SIRS、SOFA和qSOFA评分在筛查脓毒症中的意义

目的分析全身炎症反应综合征(systemic inflammatory response syndrome,SIRS)评分、序贯器官功能(sequential organ failure assessment,SOFA)评分及快速序贯器官功能(quick sequential organ failure assessment,qSOFA)评分在脓毒症早期筛查中的意义。方法:选取2016年5月30日-2018年5月30日收治于我院重症医学科患者232例感染或疑似感染患者为研究对象,对其病例资料进行回顾性分析。进行SIRS评分、SOFA评分及qSOFA评分,分析三种评分方法对脓毒症患者阳性检出率及28天病死率。结果:232例感染或疑似感染患者中,SIRS组检出141例,阳性检出率60.8%,28天病死率16.3%,SOFA组检出80例,阳性检出率34.5%,28天病死率22.5%,qSOFA组检出42例,阳性检出率18.1%,28天病死率38%。结论:SOFA评分和qSOFA评分能对感染性患者预后能做出较为准确的评估,qSOFA评分最优。     

国际贸易中专利产品平行进口的经济分析

平行进口问题不仅仅涉及到知识产权,也不仅仅是一个法律问题,它还与国际贸易和国际经济有着十分紧密的联系。专利产品平行进口不但可能使消费者得到物美价廉的商品,而且对一国的综合经济利益都将起到不容忽视的作用,中国应原则上允许专利产品平行进口,这是符合中国利益的。     

网络经济时代的企业知识产权管理

本文在概述知识产权管理及其在网络经济时代新特点的基础上，重点分析了我国企业知识产权管理策略。包括加强组织管理、利用知识产权软件和信息管理系统、注重知识产权管理细节问题、熟悉了解知识产权相关法律。     

基于产权交易的“规范化-创新”双螺旋

文章从技术产权交易的角度寻找技术创新的原动力。与此同时，把与技术产权交易相关的规范放入规范有效性模型中进行检验，以期进一步展现规范化与创新之螺旋上升良性循环互动关系，并且，产权交易是推动这一循环的根本动力。     

最优专利长度与宽度设计研究

专利制度在授予专利权人垄断权利的同时 ,必然会产生专利权人享有垄断期限的长短和垄断程度的大小问题 ,前者即专利长度 ,而后者是专利宽度的问题。专利长度是专利受到法律保护的年限 ,专利宽度的定义多种多样 ,我们把专利宽度定义为政府对专利保护的严厉程度。如何设计最优的专利长度与宽度以使全社会的净福利达到最大化 ,以及设计何种专利保护方向以平衡专利权人、模仿者以及社会公众的利益 ,是本文将要讨论的主题。     

专利申请人之信息披露义务的价值、模式与规则重构

专利申请人的信息披露义务,就是要求申请人将其知悉的、对申请的可专利性有重要影响的信息,主动提供给专利行政机关。信息披露义务的科学构建和恰当履行,有助于降低审查信息的搜索成本,有助于提升专利申请和审查的质量,有助于建立诚信的专利运行体系。根据违反义务所需承担法律责任的不同,信息披露义务可以区分为强法律责任、弱法律责任和无法律责任三种立法模式。我国专利法的规定属无法律责任模式,这导致我国专利信息披露义务的虚置化,严重影响了专利制度价值目标的实现。应当从信息披露义务的主体、应为披露的内容、披露的时间和方式等方面重构我国专利信息披露制度,同时为违反信息披露义务的行为规定明确的法律责任。     

多层次-可拓专利价值分析评价方法的研究——基于国知局专利价值分析指标体系

随着国家经济逐步转向高质量发展阶段,我国专利从量变积累到质变已成为必然,各省市陆续开展高价值专利培育。本文采用国家知识产权局《专利价值分析指标体系》,从法律价值、技术价值和经济价值三个方面着手,协同多层次分析法和可拓理论,建立了多层次-可拓专利价值分析评价方法。通过实例证明该评价方法的客观性,为开展高价值专利培育提供了有力的支撑。     

Education and employment status: a test of the strong screening hypothesis in Italy

We apply the comparative techniques originated by Wolpin, K.I. (1977, Education and screening, American Economic Review, 67, 949–958) and Psacharopoulos (1979, On the weak versus the strong version of the screening hypothesis, Economics Letters, 4, 181–185) to discriminate between the ‘weak' and ‘strong' screening hypotheses. Controlling for sample selection, we find evidence for weak but not strong screening in the Italian labour market. [JEL J3, J24, J41]     

Examining the predictive validity of behavior screeners across measures and respondents

Through this study we compared different informants and different behavior screening tools that are available to screen for behavioral and emotional risk. We examined screening results from 100 students from a high school with a high achiever's magnet program in the Southeastern United States (school demographics: 71% female and 79% black, non-Hispanic). This school conducted behavior screening using both teacher-report via the Student Risk Screening Scale, Internalizing/Externalizing (SRSS-IE) and student report via the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Nonparametric correlation tests were conducted between the SRSS-IE and SDQ externalizing and internalizing scores. Generalized linear regression models were created based on the data (demographics, internalizing, and externalizing scores on both screening tools) to model the two count outcomes (office discipline referrals [ODRs] and absences). Diagnostic accuracy metrics were generated from the scores on both the SRSS-IE and SDQ with the outcome measures (ODRs and absences). Externalizing scores on both screening tools had statistically significant low correlations. The ODR model contained two predictors: externalizing score on the SRSS-IE and internalizing score on the SDQ, while the absence model contained grade and the externalizing score on the SDQ. The highest accuracy and agreement values were seen between students with elevated risks on both screening measures and ODRs. The results confirmed that teacher and student reporting, as well as different screening tools, will result in some different students being identified. The choice of informant and screening tools should be dependent on the needs and resources of the school.     

基于灰色模糊理论的核心专利识别方法研究

针对现有核心专利识别方法在指标选定及权重判定方面较为单一的不足,利用布拉德福定律及灰色模糊理论提出一套技术领域核心专利识别方法.首先,通过技术应用区域、主要IPC、主要研究机构及3D专利地图等4个维度的分析,了解相应技术的发展状态;其次,运用布拉德福定律确定核心专利的数量,并从技术、法律、市场的角度构建指标体系,运用灰...