浅谈大学生著作权法意识的培养

学术抄袭会导致严重的后果,在高校教学中通过教师的示范讲义、示范论文和对学生作业、论文的指导等具体教学活动使学生在具体的学术活动中养成良好规范的学术行为方式,有助于从根本上解决学术抄袭问题。     

The illusory dichotomy of plagiarism

Plagiarism has been characterised as a ‘major problem’ for universities. While tensions between students and universities are inevitable, the problem with the existing system of plagiarism management and prevention is that it operates to problematise the relationship between the university and the student, rather than address the core academic issues. As a result, a dichotomy is created where the student interest is constructed as adverse to that of the institution. This article argues that de-dichotomisation of the current polarity of plagiarism will open space for alternative thoughtful considerations in dealing with plagiarism positively in an institutional context.     

Is plagiarism changing over time? A 10-year time-lag study with three points of measurement

Are more students cheating on assessment tasks in higher education? Despite ongoing media speculation concerning increased ‘copying and pasting’ and ghostwritten assignments produced by ‘paper mills’, few studies have charted historical trends in rates and types of plagiarism. Additionally, there has been little comment from researchers as to the best way to assess changes in plagiarism over time. In this paper, we discuss the relative strengths and weaknesses of research designs for assessing changes in plagiarism over time, namely cross-sectional, longitudinal, and time-lag. We also report the results of our own time-lag study of plagiarism. We assessed self-reported engagement in, awareness of, and attitudes towards plagiarism in three comparable groups of students at the same university on three occasions, each separated by five years (2004, 2009, and 2014). The data from our study paint an encouraging picture of increased understanding and reduced occurrence of several forms of plagiarism, with no upward trend in verbatim copying or ghostwriting. We suggest that technological and educational initiatives are counteracting the potential for increased plagiarism from online sources.     

Evaluation of intervention on Chinese graduate students’ understanding of textual plagiarism and skills at source referencing

Abstract

Textual plagiarism is a serious violation of established academic protocols, but it requires considerable writing experience and care to avoid as well. Although student understanding of textual plagiarism and their plagiaristic behaviour in English as a Second Language (ESL) and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts have been quite well researched, few studies have sought to evaluate instructional interventions specifically designed to reduce plagiarism by empowering student writers with a better knowledge of plagiarism and skills at source referencing. To the best of our knowledge, no study to date has ever systematically assessed students’ understanding of plagiarism and their source referencing performance in response to intervention. This classroom-based research, at a university in Beijing, aimed to discover whether a 6-hour block of instruction could facilitate better understanding of plagiarism and appropriate source referencing skills. The results showed that the intervention did generally give students a better appreciation of how textual plagiarism looks and significantly reduced blatant and subtle plagiarism in their writing. However, students’ heavy reliance on original source language did frequently reoccur in student writing if in less clear-cut ways. Some helpful lessons were drawn from this study.     

大学生毕业论文（设计）抄袭现象的原因及对策

毕业论文（设计）是大学生4年学业的总结,是学生学习过程中十分重要的环节。但是近年来,在全国各大高校中都存在毕业论文（设计）抄袭的现象。究其原因,与学校的管理、教师队伍建设及学生自身的素质等有着直接的关系。全文试图通过对大学生毕业论文（设计）抄袭现象原因的分析,提出一些解决的对策,以求从根本上减少和杜绝毕业论文抄袭现象的发生。     

Faculty and student perceptions on college cheating: evidence from Turkey

Investigation of academic dishonesty has increased markedly in the past two decades; however, the body of research offers inconclusive evidence for many variables. This study examines faculty and student perceptions of in‐class and out‐of‐class cheating behaviours and provides contextual evidence for the prevalence of assessment practices used. Faculty and students differed only slightly in their attitudes toward collegiate cheating and their views on possible reasons for it. We found that the prevalence of teaching and assessment types used in student grading is significantly correlated with perceptions of out‐of‐class cheating, but not with out‐of‐class cheating behaviours. Students with less experience in out‐of‐class assessment display a less ethical attitude toward out‐of‐class cheating.     

论科技期刊数字化后之利与弊

互联网的快速推广与普及以及数字化技术的发展,原有的科技信息传播方式发生了巨大变化,读者获取专业科技信息的渠道进一步拓宽,同时给传统科技期刊的生存与发展带来了前所未有的挑战,对编辑提出了更高的要求。科技期刊数字化后,利弊并存,期刊的影响力得到显著提高,仍然要求编辑在收集、处理、利用信息的时候,认真地考虑信息的质量问题。同时知识版权受到挑战,编辑应尽最大努力规避抄袭现象的泛滥。     

Student Attitudes on Software Piracy and Related Issues of Computer Ethics

Software piracy is older than the PC and has been the subject of several studies, which have found it to be a widespread phenomenon in general, and among university students in particular. An earlier study by Cohen and Cornwell from a decade ago is replicated, adding questions about downloading music from the Internet. The survey includes responses from 224 students in entry-level courses at two schools, a nondenominational suburban university and a Catholic urban college with similar student profiles. The study found that there has been few if any changes in student opinions regarding the unauthorized duplication of copy- righted materials. Students generally felt that copying commercial software and downloading music from the Internet was acceptable and found that there was no significant correlation between student attitudes and their school’s religious affiliation or lack thereof. Additionally, the study found that a small but significant percentage of respondents considered the other questionable behaviors as ethically acceptable. Finally, the reasons for these attitudes are discussed as well as what colleges can do to correct the situation.     

学术论文复制检测的研究进展及新方法

综述国内外学术论文复制检测的研究现状,针对存在的问题提出以后研究的新思路： 构建某一学科领域学术论文语料库;以信息论为工具,针对某学科领域建立基于学术论文语料库的统计语言模型;结合学术论文抄袭剽窃的特点,通过赋予描述资源对象语义信息的不同元数据项以不同的权函数,设计相似度算法;使用Lemur工具箱,在标准的TREC文档集上对模型和算法进行检验;与Turnitin侦探剽窃系统进行实验对比,评价该模型和算法的有效率和效果。