乒乓球运动员膝关节损伤机制研究——对3种常用步法的膝关节负荷特征分析

目的:了解不同性别乒乓球运动员完成并步、跳步、跨步3种常用步法时膝关节的负荷特征,并探析乒乓球运动员膝关节的损伤机制。方法:对乒乓球男、女各10名运动员完成3种常用步法动作时的下肢运动学、动力学数据进行采集和处理,并运用方差分析法比较不同性别、不同技术之间的差异。结果:受试者在完成3种步法过程中,膝关节屈角大致范围在20°~60°。当地面反作用力最大时,女运动员比男运动员表现出更小的外展角(P<0.05),跳步比并步和跨步表现出更小的外展角(P<0.05);在三维受力方面,膝关节受到垂直方向上的力最大,水平向后和向左的力次之,未表现出显著的性别差异和技术差异;在三维力矩方面,膝关节受到的伸膝力矩较大,也未表现出显著的性别差异和技术差异。结论:膝关节屈曲状态下,较大的地面反作用力和膝关节外展角易导致乒乓球运动员前交叉韧带损伤,女运动员的损伤风险小于男运动员,跳步的损伤风险小于并步和跨步;水平向后和向左的力易造成乒乓球运动员软骨和半月板损伤;过大的伸膝力矩易导致乒乓球运动员髌腱末端病和髌骨软化。     

我国开展女子十项全能运动的必要性及实施策略

运用献资料、逻辑归纳、对比分析、专家访谈等方法，分析奥运会田径项目发展趋势，指出男女田径项目设置将最终走向数量、形式上完全融合，提出我国提前开展女子十项全能运动的原因、意义及实施措施，旨在为我国田径运动更好地开展及竞技运动水平的快速提高提供参考依据。     

学校体育对中小学生心理健康教育影响作用探讨

通过文献资料研究、社会调查、专家访谈和比较分析等研究方法，对我国部分地区中小学生心理健康状况进行了调查分析，并运用体育学、保健学、教育学和心理学等学科理论知识与研究成果，探讨了学校体育对中小学生心理健康教育影响的积极效应与促进作用。     

体育与(健康)课程中的心理健康教育

本文阐述了体育 (与健康 )课程中实施心理健康教育的意义及该课程对心理健康的影响 ,并对体育 (与健康 )课程中实施心理健康教育的途径进行了探讨 ,为全面推进素质教育 ,提高学生心理健康水平提供参考。     

女排运动员的身心特征及训练要求

从女排队员人体解剖、生理机能、心理状态、技战术特点及发展趋势等方面阐述女排队员的特征及训练原则，为女排运动训练及比赛提供一定的理论依据。     

Medieval and renaissance glass technology in Valdelsa (Florence). Part 1: raw materials, sands and non-vitreous finds

A significant number of archaeological finds of the 13th–16th century from the Tuscan sites of Germagnana and Gambassi in Valdelsa—FI, was studied by different physico-chemical investigations (SEM–EDS, ICP, Mössbauer spectroscopy, XRD, XRF, TG-DTA) in order to contribute to clarify the production methodology and the pre-industrial glass manufacture technology. The studied samples are mainly non-vitreous finds as production waste, refractory materials, crucibles and raw materials; also vitreous finds as frits, skims, glasses (glass masses, glass working waste and finished products) have been taken into consideration. The obtained petrographic and physico-chemical data strongly suggest that both Gambassi and Germagnana glass manufactures were strictly connected with the sources of vitrifiable materials, situated in Tuscan sand quarries. In particular a comparison between sands from the neighbouring quarries and appropriate finds of the two archaeological sites evidences that the employed vitrifiable materials possibly belong to La Casina La Cava resort. The archaeological classification, based on macroscopic observation and stratigraphic position, was compared and verified with the scientific classification of the examined finds of Germagnana and Gambassi sites based on their composition, morphology and physico-chemical properties.     

Using the Information Structure Model to Compare Profile-Based Information Filtering Systems

In the IR field it is clear that the value of a system depends on the cost and benefit profiles of its users. It would seem obvious that different users would prefer different systems. In the TREC-9 filtering track, systems are evaluated by a utility measure specifying a given cost and benefit. However, in the study of decision systems it is known that, in some cases, one system may be unconditionally better than another. In this paper we employ a decision theoretic approach to find conditions under which an Information Filtering (IF) system is unconditionally superior to another for all users regardless of their cost and benefit profiles.It is well known that if two IF systems have equal precision the system with better recall will be preferred by all users. Similarly, with equal recall, better precision is universally preferred. We confirm these known results and discover an unexpected dominance relation in which a system with lower recall will be universally preferred provided its precision is sufficiently higher.     

第14届世界女子篮球锦标赛中外后卫能力的比较研究

通过对第14届世界女子篮球锦标赛前八强队伍的后卫的能力指标进行分析比较,来揭示了我国女篮后卫队员的不足,得出了后卫瘸腿问题是制约我国女篮发展的关键因素,为我国女篮后卫队员的发展、选拔和培养提供了有益的帮助。     

倾诉与呼唤--波眠诗歌简论

波眠是生长在甘肃陇南地区的一位诗人。一方水土养一方人 ,波眠的乡土以自己独特的体验与感悟表现了与这块土地上父老乡亲同体共命的感情。“倾诉与呼唤”是波眠乡土诗的主旋律。在艺术上 ,波眠的诗表现为特色鲜明的乡村事象与独特生命体验的同构谐生 ;同时 ,波眠的诗是凝重的 ,但一些诗在凝重中却又给人以孩子般的天真与清纯     

中长跑项目多课次训练模式

对中长跑“多课次”训练的概念、必要性、生理学基础等进行较为详细的论述，并对“多课次”训练计划的安排及应注意的问题作了说明，旨在丰富中长跑训练的方法手段，保证训练的质量，尽快提高成绩。研究认为。中长跑采用“多课次”训练是可行的。也是必要的，是科学化运动训练的一大体现。建议：“多课次”训练时间的安排，应突破传统的条条框框。在全天24小时内合理安排。实践中逐步摸索出适合每位运动员最为科学的训练课次及运动负荷量。