Fāṭimids,Crusaders and the Fall of Islamic Jerusalem: Foes or Allies?

The fall of Islamic Jerusalem to the crusaders during the first Crusade created a sense of agitation and anger amongst Muslims as Islamic Jerusalem had been under their rule for centuries before. A considerable number of scholars have pointed at the Fā?imids as the main cause of the fall of Islamic Jerusalem, claiming that the region would not have fallen had it not been for the alliance and collaboration between the Fā?imids and the crusaders. This article is an attempt to present a critical analysis of the historical narratives of Muslim and non-Muslim historians who have continued to accuse the Fā?imids of collaborating with the crusaders and depict them as the main cause of the fall of Islamic Jerusalem during the first Crusade. It also tries to answer the following two questions. Did the Fā?imids really invite the crusaders to invade al-Sham? And is it true that the Fā?imids misunderstood the crusaders’ aims and targets?     

Cruising Mat Motor: Malay biker masculinity and queer desire in/through KL Menjerit

Abstract

This paper examines the construction of working‐class Mat Motor (Malay biker) masculinity and queer desire in/through KL Menjerit, a commercial biker film that exudes the unmistakably aura of working‐class kejantanan (masculinity). Specifically, I focus on how the film – or more precisely the ‘queer moments’ it contains – resonates in ways that are not necessarily obvious to the disinterested heterosexual public eye. The discussion takes into account both filmic elements and the sexual geography of Kuala Lumpur (KL), where shifting biker spaces sometimes intersect with homosexual cruising sites. My argument is that the film’s representation of the Mat Motor protagonist as unbendingly straight and heterosexually jantan – while imaginably gratifying to the core audience of Mat Motors – actually belies the opposite reality of KL’s ‘forgotten’ underside, where gender and sexuality are much more fluid and malleable than is sanctioned by society and the state.     

野生蔬菜野茼蒿营养成分分析及重金属元素风险评估

测定了浙江金华北山地区野生蔬菜野茼蒿(Crassocephalum crepidioides)食用部分的营养成分及不同器官、不同生境中Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Cd、Cr、Pb这8种金属元素含量,计算其地上、地下器官对这些元素的富集系数,并将野茼蒿与该地区其他23种野生蔬菜进行了营养成分含量的对比,对野茼蒿的营养价值和重金属风险进行了综合评估。研究结果表明:(1)野茼蒿食用部分的含水量、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、可溶性糖和灰分的鲜重含量分别为91.96%、1.95%、0.57%、2.20%和1.27%,其中粗蛋白含量比白菜、萝卜、黄瓜等经常食用蔬菜要高;(2)基于营养指标,应用PAST软件对43种蔬菜进行系统聚类表明,43种蔬菜大体上分成两类,野茼蒿营养价值与番茄、绿豆芽相近;(3)野茼蒿食用部分Cr、Cd、Pb三种有毒重金属元素含量分别是1.43、0.33、0.39 mg/kg,均已超标,其地上、地下部分Cd的富集系数分别为2.99和1.99;(4)与其他23种野生蔬菜相比,其重金属元素的综合风险指标排列第16位。作为一种有风味和特色的野生蔬菜,从蛋白质、可溶性糖、粗脂肪等指标看,野茼蒿的营养价值并不太高;由于野茼蒿对某些重金属具有一定的富集效应,食用时应注意其可能的风险。     

The challenge of sustaining change: contradictions within the development of teacher and librarian collaboration

Teacher and librarian collaboration has relatively low priority in schools and in educational research. This is a paradox, as teachers and librarians share a common social and educational mandate of literacy education. The purpose of this article is to examine this paradox through exploring systemic contradictions in teacher and librarian collaboration within literacy education. Our data consist of discursive interaction between project leaders in an educational intervention project in Norway. The aim of the intervention is to develop teacher and librarian collaboration in two primary schools. Our analytical starting point is a critical conflict that occurred in one of the project leader meetings. The conflict arises from differing discourses of literacy education held by the local education authority and by the intervention project. We analyze how the project leaders respond to the conflict, how the conflict triggers new tensions and dilemmas within the project leader group and how the conflict creates obstacles to sustaining teacher and librarian collaboration in the project schools. We argue that sustainable change can be achieved by tracing conflicts, dilemmas and tensions to systemic contradictions within and between activity systems.     

闪烁氟化玻璃的应用研究

1　Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　Ｈｅａｖｙｍｅｔａｌｆｌｕｏｒｉｄｅｓｇｌａｓｓｅｓａｒｅｏｆｐｒｉｍａｒｙｉｎｔｅｒ ｅｓｔｆｏｒｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓｉｎｔｈｅｏｐｔｉｃａｌｃｏｍｍｕｎｉ ｃａｔｉｏｎｆｉｅｌｄ ,ｄｕｅｔｏｔｈｅｉｒｔｒａｎｓｐａｒｅｎｃｙｔｏｌｉｇｈｔｓｒａｎｇ ｉｎｇｆｒｏｍＵＶｔｏｉｎｆｒａｒｅｄｒｅｇｉｏｎｓ.Ｍｏｒｅｏｖｅｒ ,ｔｈｅｉｒｍｅ ｃｈａｎｉｃａｌｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈｍａｋｅｓｔｈｅｍｇｏｏｄｃａｎｄｉｄａｔｅｓｆｏｒｗｉｎ ｄｏｗｓ,ｌａｓｅｒｈ…     

The poverty trap of education: Education–poverty connections in Western China

Traditional studies of development and education focus either on the benefits of education for lifting the poor out of poverty, or on the vicious circle created when poor cannot afford education. This paper adds to the traditional view by also focusing on the poverty trap that is created for families that invest heavily in education without obtaining returns. It offers another perspective on the new education–poverty trap, with the burden of educational costs as cause of poverty and deprivation for low- and middle-income families. Data from a large-scale survey of the Western regions of China shows that the cost of higher education is far beyond low- and middle-income families’ affordability. Chinese households face a dilemma: borrowing money to educate a child or avoiding debt but foregoing education and mobility. While already acknowledged as a major social problem in China, the new poverty–education connection has so far received relatively little scholarly attention.     

植物根分泌物及其效应

根分泌物是根际动态过程的核心物质，含有多糖、蛋白质、酶、有机酸、AA、酚类等多类有机物，影响着根际PH、EH和微生物活性，决定着土壤养分的生物有效性，控制着金属元素的迁移、转化和归宿，同时也是问作优势的重要原因之一。     

结构化思维模式在课程教学中的应用

根据结构化思维的基本原理,结合金属材料与热处理教学,采用情景分析法、知识整体结构呈现,促进学生主动思考等方式,对教学方法进行了有益探索。     

Applying ellipsometry to studying the effect of two kinds of rare earth metal salts on anodizing aluminum alloy

1.IntroductionDuringthepastyears,avarietyofsurfacetreatmentshavebeenusedtoincreasecorrosionresistanceofaluminumalloys.SinceHintonandhiscolleaguesfirstreportedthecorrosioninhibitionwithrareearthmetalsaltsforAA7075aluminumalloys[1],muchattentionhasbeenpaidtotheroleofrareearthadditivesintheareaofsurfacetreatmentsofaluminumanditsalloys.However,mostoftheseresearchesfocusedonrareearthconversioncoatingsformedbychemicalconversionmethods[2-8],theapplicationofrareearthmetalsaltsinanodizingofaluminumall…     

上海市高架道路径流持久性有毒物质研究(英文)

对上海市高架道路17场降雨径流进行收集监测,分析了降雨径流中10种重金属和16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的浓度.结果表明:上海市高架道路径流中10种重金属As,Se,Zn,Pb,Ni,Fe,Mn,Cr,Cu和Al的浓度范围分别为0.50~51.80,0~20.80,13.67~445.80,0~44.20,0~15.80,39.58~264.20,0~253.00,0~8.20,0~124.20,159.83~536.40μg/L.其中,Se,Pb,Mn和Al浓度值超过了其对应的基准连续浓度,而Zn和Cu则超过了其所对应的基准最大浓度.径流中多环芳烃浓度值范围为37.25~114.57ng/L,均低于对应的基准连续浓度.Zn,Cu和PAHs表现出明显的初期冲刷效应.运用改进的内梅罗指数法对径流水质进行评价,发现8场降雨径流样品水质生物毒性极强,4场生物毒性较强,3场生物毒性一般,仅有2场生物毒性较弱.因此,城市高架道路径流对水生态系统具有较高的生态风险,需对其进行净化处理.