课程改革对教师观念与教学行为的影响探析--基于甘肃省普通高中研究性学习实施现状的调查研究

课程改革能否取得效果,取决于教师能否对新课程的理念有深刻的认识,更重要的是教师能否把新课程的理念和目标转化为教师最终的教学行为。对甘肃省普通高中研究性学习课程实施现状的调查研究表明：一方面,随着课程改革的逐步推进,多数教师通过课程培训和自主探索实现了教育观念的转向;另一方面,教育改革的复杂性及其教师的现实处境,使多数教师的教学行为与新课程的要求有一定距离。教师自身的变革动力是推动教师教学行为改善的内在因素,而课程实践问题的解决,为教师教学行为改善提供了外部条件。课程管理者需不断提升对于课程改革的认识,帮助教师解决课程实践问题,使教师真正成为课程变革的动力,促使教师积极主动地改善教学行为,推动课程改革的深入发展。     

细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))对农村环境空气质量评价的影响分析

为了评估细颗粒物(PM2.5)监测对农村空气质量等级的影响,2014年在3个村庄监测了二氧化硫(SO2)、二氧化氮(NO2)、吸入性颗粒(PM10)和细颗粒物(PM2.5)等污染指标,使用环境空气质量标准(GB 3095-2012)和环境空气质量指数(AQI)法进行评价。结果显示:农村环境空气质量评价等级在细颗粒物(PM2.5)纳入评估后有所降低,等级为优的比例从29.7%下降到1.7%,等级为良的比例从70.3%提高到95.0%,同时轻微污染的比例从0提高到3.3%。环境空气质量指数(AQI)法对空气污染物有了更准确的评价,能评估未超标情况下空气污染物对空气质量的贡献程度。PM2.5与PM10有显著的正相关关系。     

高职院校贫困生消费行为及引导策略

贫困生作为高校大学生群体中的特殊群体,是各高职院校学生思想管理工作的关注对象。贫困生大多来自农村,家庭经济相对困难,进入大学校园后,随着现代社会的消费观念不断更新,贫困生因受到校园环境、文化教育、年龄等心理特征的影响,消费行为也发生变化。文章主要以广西四所高职院校的部分大学生为研究对象,通过问卷调查、访谈等方式,分析大学生消费的基本现状,并重点对高校贫困生消费现状进行研究和探讨,对贫困生加强思想政治教育,开展积极向上的心理健康指导加以引导。     

移动网络团购APP信息采纳行为影响因素研究——基于信息生态视角的分析

[目的/意义]移动互联网环境下的网络团购是电子商务发展中出现的新的产业形态,研究移动网络团购APP信息采纳行为对推动移动信息消费具有积极的作用.[方法/过程]基于信息生态视角建立移动网络团购APP信息采纳行为概念模型,运用问卷调查和结构方程的实证研究方法对模型的适用性进行检验.[结果/结论]数据结果表明,信息人是移动网络团购APP信息采纳行为模型中的关键影响因素,信息、信息技术、信息环境对移动团购APP信息采纳态度均产生正向影响,信息采纳态度对信息采纳行为产生正向影响.本研究对更好地了解移动环境下用户信息消费行为并有针对性地开发APP软件具有一定的参考价值.     

Calculating the Return on Investment (ROI) for Library Consortia

This column focuses on formal collaboration and networking among libraries through consortia. It offers in-depth examinations of issues facing modern library consortia including (but not limited to) e-resource licensing, ebooks, next generation integrated library systems, shared print archiving, shared digital repositories, governance and other relevant topics. Contributions are accepted for this column and must be submitted to George Machovec (george@coalliance.org). Contact the column editor for suggested topics, deadlines and formatting.

Library consortia are under increasing scrutiny regarding their value to member libraries. Most consortia offer a suite of services which can be valued either quantitatively or qualitatively to determine a return on investment for money and time put into consortial activities. Various common consortial activities are discussed with thoughts regarding their value to local libraries. Recommendations and suggestions are provided on how to perform a Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA)/Return on Investment (ROI).     

公共数字文化资源整合中行为主体的角色及职能研究

[目的/意义] 探讨已有公共数字文化资源整合项目中不同行为主体扮演的角色及其职能, 为未来类似项目的建设提供借鉴与参考。[方法/过程] 结合社会学的“角色理论”, (包括角色期待、角色领悟和角色实践3个状态)和管理学的“职能理论”(主要探讨组织的管理职能), 探讨构建公共数字文化资源项目中的角色期待模型(包括角色设置与分配及角色职能设置与分配)。利用文献与网络调研方法, 对4个具有代表性的公共数字文化资源整合项目的组织模式进行归纳, 并依托国际图联总结的该类项目的基本建设流程, 总结出该类项目建设中一般所应有的角色设置与分配方式以及各角色所应有的基本职能。[结果/结论] 在公共数字文化资源整合项目建设初始阶段, 应当明确各行为主体的角色及其职能;角色的设置包括:发起主体、指导主体、实施主体和保障主体;项目的不同建设阶段中, 角色职能有所不同, 角色分配在不同建设阶段有所不同。     

我国医学从业者科学数据共享行为调查研究

[目的/意义]医学从业者的科学数据共享行为研究意在了解科学数据共享的技术、平台和环境以及医学从业者对科学数据共享的认知、共享意愿与实际行为,从而发现问题并有针对性地解决问题,这对于科学数据共享政策制定、平台建设和技术发展等具有重要的参考价值。[方法/过程]将拟调查的科学数据共享行为分成已有科学数据共享行为和科学数据共享意愿两大部分,主要通过问卷调查的形式,对医学从业者的科学数据共享行为进行调查研究。[结果/结论]对比分析不同类型医学从业者和不同人群的科学数据共享行为差异,归纳医学从业者科学数据共享行为的特点,并根据这些特点对我国医学科学数据服务机构提出建议。     

Hybrid Journals: Ensuring Systematic and Standard Discoverability of the Latest Open Access Articles

An important current challenge for research information providers is ensuring the automated discovery of Open Access (OA) content in hybrid journals. We found no evidence of discovery services that are able to systematically identify the crucially important free full-text availability of OA articles regardless of where and how such articles have been published (i.e., in fully OA journals or in hybrid journals). A solution is important because hybrid journals are proliferating and consequently the chances of missing OA articles is real and is happening. Nearly all of the major publishers now provide such journals in order to take advantage of recent changes in research funder requirements, and to be competitive in the new OA business model. By working with a group of scholarly publisher partners and by using standard metadata elements that publishers are already familiar with, we show a systematic and standardized manner to identify OA at the article level. Our proposal is to embed OA-related elements in the metadata freely exposed by publishers for aggregators and discovery services. For example, in the Table of Content (TOC) Really Simple Syndication feeds the publishers use to announce new journal issues and content. Based on the initial results obtained, we discuss the capabilities of our solution, and evaluate the impact produced by our application in the systematic discoverability of OA content from the participating hybrid journals, using an implementation done with the freely available journal current awareness service—JournalTOCs.     

Actions and Updates on the Standards and Best Practices Front

Four standards and best practices recently released or currently underway at the National Information Standards Organization were presented: Knowledge Bases and Related Tools, Presentation and Identification of E-Journals, Open Discovery Initiative, and Open Access Metadata Indicators. Basics outlining the creation work and deliverables were shared for each project. Applicability of these standards and best practices for different stakeholders of the information community were discussed.     

代词"其"能否做主语的辨析

根据《现代汉语词典》中"其"的含义以及《辞海》中"主语"的定义,对5种编辑出版类期刊和3种语言文字类期刊中"其"的用法进行辨析,认为代词"其"在白话文里能够用作主语.