一种快速的基于分区域的公交线路选择算法

提出了一种快速的基于分区域的公交线路选择算法。本算法首先把所有的公交车站划分为若干个区域,然后按照每个线路上为目标区域的站点数来确定搜索线路的优先级,而对于一条特定的线路上的站点,则按照站点是否在目标区域来确定搜索优先级。算法只搜索其中优先级较高的一部分,并且使用从起点终点两向同时搜索的技术,极大地减少了搜索空间。实验表明,该算法是快速而有效的。     

主要营养素对心血管疾病影响的研究进展

营养素（脂肪、维生素、矿物质、蛋白质等）影响着高血压、高血脂、冠心病等心血管疾病.肥胖、甘油三酯（TG）水平与高血压病的发生率密切相关;钠对高血压的作用强度大,钾与钠的比例以及钙的摄入量直接影响血压的高低;维生素C、维生素E可改善高血压患者受损的内皮依赖性血管舒张功能.VitC与VitE、食物纤维具有良好的降低血脂的作用;缺锌可引起血脂代谢异常.高脂肪和高胆固醇能增加冠心病的发病率;VitE具有抗动脉粥样硬化的作用;多钠能促进冠心病的发生,镁能阻止或者延缓动脉粥样硬化的发生及发展.     

明清时期漕运对徐州地方文化影响探析

徐州是明清时期运河流经的重要地区,漕运对徐州的地方文化产生了重要影响。漕运的畅通促进了明清小说和地方戏曲的传播,明清时期徐州兴盛的科举教育、繁荣的建筑文化和商业文化也都与便利的漕运密切相关。明清时期漕运对徐州地方文化的作用和影响推动了徐州运河文化的形成和发展。     

我国民航运输业发展所面临的问题和出路

在经历了多年的高速发展后,我国民航运输业的发展面临着诸多问题和挑战。为了进一步发展我国民航运输业,必须在行业内部加强供给能力建设,着力优化民航结构,重点解决瓶颈制约。     

Charge transport in conducting polyaniline co-doped with sulfosalicylic acid and dodecylbenzoyl sulfonic acid

We prepared conducting polyaniline （PAn） co-doped with sulfosalicylic acid （SSA） and dodecylbenzoyl sultonic acid （DBSA） in micro-emulsive polymerization, and studied its charge transport behaviors based on the measurement of its electrical conductivity in the temperature range between 203 K and 298 K. The conductivity was found to increase with temperature, similar to the case in semiconductors. Analyzing the experimental data with three models, namely the charge-energy-limitedtunneling model, Kivelson model and the three-dimensional variable range hopping （3D-VRH） model demonstrated that these models all describe well the charge transport behaviors of PAn co-doped with SSA and DBSA within the mentioned temperature range. From calculation with the 3D-VRH model, the hopping distance of the conducting PAn is obviously larger than its localization length. The PAn doped with SSA and DBSA enjoys desirable crystallinity due to the co-doping of two functional sulfonic acids. The macroscopic conductivity may correspond to three-dimensional transport in the network of the bundles, and the metallic islands may be attributed to quasi-one-dimensional bundles.     

浅谈铁路建设对怀化经济发展的影响

在经济全球化深入发展、区域竞争日趋激烈的今天,作为经济发展硬环境构成要件的交通基础设施,已成为影响一个地区经济发展的重要因素。怀化被誉为"火车拖来的城市"。交通尤其是铁路在城市的形成和发展过程中发挥过不可替代的作用。在"十一五"新一轮发展中,作为内陆山区的怀化,仍需坚持交通先行,把交通建设摆到重要位置全力加以推进。     

对一种新型探测器蒙特卡罗方法模拟验证

介绍了用蒙特卡罗方法模拟光子在一种新型用于总β测量的闪烁探测器中的输运过程,结果表明探测器能使γ本底降低一个数量级左右.     

Cyclic electron flow around photosystem I is required for adaptation to high temperature in a subtropical forest tree, Ficus concinna

Dissipation mechanisms of excess photon energy under high-temperature stress were studied in a subtropical forest tree seedling, Ficus concinna. Net CO2 assimilation rate decreased to 16% of the control after 20 of high-temperature stress, and thus the absorption of photon energy exceeded the energy required for CO2 assimilation. The efficiency of excitation energy capture by open photosystem Ⅱ (PSII) reaction centres (Fv'/Fm') at moderate irradiauce, photochemical quenching (qp), and the quantum yield of PSII electron transport (φPSII) were significantly lower after high-temperature stress. Nevertheless, non-photochemical quenching (qHP) and energy-dependent quenching (qE) were significantly higher under such conditions. The post-irradiation transient of chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence significantly increased after the turnoff of the actinic light (AL), and this increase was considerably higher in the 39 ℃-grown seedlings than in the 30 ℃-grown ones. The increased post-irradiation fluorescence points to enhanced cyclic electron transport around PSI under high growth temperature conditions, thus helping to dissipate excess photon energy non-radiatively.     

Skiing accidents in the past 15 years

For the last 15 years a statistical analysis of distances skied and of alpine skiing accidents has been performed in the Davos‐Klosters skiing area, a ‘closed’ skiing area, where every skier has to return from the top to the bottom station. Distance skied is measured by vertical drop in 10⁶ km determined by calculations from frequency surveys by lift‐operators. About 2.5 million km per season have been skied during the past years, a number remaining constant for the last 15 years. In the same time the requirement for rescue‐transports in this area has shown a decline of 46% to 288 transports per season due to a decrease of the number of injuries with initial immobilization. Therefore the so‐called transport‐quotient (one rescue‐transport per 10⁴ km of vertical drop skied) has decreased from its initial value of 4 to 1 per 10⁴ km. During the same time all winter sport injuries were analysed at the hospital of Davos. About 90% are injuries caused by alpine skiing resulting in a total of 17 246 alpine skiing injuries for the last 15 years. There is a great decline in the incidence of lower leg fractures with a contrary development of knee injuries. Today half of the lower leg injuries are knee injuries (280 knee injuries out of a total of 1250 alpine skiing accidents per season). There is a gradual increase of upper extremity injuries from 17% of all skiing injuries in 1972 to 35% in 1976. A Swiss multicentre study on skiing safety shows comparable injury patterns in other skiing areas. The average injury‐severity measured by several parameters is declining.

In a technical investigation of skiing equipment of 1072 persons who sustained an accident, only 32% had ski bindings with tolerable frontal release and 17% with tolerable torsional release. Parallel measurements of bindings of 600 non‐injured skiers gave the same alarming results. More research on the correlation between binding adjustment and knee injuries is needed.     

运动和营养素的细胞内作用靶点——线粒体：阿尔茨海默病防治的新思路

阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer Disease,AD）是一种与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病,目前缺乏有效的防治方法.研究表明,适量的运动和营养素,可以通过改善脑内线粒体的功能,延缓认知功能衰退和阿尔茨海默病的发生和发展.我们将这类靶向于线粒体的营养素或天然产物定义为线粒体营养素.本文从线粒体角度,综述了运动和线粒体营养素对阿尔茨海默病中神经元的作用机制,为阿尔茨海默病的防治提供新的思路.