流传下来。说其医著未能传世，值得商榷。     

强化管理,提高医疗设备使用效益

提高医疗设备的使用效益,是医疗设备投资管理中的关键环节。针对医院现有的不同资金来源、不同使用性质的医疗设备,采取恰当的管理模式和合理有效的评价体系,强化管理,使医疗设备能够真正体现其投资的价值。     

对农村居民医疗保障问题的思考

农村居民的医疗保障存在不少问题 ,应采取必要的一些政策性措施 :加强对农村的医疗卫生投入和预防保健 ,完善合作医疗 ,以及其他形式的农村医疗保障形式。     

Reasons for suboptimal learning in medical microbiology

Medical microbiology presents a challenge to undergraduate students, mostly due to its extensive content and complexity of unfamiliar terminology. In addition to a narrative review of the literature, we report findings on students’ motivation for and approach to learning in the Infections module of an undergraduate medical curriculum, and their perceived lack of retention of knowledge acquired in the module, as determined by a self-administered, anonymous questionnaire. When students experienced information overload, they reverted to performance goals and the wrong motivation for learning. Their focus turned primarily to being successful in tests and examinations, and they consequently adopted a surface approach to learning. Surface learning and memorisation of facts without understanding its content usually result in moderate retention of knowledge, which could handicap the development of clinical reasoning. However, the concern about students’ perceived poor retention of knowledge can be laid to rest – the prognosis is not discouraging after all.     

Impact of Anatomy Boot Camp on Students in a Medical Gross Anatomy Course

Lincoln Memorial University‐DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine (LMU‐DCOM) offers an optional three‐week summer Anatomy Boot Camp course (ABC) to facilitate students' transition into medical school and promote retention of anatomy subject matter. The pre‐matriculation program is a supplemental instruction course that utilizes a small group learning format. Boot camp instruction is led by teaching assistants and two anatomy professors. Enrollees gain early exposure to Medical Gross Anatomy (MGA) course subject matter, which is taught in the fall semester, and learn study skills necessary to excel in medical school. No grade is assigned for the course, therefore participants can study without the fear of potentially affecting grades. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the LMU‐DCOM ABC course using data from four consecutive summers. Independent two‐sample t‐tests were used to compare ABC to non‐ABC students for the following variables: incoming grade point average (GPA) and Medical College Admission Test® (MCAT®) scores, MGA written and laboratory practical examination grades, and final MGA course grade. Additionally, a 26‐question survey was administered to 2012–2014 boot camp participants. There were no significant differences in incoming GPA and MCAT scores. However, boot campers scored significantly higher on the first two lecture and laboratory examinations (P < 0.05) for each year of the study. Thereafter scores varied less, suggesting a faster head start for boot camp participants. Mean MGA final grade was on average 3% higher for the boot camp cohort. The survey feedback supports that the ABC course assists with the academic and social transition into medical school. Anat Sci Educ 10: 215–223. © 2016 American Association of Anatomists.     

医学生的个性特征对学习成绩的影响

该研究的目的在于研究与其他专业的学生相比，医学生的个性特征中哪种更典型，更能影响医学生的临床前期课程学习。1997年，有785名学生进入了弗兰米西地区的大学学习医学，其中631名学生(占80．4％)进行了个性五因素的测定量表(NEO-PI-R表)测量，914名捷特大学其它7个专业的一年级学生也做了同样的测量。该研究还调查了这些医学生的期末成绩，第一学年有607名，第二学年413名，第三学年341名。结果表明，医学生的“外倾性”和“随和性”因素分值最高，“责任心”因素对临床前期的学习成绩的预测作用很大，“责任心”因素分值低而具有“社交”、“冒险”个性特征的学生更有可能无法通过考试。     

论新闻传播的人文关怀

因受政治功利的影响与商业利益的驱动，新闻传播中普遍缺失人文关怀。在新闻传播中实施人文关怀，媒体要建构健康良性的价值观，要突出“人”尤其是普通百姓的主体地位，并要使人文关怀成为编采人员的职业道德。     

论医疗责任事故中的违反注意义务标准

“违反医疗中的注意义务”是医疗过失的本质。违反注意义务的判断标准在刑法理论上分歧较大。英美法系存在着客观说与主客观统一说之分,大陆法系存在着主观说、客观说、折中说之分,而中国刑法学则存在着主观说与主客观统一说之分。通过对医疗过失中违反注意义务标准的比较研究,提出客观注意的主观化标准学说。