How beneficial are relational capital and technology orientation for innovation? Evidence from Mexican SMEs

Globally, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are engines of economic growth and job creation. After the pandemic, innovation activities have become more critical than ever as a generator of competitiveness. Therefore, we need to better understand the factors that lead to innovation in SMEs. This study aims to analyze the role of relational capital and technology orientation in innovation to appreciate its final impact on firm performance. The main results reveal a strong positive effect of relational capital on innovation, but the effect is not so strong as firm performance. We also found a strong positive effect of relational capital on technology orientation. Finally, we offer some clues in the debate on technology as a source of innovation and how relational capital and technology orientation are related to a firm’s performance. The results reveal significant implications for innovation policies and relational capital strategies for SMEs.     

面向外部导向的创新能力提升研究:机制与情境

探讨企业如何面向外部环境来实现创新能力提升,提出市场导向和社会资本是创新基础,外部学习是主要方式,组织资本会作为情境条件而影响作用。并利用184家企业样本进行实证研究,结果表明:市场导向和社会资本不仅直接影响创新能力,还会通过外部学习为中介来促进创新能力提升,组织资本负向调节外部学习与创新能力之间的关系。     

原创性基础研究的内涵分析及对原创探索计划项目的启示

原创性基础研究是推动科学技术发展的关键动能,是引领新一轮科技革命和产业变革的源头供给。为进一步强化对原创性基础研究的资助工作,国家自然科学基金委员会将实施原创探索计划作为深化改革的重点工作之一。文章通过对原创性基础研究的概念和特征进行研究分析,结合调研国外主要科学资助机构关于原创性基础研究项目的资助导向,进一步探讨原创性基础研究的内涵和定位,在此基础上为促进原创思想的发现和识别、优化原创探索计划项目的申请与评审管理工作提出具体建议,以期进一步促进我国原创性基础研究。     

日英谚语中折射出的人际关系价值取向的差异

谚语是文化和思想的活化石。通过谚语能够了解一国的风土人情、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、历史传统等方方面面。本文以日英谚语为窗口,从人际关系的角度,探讨了日本和欧美在人际关系价值取向方面的差异,以图增进相互了解,提高跨文化交际能力。     

影响科研人员成长的领导行为与文化导向

 借鉴服务型领导（SL）理论、GLOBE的文化导向框架,构建影响科研人员成长绩效的理论模型。问卷调查的结果表明（N=223）：（1）SL能够积极推动人才成长;（2）4种文化导向组合,相应的成长绩效呈显著区别;（3）因文化导向组合不同,SL的影响过程呈现“全面性、选择性、偶发性、反向性”4种模式。研究证明了文化导向组合存在调节效应,揭示了SL影响过程的微观机理与适用条件。     

Towards sentiment and Temporal Aided Stance Detection of climate change tweets

Climate change has become one of the most significant crises of our time. Public opinion on climate change is influenced by social media platforms such as Twitter, often divided into believers and deniers. In this paper, we propose a framework to classify a tweet’s stance on climate change (denier/believer). Existing approaches to stance detection and classification of climate change tweets either have paid little attention to the characteristics of deniers’ tweets or often lack an appropriate architecture. However, the relevant literature reveals that the sentimental aspects and time perspective of climate change conversations on Twitter have a major impact on public attitudes and environmental orientation. Therefore, in our study, we focus on exploring the role of temporal orientation and sentiment analysis (auxiliary tasks) in detecting the attitude of tweets on climate change (main task). Our proposed framework STASY integrates word- and sentence-based feature encoders with the intra-task and shared-private attention frameworks to better encode the interactions between task-specific and shared features. We conducted our experiments on our novel curated climate change CLiCS dataset (2465 denier and 7235 believer tweets), two publicly available climate change datasets (ClimateICWSM-2022 and ClimateStance-2022), and two benchmark stance detection datasets (SemEval-2016 and COVID-19-Stance). Experiments show that our proposed approach improves stance detection performance (with an average improvement of 12.14% on our climate change dataset, 15.18% on ClimateICWSM-2022, 12.94% on ClimateStance-2022, 19.38% on SemEval-2016, and 35.01% on COVID-19-Stance in terms of average F1 scores) by benefiting from the auxiliary tasks compared to the baseline methods.     

中国欠发达资源富集区的界定、特征与功能定位

欠发达资源富集区是指经济发展水平较低但自然资源、特别是矿产资源较为丰富的地区,是我国最具典型意义的类型区。欠发达资源富集区,集经济落后性、社会复杂性、生态脆弱性、环境敏感性、资源富集性、致富迫切性等特点于一体,在中国经济区划、资源功能区划、生态环境功能区划、国土规划及主体功能区划中,均占有十分重要的地位。分析发现",资源诅咒"在部分欠发达资源富集区明显,已经严重影响到经济持续发展、社会和谐稳定、生态环境保护和资源合理开发。建立"资源诅咒"预警系统,采取包括资源措施、生态措施、产业措施等在内的系列措施,有效规避"资源诅咒"是欠发达资源富集区实现可持续发展的必由之路。     

创业导向对员工创新行为影响的跨层次实证研究——以创新氛围和心理授权为中介变量

 探讨了宏观层面的创业导向、创新氛围变量对微观层面雇员心理授权与创新行为变量的影响,在对52家企业260名员工就创业导向、创新氛围、心理授权与创新行为等变量数据调研的基础上,应用跨层次分析表明：创业导向有助于组织创新氛围的构建,而创新氛围会提升员工的心理授权和创新行为表现,且心理授权是创新氛围与员工创新行为的部分跨层次中介变量。这些结论有助于更好地理解创业导向向组织绩效转换的中间机制。     

国家工程实验室建设评价的基本问题探讨

国家工程实验室建设评价的主要社会背景是国家之间产业技术创新竞争加剧以及公共研发支出绩效评价压力增加。基于对主要政策依据的梳理及与相近创新平台建设功能定位和评价的比较,对国家工程实验室的建设宗旨和特色使命进行了分析,重点探讨其功能定位与评价需求,进而设计了评价体系的基本框架,包括评价目标、模式、指标体系和关键指标设计,最后是国家工程实验室建设评价的总结和展望。     

绩效考核、变革型领导和员工创新的关系研究

绩效考核作为企业普遍采用的管理工具,对员工行为有深远影响,但不同的绩效考核方式对员工的影响不同。研究表明国内大多数企业采用评价型绩效考核方式,不利于激发员工创新行为。将变革型领导方式作为调节变量,引入到评价型绩效考核与员工创新行为之间关系中,结果表明,变革型领导方式可以在很大程度上矫正评价导向的绩效考核对员工创新行为的不利影响。