自适应信号分解实验装置

用开关电容滤波器和锁相环构成的二阶自适应带通滤波器,运用锁相环原理为开关电容滤波器提供时钟信号,使其带通滤波中心频率将跟随输入信号频率变化,克服了传统滤波器带通中心频率不易改变的缺点。实验结果表明,该滤波器较好地实现了自适应带通滤波的功能,可用于教学和科研中周期信号的分解。     

光纤布里渊散射光谱教学实验系统设计

布里渊散射是光纤通信原理课程讲解过程中涉及到的一个非常重要的非线性效应。鉴于理论复杂、学生难于理解的教学现状,利用国家高技术研究发展计划(863)建设的光纤传感创新平台,设计了一套光纤布里渊散射光谱演示实验系统,便于学生形象直观地学习。给出了具体的实验系统、实验操作过程以及实验结果,并对比了4种光纤的布里渊散射频谱图。该实验系统在教学中取得了非常好的效果。     

非晶丝材料磁阻抗特性测量系统研制

将幅频/相频分析专用集成电路芯片AD8302用于非晶丝磁阻抗特性的测量中,结合磁场自动扫描技术、计算机自动数据采集技术设计制作了磁阻抗特性测试系统,实现了非晶丝磁阻抗特性的自动化测量。该系统集样品信号驱动调理、数据采样、数据处理、参数计算等功能于一体,测试范围宽、精度高、用户界面友好。数据采集控制软件还能在计算机屏幕、打印机上绘出被测样品的磁阻抗特性曲线,并生成标准数据文件供ORIGIN等数据处理软件调用。对实际非晶丝样品进行了测试分析,效果良好。     

柴油机喷雾特性的电喷控制电路设计

介绍了一种柴油机电控喷油器喷射开启控制系统。为实现柴油机电控喷油器的开启、持续喷油、关闭功能,应用STC12系列单片机构成电控喷油器的控制系统。开启时为使喷油器开启迅速,应用单周期控制技术的IR1150S芯片,产生高压为112 V的高压电源为喷油器供电。试验结果表明,开发的柴油机电控喷油器控制系统符合X光相衬成像技术研究柴油机喷雾雾化机理的要求,喷油开启迅速、喷油持续稳定、关闭干脆。本系统根据设定可实现电控喷油器的单次及多次连续开启,进一步可以推广应用于柴油机喷油器相关环节教学实验中。     

TiO2粉末多晶X射线衍射Rietveld全谱拟合定量相分析

采用Rietveld全谱拟合的方法对TiO2粉末中锐钛矿和金红石进行定量分析,通过标准样品数据和计算结果进行比较,对该方法的准确性、重复性以及普适性分析,计算结果与标准样品数据符合良好.该方法具有快速准确、成本低、可重复的特点,在高纯度矿物产品工业中将具有广阔的应用前景.     

氢氘原子光谱实验最优参数的确定

为了获得了清晰的氢氘原子光谱谱线,首先确定了对光谱谱线有影响的负高压及狭缝宽度2个实验参量。先选定氢原子的一条谱线,在一定的负高压下,通过改变狭缝宽度来获取不同组光谱谱线,经分析得到理想的狭缝宽度范围。在该范围内选取几条狭缝宽度,分别通过改变负高压来得到理想的最优参数组。实验发现,对于不同的波长最优参数组参数不同,因此又用同样的方法对其他的谱线进行了探究,找到不同谱线的公共最优参数区间,最终获得了清晰的氢原子光谱谱线。     

上三角算子矩阵的谱扰动

本文利用算子谱的分块技巧,研究了上三角算子矩阵的谱扰动.给出了当算子A∈B(H),B∈B(K)给定时,σ(A)∪σ(B)\∩C∈B(K,H)σ(MC)的表示,这里σ(A)表示算子A的谱,MC=(AC/0B)     

Teaching science skills and knowledge to students with developmental disabilities: A systematic review

A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to identify current practice on teaching science to students with intellectual disability (ID) and/or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in relation to two review questions—students' science outcomes and students' and teachers' experiences of the interventions. Six databases related to education, psychology, and science were systematically searched. A detailed protocol can be viewed on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42017057323). Thirty studies were identified that reported on science interventions and 20 on student/teacher experiences of the interventions. The majority of the studies targeted science vocabulary and concepts. Other targets included inquiry skills and comprehension skills. The majority of the interventions used components of systematic instruction (n = 23). Five studies focused on self-directed learning and two on comprehension-based instruction. Students and teachers reported positive experiences of the interventions. The findings suggest that components of systematic instruction in particular might be effective in teaching science content to students with ID and/or ASD. Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of identified interventions on teaching more complex science skills and with students with severe disabilities. Some limitations related to the search strategy are highlighted.     

‘I'm ready for a new chapter’: The voices of young people with autism spectrum disorder in transition to post-16 education and employment

This study explores the views and experiences of 12 young people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in transition to post-16 education and employment, in light of the changes introduced by the new special educational needs and disability (SEND) legislation in England. The extension of provision until the age of 25, and the introduction of person-centred education, health and care (EHC) plans, have given a significant place to the views of young people with SEND and their families. The views, wishes and aspirations of young people must be captured in the newly developed plans, reflecting the statutory requirement for local authorities to systematically record these in a biopsychosocial way, focusing on participation and well-being. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with young people with ASD attending specialist settings or receiving specialist support under the new EHC plans. These were analysed inductively, through thematic analysis. The findings suggest that at the time of transition, young people with ASD want to become increasingly more independent, present ambivalent feelings about their future and acknowledge the relevance of support systems in their lives. Implications for practice and future research are discussed, in light of the new English policy context.     

荧光光谱法研究黄豆苷原与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

用荧光光谱法在pH7.4的PBS中研究了黄豆苷原（Daidzein,Da）与牛血清白蛋白（bovine serum albu-min,BSA）的相互作用.结果表明Da可静态猝灭BSA的内源荧光,温度升高时受动态猝灭的影响变得明显.二者之间的结合位点数约为1.5,315 K、310 K,300 K和290 K时的表观结合常数分别为5.44×104L.mol-1,5.70×104L.mol-1,5.29×104L.mol-1和5.69×104L.mol-1.焓变为0.2969 kJ.mol-1,熵变为91.78为J.mol-1.K-1,各温度下的自由能变均小于零,热力学参数表明二者之间主要靠静电力发生作用,熵变对反应过程具有较大贡献,且反应是自发过程.同步荧光光谱表明Da的加入改变了BSA的构像,使色氨酸残基的微环境亲水性增强.本研究对于阐明Da与蛋白的相互作用机理具有借鉴意义.