远程开放教育教学资源建设探讨

本文从管理的角度探讨教学资源建设过程中应把握的主要环节，提出要规划好教学资源建设重点；明确教学资源开发主体；重视教学资源开发前期准备工作；严格教学资源开发过程管理；强化教学资源的应用效果评价。     

Why So Many Repositories? Examining the Limitations and Possibilities of the Institutional Repositories Landscape

Academic libraries fail to take advantage of the network effect because they manage too many digital repositories locally. While this argument applies to all manner of digital repositories, this article examines the fragmented environment of institutional repositories (IR), in which effort and costs are duplicated, numerous software platforms and versions are managed simultaneously, metadata are applied inconsistently, users are served poorly, and libraries are unable to take advantage of collective data about content and users. In the meantime, commercial IR vendors and academic social networks have shown much greater success with cloud-based models. Collectively, the library profession has enough funding to create a national-level IR, but it lacks the willingness to abandon local control.     

《中华人民共和国政府信息公开条例》与电子政务的发展

《中华人民共和国政府信息公开条例》的颁布为政府信息公开提供了法律保障。本文阐明了政府信息公开及其立法理论基础人民主权和知情权的内涵与意义,并对《条例》的作用与原则、信息公开的范围、知情权的内容等进行了介绍与探讨,并对信息公开法律规定与电子政务相辅相成的关系进行了分析。     

DSpace系统嵌入式检索服务设计与实现*

介绍选择SRU实现DSpace系统检索服务的原因和背景,分析基于SRU协议的DSpace系统嵌入式检索服务的设计架构,并以JavaScript HTML和Google Gadget的方式实现检索服务,使得DSpace检索服务能够很好地嵌入用户环境,与其他系统实现无缝集成。     

面向数字人文的开放数据生态系统:构成要素与模型框架

［目的/意义］ 构建面向数字人文的开放数据生态系统,可为开放科学、多学科合作、数据驱动时代的数字人文创新发展提供理论参考和实践指引。［方法/过程］ 在分析数字人文开放数据内涵与特征的基础上,基于信息生态理论对数字人文开放数据生态系统构成要素进行分析,进而建构数字人文开放数据生态系统的模型框架。［结果/结论］ 数字人文开放数据生态系统包括数据人、数据资源、数据环境3个核心构成要素,在内循环和外循环逻辑下,涉及统筹协调机制、协同合作机制、质量控制机制等内容。数字人文开放数据生态系统是一个复杂的系统工程,需要从多方面聚力突破,从"数据供给"层面为人文研究范式转型提供支持。     

国家科研论文和科技信息高端交流平台的战略定位与核心特征

建设高端交流平台是对国家科技信息和科技情报体系的顶层设计,也是新时期科技情报研究和工作的指导思想,为科技情报的未来指明了发展方向。在国家"十四五"规划中,高端交流平台的构建上升到了国家战略高度,是加强我国科学战略力量的重要任务之一,相较于一般意义的平台具有更丰富的内涵和更高的定位。文章站在全球科技格局和创新生态的高度,从国家科技安全、国家重大需求、科技创新范式等三个维度系统思考高端交流平台的战略定位。基于对高端交流平台的三个定位、中国国家科技战略发展的根本需要以及对全球科技创新态势的正确认知,结合中国国情,从三个维度阐释高端交流平台构建的核心特征:一是开放,从单向被动不对等开放走向双向主动对等开放交流;二是融合,从成果发布走向知识融合;三是计算,从辅助科学发现的工具走向自主科学发现的主体。     

我国开放科学研究:基础理论、实践进展与发展路径

文章梳理和分析我国开放科学研究现状,为开放科学理论研究和实践发展提供借鉴。基于85篇开放科学文献评述开放科学的认知流派、内容体系、驱动因素、现实意义等基础理论;分析开放科学环境下图书馆的发展机遇、角色定位与路径抉择;梳理国内外在开放科学政策、开放科学数据、开放获取期刊、开放科学出版、开放科学社区、开放科学基础设施等方面的实践进展;对比国内外开放科学实践现状,分析我国实践的不足和全球开放科学发展面临的困境,提出完善开放科学实践的若干举措;总结分析开放科学研究成果的不足之处,并对未来开放科学的研究方向进行展望。开放科学的基础理论研究已逐渐增多,图书馆可适当参与开放科学进程并拓展相关业务,世界各国虽然进行了丰富的开放科学实践,但依旧困境重重,未来应该多措并举,全面融入开放科学全过程。     

基于用户行为建模和大数据挖掘的图书馆个性化服务研究

[目的/意义] 大数据背景下,如何构建合适的用户行为模型并基于海量的行为日志数据提供个性化服务,是当前图书馆大数据应用落地迫切需要解决的问题。[方法/过程] 首先分析用户行为模型构建的研究现状及存在的困境,接着密切结合大数据背景下个性化服务的特征,针对性提出基于本体的高校图书馆用户行为模型的构建策略和构建方法,并设计一种利用用户日志库提取用户显性兴趣和隐性需求本体的个性化服务方案,最后给出基于流行的Hadoop大数据分析平台和MapReduce计算框架的图书馆个性化服务的应用案例。[结果/结论] 基于本体构建的用户行为模型,技术上可与大数据分析平台实现无缝对接,从而提供实时而精准的服务,能有效应对当前大数据环境下图书馆个性化服务面临的“知识迷航”“信息过载”和“情感缺失”的挑战。     

Faculty and Instructor Perceptions of Open Educational Resources in Engineering

As open education initiatives aiming to lower the cost of course materials appeared at two universities, librarians became involved in identifying open educational resources (OERs) for university courses. However, when considering a number of subject areas—particularly in colleges focused on upper-division instruction—librarians encountered problems related to the availability of resources and materials selection processes. For this project, librarians selected one prominent subject area at their respective institutions—engineering—and worked to identify best practices for introducing OERs into courses. They surveyed engineering faculty and instructors to better understand their perceptions and needs related to OERs and, based on this work, they suggest best practices for liaison librarians in specialized fields who wish to incorporate OERs into their outreach work with a focus on upper-division courses.     

Publisher Package and Open Access Journals: Are Any of Them Predatory?

Similar to a study by Nelson and Huffman on the presence of predatory journals in aggregator databases, this study presents the results of a comparison between Jeffrey Beall’s List of Standalone Journals and a group of six commercial publisher and open access journal packages. A subject analysis of the predatory journals listed on Beall’s standalone journal list was also conducted along with an analysis of the trend in predatory publisher and journal growth. In the end, only a small number of predatory journals were found to exist within the publisher packages. The subject analysis of the journals on Beall’s standalone journal list revealed that most of the journals on his list were either multidisciplinary in nature or allied with science, medicine/health, and technology subjects. However, because the number of predatory journals discovered in the publisher packages was too small, a meaningful statement about the predominant subject areas of the predatory content found in the publisher packages could not be made. Finally, within the context of the publishing world at large, based on the historical development of predatory publishers and their journals, a dramatic increase in their growth is forecast. Because Beall’s lists of predatory publishers and standalone journals were often used by authors for guidance but are no longer available, several tools for evaluation of publisher and journal quality are summarized.