Neutrinos and our Sun — Part 3

In the concluding part of the article on Neutrinos and our Sun we discuss the detection of atmospheric neutrinos, their fluxes and zenith angle distributions. Here too one finds discrepancies with theoretical predictions. We discuss how the idea of neutrino oscillations helps resolve both the solar neutrino puzzle (discussed in Part 2) and the discrepancy observed in atmospheric neutrino fluxes. This is followed by a discussion of neutrino masses and the recent confirmation of the neutrino oscillations in the KamLAND experiment.     

Dynamical Behavior of Core 3 He Nuclear Reaction-Diffusion Systems and Sun''s Gravitational Field

The coupling of the sun's gravitational field with processes of diffusion and convection exerts a significant influence on the dynamical behavior of the core 3He nuclear reaction-diffusion system. Stability analyses of the system are made in this paper by using the theory of nonequilibrium dynamics. It is showed that, in the nuclear reaction regions extending from the center to about 0.38 times of the radius of the sun, the gravitational field enables the core 3He nuclear reaction-diffusion system to become unstable and, after the instability, new states to appear in the system have characteristic of time oscillation. This may change the production rates of both 7Be and 8B neutrinos.     

Hans Bethe, the sun and the neutrinos

We give an elementary review of recent discoveries in neutrino physics, culminating in the solution of the solar neutrino problem and the discovery of neutrino mass. Atmospheric neutrinos, reactor neutrinos and other important developments are also briefly described. G Rajasekaran is a theoretical physicist at the Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai. His field of research is quantum field theory and high energy physics. Currently he is working in the area of neutrino physics.     

人类认识宇宙的新窗口──2002年诺贝尔物理学奖评介

评介了探测中微子、X射线的原理、方法，讨论了中微子质量不为零和一系列宇宙X射线源的发现、对其相关理论的冲击和充实、及其深远意义。     

Effect of solar electron temperature on pep solar neutrino flux in the chlorine solar neutrino experiment and the gallium solar neutrino experiment

1 Introduction a In this paper, we calculated the capture rates of pep solar neutrino in the chlorine and gallium solar neutrino experiments according to the standard solar model (SSM)[1-3] in which there are five separate neutrino sources within proton-proton chain involving the following nuclear reactions. 2 p + e ?+ p → H + νe (1) 2 p + p → H + e ++ νe (2) 2 Approximation calculation The rate of the pep reaction, p + e ?+ p → 2 H + νe, can be expressed in terms of the rate of reacti…     

Neutrinos and our sun — Part 2

In this part we describe the chain of nuclear reactions that fuse protons into helium nuclei in the centres of stars. Neutrinos play an important role in the proton-proton chain and detection of these neutrinos is important for a direct insight into the processes taking place at the centre of the sun. Experiments for the detection of solar neutrinos and the emerging result from them, known as the Solar Neutrino Puzzle, are described. The puzzle refused to go away even with very carefully designed experiments. Its solution came from physics, by reviving the idea of neutrino oscillations, speculated many decades ago. Recent experiments have confirmed these ideas and have enriched our knowledge of these fundamental particles.     

Computation of ~7Be solar neutrino flux

1. Introduction J. N. Bahcall computed 7Be electron-capture consi-dering only the capture of continuum electrons and neglecting the plasma screening by the ionized gas of the star [1] . While I. Iben et al. thought that there is a finite probability that 7Be exists as an atom with one or two bound K-shell electrons [2]. They computed the capture rate of bound electron in 7Be3+ and 7Be4+ using Debye-Huckel approximation to estimate the screening effect of the ionized plasma on the rate of b…     

中微子与泡利

在众多的亚原子粒子家族中,中微子是最令人捉摸不定的基本态粒子。它们虽然只参与弱相互作用,但它们似乎具有许多独特的性质,它们与粒子物理和天体物理的基本理论有着广泛的和至关重要的联系。泡利是第一个预言中微子存在的理论物理学家,他有着和中微子一样的迷,既琢磨不透,又魅力无穷。