论科技期刊编辑的时效意识

发文周期过长是目前我国科技期刊界一个普遍存在的问题,增强编辑的时效意识是解决此问题的有效途径。科技期刊编辑的时效意识是时间意识和效率意识的有机统一,二者相辅相成,忽视任一方面都不会取得最佳效果。在工作过程中,编辑主体不但要牢固树立时效意识,而且还要注意克服短时效意识及长时效意识带来的不利影响。     

结构性知识及其对科学教学的启示

文章介绍了结构性知识的理论基础、学习结构性知识的重要意义，最后结合具体教学内容介绍了基于结构性知识理论的初中科学教学策略。     

教师教育如何在师范院校的变动中加强

开放的教师教育体系,教师教育工作者从理论研究到开发研究上卓有成效的工作,以及完善的教师教育法律保障,是加强教师教育并不断提高其质量的缺一不可的三方面条件.     

A Novel Whiteheadean Science Program for 14-16 Year Olds in England and Wales

A novel “Whiteheadean” science program was initiated in England and Wales in September 2006. Following a critical House of Commons report in 2002, the government altered the National Curriculum targets and thus forced the Examination Boards to alter their specifications in order to come in line. Assessment at GCSE level (i.e., the 14-16 year cohort) was criticised for: a) failing to inspire students to continue with science, b) discouraging students from thinking for themselves, c) neglecting contemporary science, d) lacking flexibility, and e) making practical work into a tedious and dull activity. The British government has insisted that all pupils in state funded schools must know the names of some modern scientists and their work. They must discuss some current scientific problems. History and philosophy of science is included under the topic heading “How Science Works.” In Chemistry these objectives have destroyed the traditional linear top-down sequential approach of teaching into an approach based more closely on Whiteheadean lines (cf., the ideas expressed in The Aims of Education, 1926, Chapters 1-3).     

论唯物史观的价值内涵

人类历史的发展既是一个客观的和有规律的自然历史过程。也是一个自为的合目的的主体自觉选择过程。马克思创立的唯物史观克服了以往历史观的局限。实现了科学原则和价值原则的统一。但人类历史发展过程中价值的实现并非是一帆风顺的。是一个付出代价和扬弃代价的辩证过程。需要人们权衡利弊进行正确的价值选择。     

科技进步动力机制研究

从人的需要出发,系统分析影响科技进步的因素,组织体系和动力机制,同时结合我国科技进步动力系统中存在的实际问题,提出解决此类问题的方案。     

Paired peer learning through engineering education outreach

ABSTRACT

Undergraduate education incorporating active learning and vicarious experience through education outreach presents a critical opportunity to influence future engineering teaching and practice capabilities. Engineering education outreach activities have been shown to have multiple benefits; increasing interest and engagement with science and engineering for school children, providing teachers with expert contributions to engineering subject knowledge, and developing professional generic skills for engineers such as communication and teamwork. This pilot intervention paired 10 pre-service teachers and 11 student engineers to enact engineering outreach in primary schools, reaching 269 children. A longitudinal mixed methods design was employed to measure change in attitudes and Education Outreach Self-Efficacy in student engineers; alongside attitudes, Teaching Engineering Self-Efficacy and Engineering Subject Knowledge Confidence in pre-service teachers. Highly significant improvements were noted in the pre-service teachers’ confidence and self-efficacy, while both the teachers and engineers qualitatively described benefits arising from the paired peer mentor model.     

Predicting transition and adjustment to college: biomedical and behavioral science aspirants’ and minority students’ first year of college

The purpose of this study is to explore key factors that impact the college transition of aspiring underrepresented minority students in the biomedical and behavioral sciences, in comparison with White, Asian students and non-science minority students. We examined successful management of the academic environment and sense of belonging during the first college year. Longitudinal data were derived from the Higher Education Research Institute’s (HERI) 2004 Cooperative Institutional Research Program (CIRP) Freshman Survey and the 2005 Your First College Year (YFCY) Survey. Using a reformulation of the integration model (Nora, Barlow, and Crisp, 2005), we find concerns about college financing, negotiating family support and responsibility, and campus racial dynamics (perceived and behavioral) affect student adjustment and sense of integration in the first year. This study was made possible by the support of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, NIH Grant Number 1 RO1 GMO71968-01. This independent research and the views expressed here do not indicate endorsement by the sponsor.     

进一步加强学生综合素质的培养--科技成果转让及中介服务专业暑期实习总结

通过科技成果转让及中介服务专业2000级生的暑期实习,文章总结了学生实习中的所学所感,提出当代大学生应进一步加强综合素质的培养,以适应社会各行业的需求.     

高校科技创新呼唤科技体制改革

本文论述了科学研究在高校中的作用,以及科技体制改革与高校学科专业建设的关系。在高等教育中,科学研究是一所高校人才培养的依托,是学科专业发展的支撑,亦是其实力的具体体现。针对科技体制改革的目的,原则提出人事分配制度改革是高校科技体制改革的突破口,并对科技界存在的若干问题进行了剖析,指出科技体制改革、科学技术健康发展必须弘扬科学精神和优化科技环境。